八年级unit1GrammarFocus

1、一般过去时,定义: 一般过去时指在过去的某一时刻发生的事情或存在的状态。,主要时间状语: 判断句子是否应使用一般过去时主要看句中所包含的时间状语。典型的标示过去的时间状语有：yesterday, yesterday morning, last night, in 1995, three days ago,1. 陈述句 sb. did sth. (主语+动词过去式) Tina went to the aquarium. 2. 一般疑问句 (助v.) Did + sb.(主语) + do(原形)? -Did Tina go to the aquarium? -Yes, she did. / No,

2、 she didnt.,一般过去时的句子结构,3. 特殊疑问句 What +(助v.) did +sb.(主语)+do(原形)? What did Tina do on her school trip?,一般过去时的用法,1) 在一般过去时中, 原来一般现在时中的 am 和 is要改为was; are改为were; 2)和一般现在时一样, 一般过去时中的动词 be在构成疑问句时, 只要把 were或was放 在主语前, 句尾加问号即可;构成否定句时， 只须在was 或were 后面加not; was not = wasnt were not= werent,You are at school

3、every day. (一般现在时) You were at school yesterday. (一般过去时) -Were you at school yesterday? -Yes, I was. / No, I wasnt. 肯定回答和否定回答时态要与问句中 的时态一致。,3. 如果陈述句中的动词为一般过去时的 实义动词, 变成疑问句时, 要用助动词do 的过去一般式did帮助构成, 这时谓语 动词用动词原形。 We had different kinds of seafood yesterday. Did you have different kinds of seafood yest

4、erday?,动词过去时的变化规则,1) 一般情况下, 在动词原形末尾加-ed; 2) 结尾是字母e 的动词加-d, 如 practice practiced； 3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y” 的动词, 变“y”为“i” 再加ed, 如study studied; 4) 重读闭音节结尾, 双写动词尾的辅音字母， 再加ed, 如stop stopped。,go take have eat hang see,went took had ate hung saw,动词原形 动词过去式,动词原形 动词过去式,lived did cried put watched visited played dropp

5、ed planned,live do cry put watch visit play drop plan,get are am, is move decide study stop copy,got were was moved decided studied stopped copied,动词原形 动词过去式,不定代词,定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 常见的有：some， somebody， someone， something， any， anybody，anyone， anything ，no, nobody， no one， nothing all， bot

6、h， neither， none， either，each， every， everybody， everyone， everything，other， another， much， many， few ， a few， little， a little，one等等。,不定代词的用法,1.some和any既可以修身可数名词复数，也可以修身不可数名词。 1).some多用于肯定句，any用于否定句，疑问句和条件从句。 Eg: Is there any water in the bottle? 注意：希望得到别人肯定的回答时问句中也要用some而不用 any。 Eg: Would you like some tea? 2. 许多：many, much, a lot of,many 修饰可数名词复数 much 修饰不可数名词 a lot of 即可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名 词 3.few 修饰可数名词复数 a few little 修饰不可数名词 a little,“几乎没有”