定语从句 (2)

1、,Work hard!,You are sure to SUCCEED!,Never let YOURSELF down!,Ready?,GO!,定语从句,在日常生活中见带定语从句的谚语： 1. God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。 2. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。 3. He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。,定语从句,在复合句中修饰名词或代词的 从句叫定语从句。,修饰名词或代词的词叫定语。,定

2、语,定语从句三步走：,1. 先行词（人物） 2. 定语从句 3. 关系代词（主宾）,关系代词,人 人： who,that,whom 定语从句先行词 关系代词 （主宾） 物 物： that,which 注：关系代词作定语时用whose.,定语从句：,定语从句中的关系代词:,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man ( who) I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 若介词提前则不能省),The man (whom)

3、 I talked with is our teacher.,The man with whom I talked is our teacher.,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 若介词提前则不能省),Whats that animal which looks like a big mouse?,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,He is the man (that) I told you about.,

4、 注意：1.介词提前时只能用which 而不能用that 。,4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine that can fly.,2.介词提前时只能用whom 而不能用that, who 。,5. whose 指人物，作定语 (不可省略),Whats that animal whose mouth is big?,The girl whose hair is long is my sister.,注：1. 当先行词是或被最高级， 序数词，不定代 词（someanynoevery +thing)， only, all, one of,

5、(a) few, (a) little 等修饰时， 只能用that,不用which. (指物时that大于which ) 2. 当先行词是someanynoevery +body时， 只能用who, 不用that. (指人时who大于that) 3.当先行词是those时， 只能用who(人)which（物）. 4. 介词提前，只能用which whom, 不用thatwho.,1.-what are you looking for? -Im looking for the pen_I bought last week . A.who B.which C.whose 2.This is the

6、 novel _is written by Luxun. A.who B.what C.that D./ 3. We should help the people _are in trouble . A.whose B.whom C.which D.who 4.Thats the man_house was destroyed in the storm. A.that B.whose C.who D.which 5.The girl_I just talked with is Bens sister . A.whom B.which C.she,有关定语从句的中考题,B,C,D,B,A,6.I

7、 love people _are friendly to others . A. which . B.whose C. what D.who 7.Ill always remember the people _have hept me . A.who B.what C.which D.where 8.Sorry, we dont have the coat _you need . A. what B.who C.whom D.which 9.Thought is the key _opens the doors of the world . A.why B.where C.which D.w

8、ho 10.I prefer not to eat too much food _is fried . A.that B.what C.it D./,D,A,D,C,A,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词或被它们修饰时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. Ive read all the books that ar

9、e not mine. (2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (3)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. (4) 当先行词既有人又有物时. I will remember the persons and the things that we met last year in Canada.,关系代词只用which而不用that的情况：,1.先行词为that时： What

10、s that which is in the sky? 2.关系代词前有介词时： I like the city in which we live .,summary,关系副词,1. when 指时间，作时间状语 =介词 +which,I like the day. The weather is sunny on the day. 1. I like the day _ the weather is sunny on 2. I like the day _ the weather is sunny. 3. I like the day _ the weather is sunny.,that

11、which,on which,when,2. where 指地点，作地点状语= 介词+which,I like the school. Im studying in the school. 1. I like the school _ Im studying in. 2. I like the school _ Im studying. 3. I like the school _ Im studying.,that which,in which,where,3. why 指原因，作原因状语 = for +which,I dont know the reason _ he doesnt joi

12、n us.,why for which,人 人： who,that,whom 定语从句先行词 关系代词 （主宾） 物 物： that,which 注：关系代词作定语时用whose.,定语从句：,时间: when 定语从句先行词关系副词 地点：where 状语 原因：why 注：关系副词 = 介+which.,请比较以下句子： This is the park that we visited * last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party *. She wont forget the days that she spent

13、 * on the island. She wont forget the days when they stayed together*. Thats the date when we went to the college * . Thats the date that she wont forget * forever. I like the time when we lived together * . I like the time that we had *together.,the park,in the park,the days,on the days,on the day,

14、the day,on the days,the days,1. Is this the room _ you cleaned last time? 2. Is this the room _ we lived before? 3. This is the garden _ they stayed for a night. 4. This is the garden _ they visited last time. 5. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home. 6. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him

15、 last day. 7. She still remembers the year _ she found her first job. 8. She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jiyuan.,thatwhich,where in which,wherein which,thatwhich,whenon which,thatwhich,whenin which,thatwhich,关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分 同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which； 同样是修饰一个时间

16、，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。 这主要看关系词在从句中充当什么成分，若充当主语，宾语，或定语，则要用关系代词，若充当状语则用关系副词。若从句中的谓语动词是及物动词，则试题就比较简单，直接用关系代词，因为及物动词后直接加宾语。,do exercises,1. Is this the room _ we spent our childhood? 2. This dictionary is the second one _ I bought in the shop. 3. I still remember the date _ I went to Nanjing for the first time. 4. Tom is thinking about the grass and