（浙江专用）2019届高三英语一轮复习 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars课件 新人教版必修3.ppt

1、Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars,-2-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记阅读单词】1.atomn.原子2.billionpron.锁链,-3-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,9.multiplyvi.坠落16.spaceshipn.宇宙飞船,-4-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【拼写高频单词】1.systemn.系统;体系;制度2.theoryn.学说;理论3.unlikeprep.不同;不像4.thusadv.因此;于是5.puzzlen.

2、谜;难题vt.虔诚的,-5-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,3.violentadj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的violentlyadv.强烈地violencen.暴力4.harmfuladj.有害的harmn.伤害;危害harmvt.伤害;危害harmlessadj.无害的5.existvi.存在;生存existencen.存在;生活(方式)6.biologyn.生物学biologistn.生物学家7.gentleadj.温和的;文雅的gentlyadv.轻轻地;温柔地,温和地8.physicistn.物理学家physicsn.物理学physicaladj.物

3、理的;物理学的9.floatvi.(使)漂浮floatn.漂浮物,-6-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.harmful和harm用法扫描doharmtosb./dosb.harm对某人有害beharmfultosb./sth.对某人/某物有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth./Itdoesnoharmtodosth.做某事并无害处(反而可能带来某些好处)。2.“良好性格”的描写gentle温和的easy-going随和的outgoing外向的generous慷慨的,-7-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,3

4、.“太空”单词集锦astronomern.天文学家astronomyn.天文学astronautn.宇航员satelliten.卫星orbitn.轨道universen.宇宙gravityn.万有引力planetn.行星spaceshipn.宇宙飞船atmospheren.大气层,-8-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,4.由thus想到的therefore因此however然而even甚至still仍然ever曾经never从来没有,-9-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【识记】1.solarsystem太阳系2.carb

5、ondioxide二氧化碳3.layeggs下蛋4.givebirthto产生;分娩5.blockout挡住(光线)6.cheerup感到高兴;感到振奋7.watchoutfor密切注意;当心;提防,-10-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,【默写】1.及时;终于intime2.轮到某人;接着inonesturn3.阻止;制止prevent.from4.既然nowthat5.突发;爆发breakout,-11-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.cheer常用短语cheeron向欢呼,为鼓劲加油cheerup(使)高兴起来,

6、(使)振奋起来Cheers!干杯!2.“小心;当心”高频短语becareful小心watchoutfor小心;当心lookout当心takecare小心,-12-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,3.birth用法小结givebirthto生,引起,产生atbirth在出生时bybirth在血统上frombirth自出生以来,-13-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichwer

7、etomaketheearthsatmosphere.它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。考点提炼betodosth.“计划干某事,注定干某事”。2.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能发展了。考点提炼“makeit+adj.+forsb./sth.+todosth.”结构中,it是形式宾语,代替不定式结构。,-14-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,3.Wewatched,amazedasf

8、irebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearthsgravityincreased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球的引力增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。考点提炼第一个as引导时间状语从句,意为“当时候”;第二个as也引导时间状语从句,意为“随着”。,-15-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,1.约翰总是乐于帮助别人,这就注定了他会受欢迎。Johnisalwaysreadytohelpothers,whichistomakehimverypopular.2.他们团结协作,这就使得他们可能在三小时内完成这项工作。Theywor

9、ktogether,whichmakesitpossibleforthemtofinishtheworkwithinthreehours.3.我一边写,笔一边颤抖。MypentremblesasIwrite.,-16-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,Noone1.knows(know)exactlyhowtheearthbegan.Accordingtoa2.widely(wide)acceptedtheory,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”,3.whichexplodedloudlyandproducedwatervapour

10、andmany4.gases(gas)makingtheearthsatmosphere.Astheearthcooleddown,waterappearedandstayed5.onthesurface.Itwasthepresenceofwaterthatallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas,whichmade6.itpossibleforlifetodevelop.First,theappearanceofsmallplantsencouragedthelaterdevelopmentofear

11、lyshellfishandallsortsoffish.Next,greenplantsbegantogrowonland,7.followed(follow)bylandanimals.Soreptilesappearedforthefirsttime.,-17-,.单词,.短语,.句式,.语篇填空,积累串记,联想归纳,仿造句子,Later,dinosaursdeveloped.However,theysuddenlydisappeared.Afterthat,mammalscameintobeing.Finally,humans8.appeared(appear)andspreadall

