普华永道--财务管理最佳实践之应收管理课件

1、BestPracticeFinancialProcesses:AccountsReceivable,1,PPT学习交流,AccountReceivable-BestPracticeObjectives,AccountsReceivableObjectives,Organisation,People,Processes,Controls,Measures,InformationSystems,Toensurecustomerpaymentsarereceivedefficientlyandeffectivelyforgoods/servicesdelivered,withintheagreedt

2、ermsandconditionsTomanagecreditriskefficientlywithoutcreatingunnecessarydelaysinthesalescycleTomaintainacompleteandaccuratestatementofoutstandingdebtorsToprovidecompleteforecastinformationtoassistthemanagementofshort-termcashrequirements,CentralisedprocessingEconomiesofscaleCustomerfocus,Establishcr

3、editlevelsIssuesalesorderIssueinvoiceMonitorcreditCollectcash,ProceduresmanualAuthorisationValidation/matchingCreditcontrol,CostperinvoiceCreditnotespercentageCostperpaymentreceivedDaysdebtoutstanding,IntegratedwithsalessystemAutomaticmatchingElectronicreceipts,CustomerrelationsLegalframeworkawarene

4、ssCreditmanagement,2,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-BestPracticeFeatures,ProcessFeatures,Formalcreditchecksappliedtoallnewcustomerswithin24hoursusingcreditbureauMonitorcreditstatus/termsonregularbasisCustomeraccountmanagersprovidedwithuptodatecreditstatusTreasurypolicysetonlateandpromptpaymentsAuthority

5、levelsclearlydefinedCreditpoliciesdefinedandagreedTermsandconditionsagreedwithcustomers,ConsolidatedperiodicinvoicingforhighfrequencyshipmentsBankremittancenoticesissuedwithsalesinvoicestofacilitatereconciliationSelfbillinginvoicesbyhighvolumecustomersConsideroutsourcingregularinvoice/paymentegutili

6、tiesRegularreviewofinvoicequeriesandcreditnotesReconciliationofARbalancestoGLcontrolaccountsonaregularbasis,CreditinsurancearrangementsevaluatedperiodicallyCustomeraccountmanagersresponsibleforsalesandcashcollectionConstantmonitoringofdebtordays,dailycollection,ageingofdebtCustomercontactrecordsmain

7、tainedOutsourcecashcollectionwhereappropriateDetermineandreportoncredittargetsMonitoroverduedebtsandtakeactionwithinagreedpolicy,Establishcreditlevels,Issuesalesorder,Issueinvoice,Monitorcredit/collectcash,SalesorderspreparedusingpricingdatabasewithpricingprofilesforproductsandcustomersNoorderproces

8、sedwithoutvalidcustomerPOreferenceDeliverynoteactsasinvoiceforlow-frequencyshippings,3,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-BestPracticeFeatures,Establishcreditlevels,Issuesalesorder,Issueinvoice,Monitorcredit/collectcash,SystemFeatures,ConsolidatedcreditpositionforgroupofcustomersSystemprovideson-linecustome

9、rpaymenthistoryandtermsUseofworkflowsoftwaretomonitorprocessandhelpresolvequeriesStandardcreditcontrolreports,CommonSOPandARcustomerdatabaseInvoicesautomaticallygeneratedfromSOPandshipmentdataSelfbillinginvoicesautomaticallymatchedtocustomerordersMulticurrencyinvoicesAutomaticcommitmentandaccrualsAu

10、tomaticreconciliationfacilitiesbetweenintegratedSOPARandGLsystems,SOPlinkedtodebtorsledgertoensurecustomercreditlimitsnotexceededSalesdocumentssentviaEDIforallmajorcustomersIntegratedorder&billingsystemsavailableonline&hardcopy,PaymentsreceivedelectronicallywherepossibleAutomaticmatchingofpaymentsto

11、invoicesOn-linediaryfacilitytomonitorcallsAutomaticflaggingandreportingofhighriskaccountsAutomaticdunninglettersissuedwithinagreedtradingtermsIntegratedsystemstofacilitatecustomerqueryhandlingForecastcashreceiptsavailablefortreasurypurposes,4,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-Trends,From,To,SeparateARmodul

12、ePaymentbychequeComplex/variabletradingtermsManualmatchingPerformedbyFinancedepartment,IntegratedsystemsElectronicpaymentCommontradingtermsforallcustomersAutomaticmatchingSharedoroutsourcedservices,5,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-Measures/CostDrivers,90percentile,Median,10percentile,Numberofcustomerpay

13、mentreceivedperaccountsreceivable,FTEperannum,40,300,5,500,700orless,Accountsreceivablecostpersalesinvoiceprocessed,10percentile,Median,90percentile,1,3,18,Median,1day,90percentile,4days,10percentile,1day,Daystoprocessinvoice/creditnote(ie,timebetweenreceiptofinvoice/creditnoteandentryintotheaccount

14、ingsystem),Costdrivers,NumberofARreceiptsLevelofmultiplereceiptsUseofdirectdebiting/standingordersUseofelectricfundstransferLevelofcreditriskassociatedwithcustomerbaseVarietyinpaymenttermsDegreeofforeigncurrencyreceiptsLevelofcreditnotes,6,PPT学习交流,Billing-Measures/CostDrivers,90percentile,Median,10p

15、ercentile,NumberofsalesinvoicesgeneratedperbillingFTEperannum,90,000,11,100,1,600,Billingcostpersalesinvoiceandcreditnoteprocessed,10percentile,Median,90percentile,1,2,22,Median,2days,90percentile,15days,10percentile,1day,Daysfromdespatchofgoodstopreparationofsalesinvoice,Costdrivers,Numberofinvoice

