大鼠解剖图谱—中英文

1、Rat Dissection,The following slides are intended to help you with dissection of the rat and then to review for the lab practical that will follow.,RATS,Rat Dissection,Scientific Name: Rattus norvegicus Common Name: Rat Kingdom- Animalia Phylum- Chordata Subphylum- Vertebrata Class- Mammalia Order- R

2、odentia,RATS,Rat Dissection,The following web sites were used to obtain various dissection pictures. (1) http:/www.umanitoba.ca/faculties/science/biological_sciences/lab 15/biolab15_1.html (2) .au/home/jans/home/rat.htm (3) (4) (5) /companat/BAA_289L

3、_2004/heart/Rat/rat_thorax.htm (6) /courses/biog105/images/ratpics/unit6/ (7) /dept/bio/RatDissection/index.htm This has an excellent self quiz! Urogenital Tutorial- .au/undergrad/erat/index.html,SOURCES,Rat Diss

4、ection,REMOVING SKIN,Source #4,Rat Dissection,REMOVING SKIN,Source #7,Rat Dissection,REMOVING SKIN,Source #4,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Branchial:鳃的 Externa auditory meatus：外耳道 Temporalis：颞肌 Orbicularis oculi：眼轮匝肌 parotid duct：腮腺导管,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #1,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source

5、 #5,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Wrist:腕关节 Long head of biceps brachi:肱二头肌长头 Medial head of triceps:肱三头肌内侧头 Coracobrachialis:喙头肌 Elbow：肘部 Tensor fasciae antebrachi: Long head of triceps:肱三头肌长头 Axilla region:腋部 Short head of biceps brachi:肱二头肌短头 Cranial:颅侧 Caudal:

6、尾侧 Distal:远心端 Proximal:近心端,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #1,External jugular vein:颈外静脉 Pectoralis muscles:胸肌 Triceps:肱三头肌 Biceps:二头肌 Masseter:咬肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #1,Cutaneous maximus: External jugular vein:颈外静脉 Linea alba:腹白线,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Transversus abdominis:腹横肌 Ep

7、igastric vein:腹壁下静脉 Rectus abdominis:腹直肌 Internal oblique:腹内斜肌 External oblique:腹外斜肌 Rostral:头侧 Caudal:尾侧 Lateral:外侧 Medial:内侧,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Thigh:大腿 Hip:臀部 Gluteus maximus:臀大肌 Caput vertebralis: Caput pelvis: Biceps femoris:股二头肌 Semitendinosus:半腱肌 Vastus lateralis:股外侧肌,Rat Dissec

8、tion,MUSCLES,Source #5,Vastus lateralis:股外侧肌 Adductor magnus:大收肌 Biceps femoris:股二头肌 Semimembranosus:半膜肌 Cranial:颅侧 Caudal:尾侧 Dorsal:背侧 Ventral:腹侧,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Iliacus:髂肌 Pectineus:耻骨肌 Adductor longus:长收肌 Gluteus medius:臀中肌 Vastus lateralis:股外侧肌 Rectus femoris:股直肌 Vastus medialis

9、:股内侧肌 Adductor magnus:大收肌 Gracilis:股薄肌 Flexor digitorum superficialis: 指(趾）浅屈肌,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Flexor digitorum superficialis: 指(趾）浅屈肌 Tibialias anterior:胫骨前肌 Flexor digitorum profundis:指(趾）深屈肌 Fibularis longus: Soleus:比目鱼肌 Lateral head of gastrocnemius:腓肠肌外侧头 Plantaris:跖肌 medial he

10、ad of gastrocnemius:腓肠肌内侧头 Calcaneal tendon:跟腱 Heel of foot:足跟,Rat Dissection,MUSCLES,Source #5,Plantaris:跖肌 Flexor digitorum superficialis:指(趾）浅屈肌 Soleus:比目鱼肌 medial head of gastrocnemius:腓肠肌内侧头 Calcaneal tendon:跟腱 Heel of foot:足跟,Rat Dissection,ORAL CAVITY,Source #6,Oral cavity:口腔 Hard palate:硬腭 S