12、overtheearth.However,theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,9.making(make)theearthtoohottoliveon.So,whetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon10.whetherthisproblemcanbesolved.,-18-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,1.intime及时;迟早;总有一天领悟高考究考法用intime或者ontime填空,(2)Wearrived

13、inthesummer,justintimetoenjoythemidnightsun.(2014四川,阅读理解B)我们是夏天到达的,正好来得及享受午夜的太阳。,(1)Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?(2017全国,七选五)你想早晨起来正好赶上和家人吃早饭,做些体育锻炼,或者是为那一天(的生活)做更好的准备吗?,-19-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,单句写作(3)如果坚持下去,总有一天你会成功的。Ify

14、oukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.,联想拓展记考点(1)attimes有时;偶尔;不时(2)ontime准时;按时(3)innotime立即;马上(4)atonetime曾经;一度(5)atnotime从不;决不(6)allthetime一直;始终(7)atatime一次;每次,-20-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,2.existvi.存在,生存派生existencen.存在,生存existentadj.存在的,现存的领悟高考究考法翻译句子(1)Itexistsinmilkingreatamount.(2016四川,阅读理解D)它大量存在于牛奶中。

15、(2)Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidntexistyet.(2016北京,完形填空)然而,喷气式飞机和大卡车还不存在。,-21-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,用exist的适当形式填空(3)Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.对于这个问题存在着不同的意见。(4)Thechangeendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimalsandbirds.(2015陕西,阅读理解C)这种变化威胁到了某些动物和鸟的生存。(5)Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesec

16、afeswouldntexist.(2015全国,阅读理解D)如果人们过正常的生活,这些咖啡店就不会存在。,-22-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,联想拓展记考点(1)Thereexists/existed.某地存在有(2)existon靠为生(3)comeintoexistence开始存在,成立(4)oexistence使发生,产生,-23-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,3.inonesturn轮到某人;接着领悟高考究考法完成句子(1)Whenitsinmyturn,Imtooexcitedtospeak.当轮到我时,我太兴奋以至于讲不

17、出话来了。(2)Hecookedthemealinhisturnthisweek.本周轮到他做饭了。联想拓展记考点(1)inturn轮流地;挨个;依次;反过来(2)outofturn不依顺序地(3)taketurns依次;轮班;轮流(4)byturns轮流地;交替地,-24-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,4.preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事领悟高考究考法介词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Thedestructionofsuchspeciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcuresforcertaindis

18、eases.(2015陕西,阅读理解C)这些物种的毁灭会阻止研究者们找到治愈某些疾病的办法。,(2)Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoing(do)so.(2017天津,阅读理解B)当然,我本应该问她,但是一些事情阻止了我这样做。,-25-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,联想拓展记考点preventsb.fromdoingsth.的同义短语有stopsb.fromdoingsth.和keepsb.fromdoingsth.。但是需要注意的是:在主动语态中,prevent/stopsb.fromdoings

19、th.中的from可以省略,但keepsb.fromdoingsth.中的from则不能省略;在被动语态中,三个结构中的from都不能省略。Inordertokeepthechildrenfromswimminginthesea,hekeepsthemstayingathomeallday.为了不让孩子们去海里游泳,他把孩子们整天关在家里。,-26-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,5.pulln.牵引力领悟高考究考法用适当的介词或者副词填空(1)Larrypulledover,setthebrakeandgotholdofthefireextinguisher.(2016全国

20、,完形填空)Larry把车停到路边,拉了手刹,拿起灭火器帮忙灭火。(2)Onafamilycartrip,herAuntDedepulledoutacopyofHarryPotter,asasurpriseforherniece.(2016四川,完形填空)在一次家庭自驾游途中,她的姑妈Dede掏出一本哈利波特作为给侄女的惊喜。,-27-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,(3)Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight,Idecidedtopullherfromitall.(2016天津,完形填空)一天晚上听到她痛苦地咳嗽,我决定不让她去训练了。,(4)

21、LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmallcarrotsandwasabouttothrowthemaway.(2017浙江,语法填空)去年十月,LenaPahlsson在瑞典莫拉照顾自己的花园,她拔了一把胡萝卜并且正准备把它们扔掉。,-28-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,翻译句子(5)Theywrappedoneendofaropearoundtheblockandpulled.(2015四川,阅读理解E)他们把绳子的一头绕缠在木头上然后拉。(6)W

