初中英语宾语从句PPT课件

1、.,1,语法专项,-宾语从句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）IknowMr.LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）,.,3,Pleasefindtheobjectofeachsentence.WhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanObjectCl

2、ause?Iwillbuyabike.IthinkMrZhangisaverygoodteacher.Helikesmeat.ShecanspeakEnglishandFrench.MrSmithknewhissonmadesomemistakes.Theshopsellsdifferentkindsoffood.Icanseetheboysareplayingfootball.Wehaveplantedhundredsoftreesintheschool.,这些划线部分都可以用_来提问。,what,.,4,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,时态,语序,（一）连接词,that连接_2.whether

3、/if连接_3.代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.副词whenwhywherehow3、4连接_,一般疑问句,一般陈述句,特殊疑问句,.,6,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,Ihear(that)_.(一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时

4、态，从句一律用一般现在时,.,7,由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_?,if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithus,whether/ifhecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,if/whether“是否”，常用在ask,wonder,findoutcan(could)tellme,dontknow,dontcare等后。,whether/ifMr.Liliveshere,.,8,只能用whether不能用if的情况,1.在

5、_后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在_前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.,介词,动词不定式,.,9,3.当与_连用，MaryaskedwhetherornotIwouldattendthespeechcontest.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4._时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.5.当会产生歧义时：Pleaseletmekno

6、wifyoulikethebook.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.,ornot,提出两种选择,宾语从句提前,或_时:,.,10,1.Heasked_.2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_.4.Doyouknow_?5.Pleasetellme_.6.Canyoutellme_?7.Couldyoutellme_?,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,whosebikewasthebestintheclass,whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIca

7、ngettothestation,whythetrainislate,由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从,代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。,.,11,选择正确的连接词1.Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2.Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where3.Ihardlyunderstand_hehastoldme.A.thatB.w

8、hatC.whichD.who4.Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD.wouldhewhetherbe5.Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when,.,12,6.Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterday?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose8.Peterasked_dicti

9、onarythiswas.A.whoseB.whosC.whichD.that9.Itoldhim_wasmybook.A.whomB.whichC.whoD.whose10.Mumaskedme_Iwouldgoshoppingwith.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom,.,13,（二）语序：陈述句语序,即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）HeaskedmewhenIwasgoingtothebookstore.,当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?What(

10、has)happened?Whichisthewayto?Whosoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon?Iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit.,.,14,陈述句语序1.Theydontknow_.AwhataretheirparentsBwhattheirparentsareCwhowastheirparentsDthattheirparentarewho2.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterwo

11、rkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit,.,15,4.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5.Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.wh

12、owashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoishelookingafter6.Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwilltheyleaveforBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveforBeijingC.whentheywillleaveforBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveforBeijing,（三）时态(时态一致性）,主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfo

13、r3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Iknewhewasateacher.Iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.,.,17,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般过去

14、时过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,过去进行时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去完成时,.,18,时态一致练习1.Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.takeC.takesD.wouldtake2.Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_adictationtoday.

15、A.wouldhaveB.hasC.willhaveD.are4.SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsomechalk.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5.Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled,.,19,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclo

16、ckyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_aboutthemurdernow.(talk),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,weredoing,时态一致练

17、习,.,20,9.Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be)10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.Mr.Wangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterda

18、y?(do),wrote,moves,hastaken,hadbeen,rises,did,were,wouldwrite,.,21,转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换-根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变,Imtired,shesaid.Shesaidthat_wastired.Youplayverywell,hetoldme.Hetoldmethat_playedverywell.Youmusthandinyourpapertomorrow,theteachertoldus.Theteachertoldusthat_musthandin_paper_.Mr.Carteraskedhim,Arey

19、ourbookshere?Mr.Carteraskedhimif_bookswere_.,she,I,we,our,his,there,thenextday,.,22,Shesaidtome,Openthedoor,please.Dontopenthedoor,please,IsaidtoTom.,宾语从句改写中的特殊情形,IaskedTom_thedoor.,Shetoldme_thedoor.,原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“ask/tellsb.(not)todosth.”的句式。,toopen,nottoopen,.,23,宾语从句与简单句的转换,IdontknowhowI

20、cananswerthequestion.Hehopedtobeabasketballplayer.,Idontknow_thequestion.,Hehoped_abasketballplayer.,howtoanswer,(that)hecouldbe,.,24,Itisntgoingtorain.(Ithink),宾语从句的否定形式,Idontthinkitisgoingtorain.,一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式一样。但若主句谓语动词是think、believe、guess、suppose等表示“认为，猜想”等词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。,(Hethi

21、nks),Hedoesntthinkitisgoingtorain.,.,25,宾语从句应掌握的要点,1宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。2要注意主句时态和从句时态的呼应。当主句的谓语动词是现在时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种时态。（排除下一条）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。3.在think,believe等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定

22、式。(否定前置),.,26,宾语从句专项练习,1.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_theseflowers_fromGuangdong.2.Light(光)goesfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_light_fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdidntknow_there_ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwa

23、nttoknow_French.,thatwere,thatgoes,thatwouldbe,iftheycanspeak,.,27,5.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme_thechildren_games.6.Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_inthepicture?,ifareplaying,hisnamewas,howmanypeopleyoucansee,.,28,8.Wheredids

24、heputhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered_often_about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknow_atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknow_hestill_inthatstreet.,wheresheput,whathetalked,whoknocked,iflives,.,29

25、,12.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme_.13.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_they_friedchicken.14.Whydidntyoucomewithustotheparty？SueaskedSteven.SueaskedSteven_tothepartywiththem.,whenthetrainarrives,ifwanted,whyhehadntgone,.,30,将下列句子合并为一句,Wheredotheystopontheway?Ias

26、ked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,

27、.,31,6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.,Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,TheyaskedwhereTomwas.,Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.,.,32,WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid_.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Letmetellyou_.A.ho