11、oft palate:软腭,Rat Dissection,ORAL CAVITY,Source #6,Saluvary gland:唾液腺,Rat Dissection,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Source #4,Rat Dissection,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Source #4,Rat Dissection,Source #7,ABDOMINAL CAVITY,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source #1,Digestive organs:消化器官 Mesentery:肠系膜 Omentum:网膜,Rat Dissection,

12、Source #6,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Liver：肝脏 Caecum:盲肠 Small intestine:小肠,Rat Dissection,Source #6,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Duodenum:十二指肠 Stomach:胃 Spleen:脾脏 Large intestine:大肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source #1,diaphragm:膈 Liver：肝脏 Small intestine:小肠 Spleen：脾脏 Caecum:盲肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source

13、 #5,Caudal side of diaphragm:膈肌尾侧面 Median lobe of liver:肝脏中叶 Ligamentum teres hepatis:肝静脉索 Left lobe of liver:肝脏左叶 Stomach:胃 Greater omentum:大网膜 Small intestines:小肠,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source #1,Duodenum:十二指肠 Pancreas:胰腺 Jejunum:空肠 Ileum:回肠 Colon:结肠 Caecum:盲肠,Rat Dissection,Source #6,DIG

14、ESTIVE ORGANS,Rat Dissection,DIGESTIVE ORGANS,Source #1,Transverse limb:横结肠 Ascending limb:升结肠 Descending limb:降结肠,Rat Dissection,Source #1,THORACIC CAVITY,External jugular:颈外静脉 Left common carotid:左颈总动脉 Left subclavian：左锁骨下动脉 Aortic arch:主动脉弓 Left postcava:下腔静脉 Lung:肺脏 Kidney:肾脏 Left atrium:左心房 Lef

15、t ventricle:左心室 Right precava:上腔静脉 Innominate: Trachea:气管,Rat Dissection,HEART + LUNGS,Source #5,Right auricle:右心耳 Thymus:胸腺 Left phrenic nerve:膈神经 Diaphragm:膈,Rat Dissection,RESPIRATORY ORGANS,Source #1,Rat Dissection,CIRCULATORY ORGANS,Source #1,Circulatory organs:循环器官 R. common carotid A.:右颈总动脉 R

16、. Subclavian A.右锁骨下动脉 Innominate A.: R. Atrium:右心房 R.Lung:右肺 Esophagus：食管 Aorta:主动脉 Diaphragm：膈 R.:right L.:left A.:arterial 动脉的,Rat Dissection,HEART,Source #5,Right auricle:右心耳 Right ventricle:右心室 Left pulmonary artery:左肺动脉 Left auricle:左心耳,Rat Dissection,CIRCULATORY ORGANS,Source #1,Dorsal：背侧的 sup

17、erior mesenteric A.:肠系膜上动脉 Coeliac A.:腹主动脉 R. Renal V.:右肾静脉 Inferior vena cava:下腔静脉 Kidney:肾脏 Ovary:卵巢 Dorsal aorta:背主动脉 Uterus:子宫 R. Common iliac A.:右髂总动脉 R. Iliolumbar V.右髂腰静脉 R. Ovarian V.右卵巢静脉,Rat Dissection,UROGENITAL ORGANS,Source #1,Urogenital system:泌尿生殖系统 Kidney：肾脏 Ovary:卵巢 Cornua of uterus

18、:子宫角,Rat Dissection,Source #5,EXCRETORY ORGANS,Pelvis:肾盂 Renal V.:肾静脉 Cortex:皮质 Medulla:髓质,Rat Dissection,Source #5,UROGENITAL ORGANS,Right kidney:右肾 Uterine horn with feluses:有胚胎的子宫角 Right ureter:右输尿管 Bladder:膀胱 Left adrenal gland:左肾上腺 Rectum:直肠,Rat Dissection,1.Trachea：气管 2.Heart：心脏 3.Lung：肺脏 4.Di

19、aphragm：膈,Source #2,THORACIC CAVITY,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Right Atrium：右心房 2.Right Ventricle：右心室 3.Left Atrium：左心房 4.Left Ventricle：左心室,Source #2,HEART,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1.Jugular Vein：颈静脉 2.Carotid Artery：颈动脉 3.Superior Vena Cava：上腔静脉 4.Ascending Aorta：升主动脉

