2009高考英语专题指导课件定语从句考点透视

1、,2009高考英语专题指导课件： 定语从句考点透视,一个句子充当定语称之为定语从句。被修饰限定的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。定语从句可分为两种，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。,基本概念,关系词,关系代词,关系副词,that which whom whose as,when why,who,where,正确使用关系 词,主语 宾语 表语 定语,状语,指 代,人或物,功 能,指 代,时间 地点 原因,功 能,(只有that,why不能引导非限制性从句),关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但哪些情况只能用that?,考点一,在以下几种场合只能用

2、that,A.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定 代词修饰All that can be done has been done. B.先行词兼有指人和指物的名词 C.先行词(指物)被 the very, the only, the next, the last 等修饰 D.先行词(指物)被形容词最高级和序数词修饰 This is the best TV that is made in China. E. 当主句是which/who引导的特殊疑问句 Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?,有哪些情况关系代词不用that，而用which

3、，who，whom?,考点二,1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom.,He made the same mistakes again ,_ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_ cost me more than 100 yuan . Mr Smith,_ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,_ I havent met for a long ti

4、me.,which,which,who,whom,Fill in the blanks,1.Her bag ,in which she put all her money, has been stolen. 2.This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang ,with whom I went to the concert, enjoyed himself very much.,2、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用whom.,在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词?,考点三,1. The girl _ whom h

5、e had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. 2. He is the man _ whom I think you can depend . 3. He referred to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配,for,on,with,Fill in the blanks,方法2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配,1.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he

6、could see what was going on outside the house. 2.The librarian _whom I just shook hands works heart and soul.,through,with,方法3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配,1.The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased. 2.This is our classroom ,_（在前面） which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,名词/

7、代词/数词+ of +which/whom知多少?,考点四,1.The committee consists of 20 members and5 of them are women. 2.The book contains 50 poems, and most of them were written in 1930s. 3.I have a sentence ,and the meaning of it I dont understand.,The committee consists of 20 members ,5 of whom are women.,The book contain

8、s 50 poems, most of which were written in 1930s.,I have a sentence , the meaning of which I dont understand.,Rewrite the following sentences,名词/代词/数词+ of 表示物用which 表示人用whom,Conclusion,如何恰当使用when ,where , why与which, that引导的定语从句?,考点五,1. 先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句.when ,where, why在从句中

9、作状语 相当于相应的介词+which,2. 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。,Conclusion,The library _ you visited yesterday was built in 1990.,This is the town _I spent my childhood.,where/in which,which/that,Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you.,when/on which,wh

10、ich/that,This is the reason _ I didnt come here.,why / for which,The reason _ she gave was not true.,which/that,如何用好whose 引导的定语从句?,考点六,whose表示所属关系,The river _ banks are covered with trees flows to the sea.,whose,There are in this class 20 students, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrou

11、nds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,as 和 which 的区别知多少？,考点七,as引导的限制性定语从句,此时先行词前常被such,the same, so,as 修饰， 即构成suchas , the same as, soas, asas 结构，做题时容易 忽略。 提示：在做有关定语从句题目时，如果选项中 出现as, 请先考虑是否考查as 引导的定语 从句。,as 作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语.,1、用于非限制性定语从句时，可以指

12、代整个主句的内容，as 和which 可以换用。 He left her, as/ which was strange. 2、as 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句可置于句首，句中和句尾。 As everyone knows, Tom is good at English. 3、非限制性定语从句中谓语为被动时，常用as 作主语。 as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ discussed等。 As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China. 4、as引导非限制

13、性定语从句，有“正如”的含义，因此，下列句式中多用as:,： as is well known/ is known to all as has been said before as has been already pointed out as we all can see as is expected/ hoped/ supposed,. as is often the case ,as引导非限制性定语从句常见结构有,众所周知,如前所述,正如已经指出的,正如我们所看到的,正如所盼望的/ 希望的/料想的,情况常常如此,5、which 引导非限制定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句只能置于句尾。

14、 The decision was right, which was exactly what he wanted. 6、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句中的一个词（先行词）从句置于先行词后，可在句中或句尾。 The football match, which I watched yesterday, is very interesting. 7、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，从句的谓语带有宾语，有的还带宾语补足语。 That things improved, which astonished me. 8、which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容从

15、句为否定式或带否定前缀的形容词。 He was married again, which was unexpected.,1.定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性。试比较： He is the only one of the students who was here just now. He is one of the students who were here just now. 2.定语从句与并列结构。试比较： He has two sons, neither of whom looks like him. He has two sons, and neither of them loo

16、ks like him.,考点八定语从句运用中的注意点,3、是用the one还是用that , which, where. （1）Is this school _ you study? （2）Is this the school _ you study in? （3）Is this the school _ you study? （4）Is this school _ is a senior one? A. that/which B. where C. the one D. the one where E. the one that / which 遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再看主句是

17、否缺少表语。若缺表语，则必须用the one的形式，接着再看the one在从句中作什么成分，若作状语，则必须用the one where，若作主语或宾语时，则用the one (that/ which),D,A,B,E,4、是用when还是用that, which （1）May 1 is the day _ we spent together. （2）May 1 is the day _i joined the army. A. that/ which B. when 当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when, 若作主语或宾语时，就用that/ which.,A,B,5. whe

18、re引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。如： 1)Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2)Hes got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane. 在这两句中，where 引导的定语从句分别 修饰point和situation, 表示抽象意义“到了某种地 步，在某种境况中”。,6、定语从句与强调结构的区别 （1）It was in this house _ he was born. （2）It was this house _ he was born. （3）It was in the house _ he used to live in that the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. which D. there 判断是否是强调结构的方法是去掉it is /was that, 若整个句子结构和意义不受影响，则为强调