翻译 中英对译 英文散文赏析

1、原文巷 柯灵 译者-张培基巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画。 这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 这种小巷，隔绝了市廛的红尘，却又不是乡村的风味。它又深又长，一个人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折,你望前面，好像已经堵塞了，可是走过去，一转弯，依然是巷陌深深，而且更加幽静。那里常是寂寂的，寂寂的。什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的足音。不高不矮的围墙挡在两边，斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴的藤萝，简

2、直像古朴的屏风。墙里常是人家的竹园，修竹森森，天籁细细；春来时还常有几枝娇艳的桃花杏花，娉娉婷婷，从墙头殷勤地摇曳红袖，向行人招手。 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁，只要你到巷里去踯躅一会，你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自己的一本哀乐帐，一部兴衰史，可是重门叠户，讳莫如深，夕阳影里，野花闲草，燕子低飞，寻觅归家（12）。只是一片澄明如水的气氛，净化一切，笼罩一切，使人忘忧。译文The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of u

3、rban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity. Often tucked away in a small town south of the Yangtse River, the lane, like a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance in public

4、. Youll never have an opportunity to see it and savour its gentle poiseuntil you have become truly attached to the small town after living there for a long time. The lane, though cut off from the hustle and bustle of busy cities, does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it w

5、ill take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems to be a blind alley when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, youll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillnes

6、s there. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the dusk-like quiet your own footsteps. On either side of the lane stand enclosing walls of medium height, which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the wal

7、ls are residents gardens with dense groves of tall bamboos as well as soft sounds of nature. In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, like graceful girls waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians.The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenit

8、y. No matter who you are, if you loiter around in the lane for a while, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will experience a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is

9、a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern version of Wu Yi Xiang, a special residential area of nobility in the Jin Dynasty southeast of todays Nanjing, (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of joys and sorrows, and rise and decline. When the sun is

10、setting, swallows will fly low over wild flowers and grass on their way to their nests. （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries. 评析:1、明喻（simile）.中文中巷，是与英文中like相对应。本文中有很多比喻句， 如下文中将“墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴的藤萝”比作“古朴的 屏风”英文中相对应的则是“like scree

11、ns of primitive simplicity”。 2、倒叙（flashback）、明喻（simile）、拟人（personification）和释义（paraphrase）。“这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面。”与之相对应的一句话翻译的极好，首先采用倒装，加强语气情感，其中动词短语“to tuck away”作“使隐藏”、“把置放在隐蔽的地方”解，文中本无其词但有这个意思，所以加此短语后语句很顺畅。“有如”与“like”相对照将“南方小城”比作“女子”；而后面“有机会看到她，接触到她的风度”均是一种拟人（personification）手法。

12、译文中则是 用“savour”译成“接触”，而“savour”本意是“有的气味”，用“savour”在这一句英文中也是体现了拟人手法；下文中“娇艳的桃花杏花，娉娉婷婷，从墙头殷勤地摇曳红袖，向行人招手”相对应的译文是“like graceful girls waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians.”也是一处拟人（personification）用法。而且作者将“南方”译为“south of the Yangtse River”，为释义（paraphrase），这样将中文里的“南方”具体化为

13、“长江之南”，让外国人读文章时能容易理解此处“南方”的含义； 3、此句中文中是“要才”，而英文翻译却翻成“never.until.to.”将中文中的一种表达条件的句子翻译成因果形式，也是增强了一种语气。4、隔绝了市廛的红尘对应的英文是“ cut off from the hustle and bustle of busy cities”，将“红尘”翻译为“hustle and bustle”可以充分体现了红尘里的纷纷扰扰；原文中“隔绝了市廛的红尘，却又不是乡村的风味”在译文中是将与“却”字相对应的“though”提前。5、此处中文“好像已经堵塞了”意即“好像是死胡同”，故译为“it seems

14、 to be a blind alley”。6、“那里是寂寂的，寂寂的”语气强调，故译为 “There is nothing but stillness there”。原文中两个“寂寂的”在英文中并没有体现出重复（repetition），译文用“There is nothing but stillness there”取代。7、中文中本是有“不高不矮的墙”，但英文翻译中无此对照翻译，而是用“medium height”取代。8、中文中的“修竹森森”，“天籁细细”用“grove”描述“修，意为高”，“天籁”则翻译成“soft of nature”为“自然界的音响”，两个四字词采用“as well as”将两个连接起来；而“娉娉婷婷”则与荷塘月色中翻译的一致，译为“graceful girl”。9、将“踯躅”译“loiter around”感觉就是一种闲情逸致，在巷子里闲逛的悠闲心情。10、原文中本描述的是“那是一种和平的静穆”是一种状态的描述，而译文翻译出则是“you will experience a kind of peaceful .”译成一种动态的动作。更符合英文的习惯。11、此处对“乌衣巷