高中英语语法归纳总结

1、高中英语语法权限分析目录：第01章名词子句第02章“It”的使用和句型及固定说明第03章高中英语语法的省略第04章主谓匹配第05章动词不定式第06章翻转结构第07章attributive子句第08章被动语态第09章命令区第十章感叹词第11章疑问句第十二章名词第一章名词节在句子中起名词作用的句子称为名词子句。名词子句的功能相当于名词短语。这可以在复合句中担当主语、宾语、表语、同义语、介词宾语等，因此名词从句可以根据句子的其他语法功能分别称为主语、宾语、表语从句、动句。一.主语子句主语子句是复合句子中作为主语的子句，通常被主语、谓语动词之前或形式主语代替，本身放在句子的末尾。1.形式主语和it引导

2、强句的比较It主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语子句的连接性没有变化的形式主语。It领导的强有力的短语是强调句子的一部分，无论强调什么成分，都可以使用连接词that。部分指人时也可以使用who/whom。例如：a)it is a pity that you didn t go to see the film。不看那部电影真可惜。b)it doesn t interest me whether you succed or not。我对你的成功与否不感兴趣。c)it is in the morning that the murder took place。杀人事发生在早上。(强调句型)D) It is

3、John that broke the window。John打破的窗口。(强调句型)2.使用it作为格式主题的结构(1) it is名词子句It is a fact that.事实是.It is an honor that.非常荣幸It is通用知识文库that.常识吧(2) it is形容词子句It is natural that .很自然地.It is strange that .奇怪的是.(3) it is自动动词子句It seems that .就像.It happened that .偶然.It appears that .就像.(4) it过去分词子句It is reported

4、 that .据报道.It has been proved that .已确认.It is said that .听着.主语从句不能放在句子开头的5种情况下：(1)if诱导主语不能位于复句的开头。(2) it is said/reported.不能提前结构的主语子句。例如：精确表达：it is said that president Jiang will visit our school next week。表达无效：that president Jiang will visit our school next week is said。(3) it happens/occurs.不能提前结构

5、的主语子句。例如：精确表达：it occurred to him that he failed in the examination。表达无效：that he failed in the examination occurred to him。(4) it doesnt matter how/whether.不能提前结构的主语子句。例如：精确表达：it doesn t matter whether he is wrong or not .表达无效：whether he is wrong or not doesn t matter。(5)包含主语子句的复合句是疑问句时，主语子句不能提前。例如：精

6、确表达：is it likey that it will rain in the evening？表达无效：is that will rain in the evening likey？引导主题节时what和that的区别What在传递主语子句时句子中的主语和宾语。像标语一样作为句子成分活动，that则不然。例如：A) What you said yesterday is right。b)that she is still alive is a consoration二.宾语从句宾语从句是复合句中用作宾语的名词条款，通常位于主要句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.动词的宾语(1) that引

7、导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略)例如：I heard that be joined the army .听说他参军了。(2) what，whether (if)引出的宾语从句，例如：a)shed not know what happened。她不知道发生了什么。b)I wonder whether you can change this note for me。我想知道能不能换笔记。(3)动词间接宾语从句。例如：shetold me that she would accept my invitation。她告诉我她会接受我的邀请。作为介词的对象(例如：our success depends

8、 upon howwell we can cooperate with one another。我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。作为形容词的对象(例如：I am afraid(that)I ve made a mistake。我好像犯了错误。注：that包括anxious、aware、certain、confident、convt、determined、glad、progd、surprised、worried也可以把这样的单词后的that子句看作是原因状语从句。It可以用作格式对象It不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语来写，实际宾语that子句放在句子的末尾，特别是在有复合宾语的句子中。

9、例如：we heard it that she would get married next month。我听说她下一个朋友要结婚了。不能直接跟在that子句的动词后面这些动词包括allow，refuse，let，like，cause，force，adme，condemn，celebrate，dislike，love，help，这样的词可以用不定式或名词作为宾语，但不能用that引导的宾语从句。例如：正确表达：I admire their winning the match。表达无效：I admire that they won the match。不能用that子句作为直接宾语的动词有些动词

10、在“动词间接宾语+that子句”的“结构中通常是envy，order，accuse，refuse，impress，forgive，blame，denounce，advise”例如：精确表达：he impressed the manager as an honest man。表达无效：he impressed the manager that he was an honest man。7.负迁移如果主句谓语动词是think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，那么其后的宾语从句包含否定的意思，通常是否定的单词在主句谓语中，子句

11、谓语则是例如：I don t think this dress fits you well。我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。三.剽窃表语从句在复合句中用作表语的名词制，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语-连用动词表语从句”。能接触表语从句的连接动词有be、look、remain、seem等。引导标语子句的that经常可以省略。另外，常用的是the reason is that .还有一些结构，如和It is because。例如：1)the question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time。2)this is w

12、hy we can t get the support of the people .3)but the fact remains that we are behind the other classes。4)更多reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus。四。同位素节Appositive子句是复合句子中用作名词的同义词的名词制。1.appositive子句的功能同义句进一步说明名词，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。例如：(1)the king s decision that the prisoner wou

13、ld be set free surprised all the people .2)the order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general .2.同义词在句子中的位置肛门有时可以被其他词分开，而不是附在它所描述的名词后面。例如：he got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off .Appositive条款和attributive子句之间的区别(1) attributive子句中的that用作子句的组件(主题或对象)，而不是前置语，

14、appositive子句中的that作为连接词，只起到连接主句子和子句的作用，不能作为句子的任何组件。(2) attributive子句是形容词，其功能是修改前置任务，限定前置任务，描述固定的性格或特征。Appositive子句是名词形式，其功能是对名词的补充。例如：1)the news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year。(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年要出国。(第一个that诱导子句是attributive子句，that是子句中的宾语)2)the news that Tom would go abroad is told b

15、y him .(汤姆要出国的消息是他说的。(appositive子句，that不在句子中创建任何组件)高中英语名词子句特别练习1._ _ _ _ he does has nothing to do with me。A.whatever B. no matter whatc。that D. if2.the manager came over and asked the customer how _ _ _ _A.did the quarel came about b . the quarel had comaboutC.had the quarel comabout d . had the quarel comabout3 3.Energy is _makes t