22、ouldyoumindgivingthebellapull?不介意的话,请拉一下铃好吗?,-29-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,联想拓展记考点(1)pulldown拆除,摧毁(建筑物)(2)pullin(火车)进站停靠(3)pulloff驶向路边短暂停车;完成(4)pullup停止(5)pullout(火车)出站;驶离路边(6)pullover向路边停靠(或让车),-30-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,6.breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生;爆发领悟高考究考法,(2)夜间突然发生了火灾。Firebrokeoutduringthenight.,完成句

23、子(1)Herfriendscametohelpherwhenthewarbrokeout.(20176浙江,完形填空)战争爆发时,她的朋友都过来帮她。单句写作,-31-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1,7,联想拓展记考点(1)breakawayfrom脱离;摆脱;甩掉(2)breakdown毁掉;把分解;(身体)垮下来;抛锚(3)breakin非法闯入;打断;插嘴(4)breakinto破门而入;非法闯入(5)breakoff折断;中断;突然停止(6)breakthrough突围;突破(7)breakup分解;打碎;驱散;结束,-32-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,3,4,5,6,1

24、,7,7.nowthat既然;由于领悟高考究考法诵读或翻译句子(1)Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorningactivities.(2017全国,七选五)既然你知道你为什么醒来,那就重新安排一下你早晨的活动。,(2)Nowthatthekidshavelefthome,wehavegotalotofextraspace.孩子们都离开家了,我们住着就更宽绰了。,联想拓展记考点常用的引导原因状语从句的连词有because,since,as,considering等。Consideringitiseightocl

25、ock,wellwaitnolonger.由于已经八点了,我们不再等了。,-33-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,1,1.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能发展了。分析提炼究考法“make+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语(宾语从句或动词不定式等)”是固定句式。宾语补足语可以由形容词、名词、分词等充当。常用于此结构的动词还有think,feel,find,consider,take等。,-34-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,1,领悟考法用考点翻译句子,(2)Unfortunat

26、ely,thetreesmadeitimpossibleforpeopletoseeherfromtheabove.(201610浙江,写作)不幸的是,这些树木使得人们无法从上方看到她。,(1)Someimmigrantadvocatesworrythatashardfinancialtimesmakeitmoredifficultfornativestokeepjobs,suchmeasureswillbecomemoreavehicleforintolerancethanintegration.(20176浙江,阅读理解C)一些移民支持者担心,由于严重的金融危机使得本国人很难保住工作,这样

27、的措施将成为一种不包容的工具,而不是融合。,-35-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,1,2.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.而当我试着向前迈步时,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍,因而我摔倒了。分析提炼究考法twiceasfaras.是一种倍数的表达方法,意为“是的两倍远”。英语中常用的倍数表达法有:(1)A+be+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B(2)A+be+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+B(3)A+be+倍数+the+名词(siz

28、e/weight/length.)+ofB,-36-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,1,领悟考法用考点完成句子(1)Jessicadevotedthreetimesasmuchtimeandenergyasshedidbefore,soIbelieveshewillsucceedthistime.杰西卡付出的是以前的时间和精力的三倍,所以我相信她这次能成功。(2)Thosegivennightmilkcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin.(2016四川,阅读理解D)那些参加实验的“夜间牛奶”包含了10倍的褪黑素量。,-37-,核心词汇,核心句式,2,1,一句多译(

29、3)据报道,最近发现了一颗行星,它几乎是地球的三倍大。Itisreportedthatanewplanethasbeendiscoveredrecently,whichisalmostthreetimesaslargeastheearth.Itisreportedthatanewplanethasbeendiscoveredrecently,whichisalmostthreetimesbiggerthantheearth.Itisreportedthatanewplanethasbeendiscoveredrecently,whichisalmostthreetimesthesizeofth

30、eearth.,-38-,.单句填空1.Aftersheclosedthedoorwithviolence,shefeltherheartbeatviolently.(violent)2.Shegotinterestedinitanddecidedtobeabiologist(biology).3.Eatingtoomanydessertscanbeharmful(harm)toyourteeth.4.Whendidtheworldcomeintoexistence(exist)?5.Hehadtowipethesweat,becausetheair-conditioningsystembro

31、kedown.6.Theumbrellawasinperfectcondition,considering(consider)howolditwas.7.Themaleandfemalebirdstaketurns(turn)insittingontheeggs.,-39-,8.Atonetimewastewaterwasputintoriversandlakes,whichwerebadlypolluted.9.Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.(2016全国丙,书面表达)10.Jennypulledhercaroverandstopped.11.HollandhastwothirdsthecitizensoftheStateofNewYork,whichisfourtimes(time)thesizeofHolland.12.Ithinkitinter