16、sNumberofcustomersUseofEDIComplexityofservice/goodssuppliedVarietyintermsandconditionsComplexityofdiscountsDegreeofforeigncurrencyinvoicingNumberofcomplaintsAccuracy/levelofcreditnotes,7,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-Level0ContextDiagram,8,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivable-Level1Overview,9,PPT学习交流,AccountsRec

17、eivableNotesMaintaincustomerdata,BestPracticeFeaturesSendbilltooneaddressonly.Whereacustomerisprovidedwithgoodsorservicesatanumberoflocations,theconsolidationinthebillingprocessnotonlyreducesthenumberofbillstobeverifiedorcreatedbutalsodecreasesthepotentialneedtoreconcileanumberofreceivablesonindivid

18、ualaccounts.Centralisethecustomerset-upprocessinordertoensureconsistency.InternalcontrolrequirementsInordertominimisetheriskofduplicationofthedataandtheunauthorisedset-upofcustomers,theprocessshouldbecentrallycontrolledandoperated.Beforeanycustomerisdeletedfromthesystem,evidenceshouldbeproducedthatt

19、hecustomerhasbeeninactivefortheappropriateperiodoftimeandnooutstandingbalancesarepresent.Approvalfordeletionisobtainedbymanagementauthoritysignature.Thechangestocustomersreportisregularlycheckedandmonitored.Systemnotificationofduplicatebusinessandbirthregistrationnumbers.,10,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivab

20、leNotesMaintaincustomerdata,CostDriversNumberofcustomersNumberofnewcustomersNumberofcustomerchangesNumberofrequiredcustomerstandingdatafieldsPossibilityofsharingstandingdatabaseOverlapbetweendatabasesSearchcriteriaandstandardisationtoavoidduplication/redundancyKeyPerformanceIndicatorsNumberofchanges

21、andadditionscarriedoutinayearperFTENumberofcustomersinop.databasewithouttransactionsfor1yearPercentageofchangesandadditionsoftotalcustomerbase,11,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesManageReceivables,BestPracticeFeaturesAgeddebitbalancesshouldbereviewedbymanagementonaregularbasisandexplanationssoughtasto

22、whydebtshavefailedtoberecovered.Overduedebitbalancesoccurasaresultanumberoffactorsofsub-optimalperformanceswithinthesalesdepartmentorwithinthecreditcontrolprocessorAR-infonotrecordedfrombankquicklyenoughandthereforenotprocessedquicklyenoughortimingofinvoiceissue.Therootcausesneedtobeaddressedandrect

23、ifiedbyalteringthecreditabilitystatusofthecustomer.Automaticflaggingandreportingofhighriskaccounts.Materialityandtimelimits.InternalcontrolrequirementsItisessentialthatdebitbalancesarereviewedregularlyandmatchedwithpaymentspromptlyinordertoavoidtheriskoffraudandminimisethechancesofbaddebt.Computerdi

24、aryofactionstaken.Stopsplacedonoverduecustomers.Ageddebtorreportsenttolegaldepartmentandfunctionalmanagers.,12,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesManagereceivables(Cont),CostDriversNumberofoverdueopenitems.Numberofstepsinthedunningprocedure.Qualityandtimingofthematchingprocessofreceipts.Availabilityofdu

25、nningenforcementmeasures.Tolerancecriteria.Paymenttermsandconditionspolicy.KeyPerformanceindicatorsDaysoutstandingasapercentageofaveragepaymentterm.Valueofoverdueinvoicesasapercentageofoutstandingbalances.BadDebtProvisionasapercentageofoutstandingbalances.Processcost/customerpaymentreceived.Numberof

26、dunninglettersas%oftotalinvoices.Writeoffvalueas%of(sundry)salesrevenue.,13,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesProcessreceiptsanddirectdebits,BestpracticefeaturesUseofanelectronicinterfacebetweenbank,cashiersandARtreasuryAutomaticmatchingofreceiptsbyvalueandinvoicenumberInternalcontrolrequirementsInterf

27、acecontroltotalwithbankandcashiers,dailyRegularsupervisoryreviewofopenandunmatcheditemsDocumentationofalloverdueopenitemsandunmatchedreceipts,14,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesProcessreceiptsanddirectdebits,CostDriversNo.ofReceiptsformorethanonetransactionPercentageofdownpaymentsQualityofpaymentinfo

28、rmationNumberofunmatchedpaymentsNumberofforeigncurrencyreceiptsandexchangeratedifferencesTolerancepaymentdifferencesNumberofcriteriaforautomaticmatchingKeyPerformanceIndicatorsMonthlyandcumulativetolerancedifferenceamountsPercentageofreceiptsclearedautomaticallyinmonthNumberofmanuallymatchedreceipts

29、perFTENumberofunmatchedreceiptsolderthan1month,15,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesProcessamendments,BestPracticeFeaturesSinglecontactpointforallqueries.Althoughthequeryprocessingcanbedistributedthereareobviousinefficienciesindirectingenquiriestoanumberofcontactpoints.Haveaccesstosufficientdatatobeabl

30、etohandlethemajorityofquerieson-line.Inthiscontext,theuseofimageprocessingallowsinvoicestobecalleduponscreenquicklyand,ifnecessary,automaticallycopiedtotheenquirerthroughthemediumofautofax.InternalcontrolrequirementsInordertooperateaneffectivehelpdesk,staffwillrequiretohaveaccesstomostpartsoftheacco

31、untsreceivablesystem.Thisshouldbeonareadonlybasisinordertominimisethepotentialforfraudtakingplace.Targetssetfortimetoanswerqueries.,16,PPT学习交流,AccountsReceivableNotesProcessamendments,CostDriversNumberandvarietyofqueriesreceived.Availabilityandflexibilityofstandardscreens.Complexityofdatabasefortailor-madequerie