20、 5.Atrium (right)：心房（右） 6.Ventricles ：心室,THORACIC CIRCULATION,Source #2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,You should be familiar with the order of the parts of the alimentary canal. Following the path that food would take, we would pass through:熟悉消化道膈部分的顺序和名称。下图标明食物通过消化道的顺序： Oral Cavity口腔 Phar

21、ynx咽 Esophagus食管 Stomach胃 Pyloric Sphincter幽门括约肌 Small Intestine小肠 Duodenum十二指肠 Jejunum空肠 Ileum回肠 Large Intestine大肠 Cecum盲肠 Colon 结肠 - Ascending Limb升支 - Transverse Limb 横支 - Descending Limb降支 Rectum直肠 Anus肛门,Source #1,ABDOMINAL CAVITY 腹腔,Rat Dissection,1. Liver肝 2. Stomach胃 3. Pancreas胰脏 4. Duodenu

22、m十二指肠 5. Small Intestines小肠 6. Cecum盲肠 7. Urinary Bladder膀胱,Source #2,ABDOMINAL CAVITY 腹腔,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1. Abdominal Aorta腹主动脉 2. Renal Artery (left)肾动脉（左） 3. Renal Vein (left) 肾静脉（左） 4. Inferior Vena Cava 下腔静脉 5. Hepatic Portal Vein肝门静脉,ABDOMINAL CIRCULATION 腹部血液循环,Source

23、#2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,1. Coagulating Gland凝固腺 2. Urinary Bladder膀胱 3. Vas Deferens输精管 4. Epididymis附睾 5. Small Intestines小肠 6. Seminal Vesicle精囊腺 7. Prostate Gland前列腺 8. Penis阴茎 9. Testis睾丸 10.Scrotum阴囊,MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS 雄性生殖器官,Source #2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Disse

24、ction,Stomach胃 Kidney肾 Ovary卵巢 Oviduct输卵管 Uterine Horn 子宫角 Large Intestine大肠 Urinary Bladder膀胱,FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS雌性生殖器官,Source #2,Review and Quiz Yourself,Rat Dissection,10. 13. 15.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source #7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Biceps Brachii肱二头肌,Masseter嚼肌,Rib Cage胸廓,Rat Dissection,5. 9.

25、 22. 27.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source #7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Heart心脏,Trachea气管,Lung肺,Esophagus食管,3. 7. 8. 11. 17. 18.,Rat Dissection,TAGGED ORGANS,Source #7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Cecum盲肠,Small Intestine小肠,Ovary卵巢,Diaphragm膈,Liver肝,Spleen脾,Rat Dissection,24. 26.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source #7,Review and Qui

26、z Yourself,Uterine Horn子宫角,Urinary Bladder 膀胱,Rat Dissection,1. 6. 20. 23. 25.,TAGGED ORGANS,Source #7,Review and Quiz Yourself,Ureter输尿管,Kidney肾,Rectum直肠,Stomach胃,Adrenal Gland肾上腺,Rat Dissection,Toward the midline朝中线方向 Toward the back (upper surface of body)朝向背部（动物身体的上表面） Toward the tail朝向尾部 Toward

27、 the side朝向两边 Farthest from the point of attachment附着点的最远端 Toward the belly (underside of body)朝向腹部（动物身体的下表面） Closest to the point of attachment附着点附近 Toward the head朝向头部,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT FUNCTION:,Caudal尾侧,Lateral外侧,Cranial颅侧,Proximal近端,Ventral腹侧,Distal远端,Dorsal背侧,Medial内侧,Heres a

28、word bank to help you out: Caudal Cranial Distal Dorsal Lateral Medial Proximal Ventral,ANATOMICAL TERMS解剖术语,Rat Dissection,The term referring to bending of a joint 关节弯曲的术语 The term referring to movement of an appendage toward the long axis of the body四肢向身体长轴方向移动的术语 The term referring to straighteni

29、ng of a joint关节处伸直的术语 The term referring to movement of an appendage away from the long axis of the body四肢向身体长轴反方向移动的术语,ANATOMICAL TERMS解剖术语,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT FUNCTION:,Adduction内收,Flexion俯屈,Abduction外展,Extension伸展,Rat Dissection,The whiskers, which have a sensory function 有感知功能的胡须

30、The flap-like external ear that directs sound waves into the ear opening收集声波片状的外耳 Paired openings leading into the nose鼻子的一对导气孔 Organs of the thoracic and abdominal cavities胸腔腹腔里的组织 A partition or wall separating 2 cavities分割两腔的隔膜 A membrane which suspends the organs支持器官的膜 Shiny membrane that lines

31、the abdominal cavity腹腔光滑的膜,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Vibrissae触须,Pinna耳郭,Nares鼻孔,Mesentery肠系膜,Septum隔膜,Viscera内脏,Peritoneum腹膜,Heres a word bank to help you out: Mesentery Nares Peritoneum Pinna Septum Vibrissae Viscera,ORGAN FUNCTION 器官功能,Rat Dissection,Abducts the thigh大腿向外侧运动 Exten

32、ds the forelimb前肢伸直 Constricts the abdomen腹部收缩 Closes the jaw关闭下颚 Adducts the thigh大腿内侧运动 Flexes the forelimb前肢弯曲 Draws the forelimb toward the chest前肢向胸侧运动 Extends the foot伸脚 Moves the forelimb dorsally + caudally前肢向背部和尾部运动,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT MUSCLE:,Biceps Femoris股二头肌,Triceps Brach

33、ii肱三头肌,External Obliques腹外斜肌,Biceps Brachii肱二头肌,Gracilis股薄肌,Masseter咬肌,Pectoralis Major胸大肌,Heres a word bank to help you out: Biceps Brachii Biceps Femoris External Obliques Gastrocnemius Gluteus Maximus Gracilis Latissimus Dorsi Masseter Pectoralis Major Triceps Brachi,or,Gluteus Maximums 臀大肌,Gastr

34、ocnemius腓肠肌,Latissimus Dorsi背阔肌,ORGAN FUNCTION 器官功能,Rat Dissection,Produces WBCs (White blood cells)产白细胞 Moves food in mouth and tastes将食物移入嘴里，品尝 Organs for gas exchange换气的器官 Windpipe leading from pharynx to lungs由咽到肺的管道 Bony anterior roof of mouth口腔前骨顶 Muscular sheet that separates the thoracic and

35、 abdominal cavities分开胸腔与腹腔的肌肉层 Incisors (biting) and molars (grinding)剪切和磨食物 Muscular posterior roof of mouth口腔顶尾部肌肉 Affects metabolic rate and body growth 影响新陈代谢率和身体成长,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Tongue舌头,Lungs肺,Diaphragm横膈膜,Hard Palate硬腭,Trachea气管,Teeth牙齿,Heres a word bank to help yo

36、u out: Diaphragm Hard Palate Lungs Soft Palate Teeth Thymus Gland Thyroid Gland Tongue Trachea,Thymus Gland胸腺,Soft Palate软腭,Thyroid Gland甲状腺,ORGAN FUNCTION 器官功能,Rat Dissection,Produces insulin for glucose metabolism产生胰岛素的地方 Aids in digestion of proteins帮助蛋白质消化的地方 Food tube from pharynx to stomach将食物

37、由咽部运送至胃的导管 Digests and absorbs nutrients营养物质的消化吸收的地方 Folds in stomach that help mix food胃里帮助碾碎食物的摺 Secretes bile, cleans blood, stores glycogen分泌胆汁，净化血液，储存糖原 Cleans blood, removes old RBCs净化血液，清除年老的红细胞 Reabsorption of water水重吸收 Blind pouch where ileum joins colon回肠与结肠连接处的盲段 End of intestines, compac

38、tion of feces消化道尾端，压缩排泄物,Review and Quiz Yourself,NAME THAT ORGAN:,Stomach胃,Esophagus食道,Liver肝,Rugae胃皱褶,Small Intestines小肠,Spleen脾,Heres a word bank to help you out: Cecum Esophagus Large Intestine Liver Pancreas Small Intestine Spleen Stomach Rectum Rugae,Pancreas胰腺,Large Intestine大肠,Cecum盲肠,Rectum直肠,ORGAN FUNCTION 器官功能,Rat Dissection,Removes wastes + excess H20 from blood将血液中的废物和多余的水除去的地方 Houses developing fetuses胎儿生长的地方 Produces and stores sperm储存精子的地方 Stores urine before excretion尿