人教版英语必修一Unit5词汇

1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero,quality n. （1） U,C质，质量，品质 Quality is more important that quantity. （2）C性质，特性，特点 One quality of wood is that it can burn. （3）C品德，品性 You need some special personal qualities to work as a nurse.,注意： （1）quality作“品性”讲时，经常指一个人性格（character）中美好的部分。 （2）表示某物“具有的质量”时用介词of. E

2、g: This new model is of high quality and is not expensive. 拓展： of good quality 上等的，优质的 of poor quality 劣等的，劣质的,mean adj. vt. （1）adj. 吝啬的，小气的 搭配：be mean with/about sth 对于吝啬的 She is always mean with/about money. （2）adj. （人或其行为）卑鄙的，刻薄的 搭配： be mean to sb/sth 对某人/某物刻薄的 Dont be so mean to your classmates.

3、 It is mean of you to tease him.,（3）adj. 熟练的；出色的 搭配： be no mean 了不起，很出色 He is a mean tennis player. His mother was a painter, and he is no mean artist himself. （4） vt. 意思是；意味着；表示意思 搭配： mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着；意思是 But I didnt mean to hurt you. Missing the bus means walking home.,activ

4、e adj. （1） 积极的 搭配： be active in sth 在方面积极地 take an active part in sth 积极参与某事 They were both politically active. （2）（尤指体力上）忙碌的，活跃的 She is very active in the local business circle. （3）（思想上）充满活力的，活跃的 That child has a very active imagination.,generous adj. （1）慷慨的，大方的 搭配：be generous with 在某方面慷慨 be genero

5、us in doing sth 乐于做某事 It was generous of him to offer to pay for us both. （2）宽宏大量的，宽厚的，仁慈的 She has a generous mind/spirit. 注意：generous和其他修饰人的形容词clever, stupid, smart, kind等一样，常与of 一起构成不定式复合结构： Its + adj. + of sb + to do sth.,devote vt. 献身，致力，专心 搭配： devote oneself to 献身于 devote ones life/time to sb/s

6、th 把生命/时间献给 devote ones energy to 奉献精力于 devote sth to sth 把用于 She devoted herself to her career and never married all her life. He devoted his life to promoting world peace.,注意：在devoteto和 be devoted to中的to均为介词，其后接名词，代词和动名词等做宾语。 devoted adj. 忠实的，深爱的，是形容词，可用作定语或表语，可以构成短语be devoted to，该结构可以在句中做状语，如： De

7、voted to his research, he didnt notice the teacher entered the room.,found vt. (founded, founded) （1）创立，创建 The hospital was founded in 1920. （2）建立在基础上，（建筑物）建立在上 The castle is founded on solid rocks.,principle n. C 法则；原则；原理 Discussing all these details will get us nowhere, we must get back to first p

8、rinciples. 注意： principle的复数形式表示“道德原则”“行为准则”或“规范”。 I refuse to lie about it; its against my principles. 拓展： in principle 原则上，理论上；大体上，基本上 on principle 根据原则 first principles 基本原则,peaceful adj. （1）和平的 We suggested a peaceful settlement of the crisis. （2）爱好和平的，寻求和平的 China is a peaceful nation. （3）安静的，宁静的

9、，安宁的 That was a peaceful night.,guidance n U 指导；领导；引导 搭配： under ones guidance 在某人的指导/领导下 guidance on sth 对某事的指导 You should do it under his guidance. Thats guidance for teachers on how to use video in class. 拓展： with/under ones guidance = with/under the guidance of sb = under ones direction 在某人的指导下,l

10、egal adj. （1）法律的，与法律有关的（仅作前置定语） 搭配： the legal profession 法律专业 a legal adviser 法律顾问 （2）法律允许的；合法的；法律要求的 Whos the legal owner of the house?,out of work 失业 = out of employment Now that she is out of work, Lucy has been considering going back to school, but she hasnt decided. 拓展： in work 有工作 go to work 去

11、上班,hopeful adj. （1）（人）抱有希望的，满怀希望的（一般作表语） 搭配： be hopeful about sth be hopeful that 对某事满怀希望的 be hopeful of doing sth 希望做某事 I feel hopeful that well find a suitable house very soon. （2）表现出希望的（只作前置定语） He was the most hopeful candidate for the presidency.,（3）带来希望的，给人以希望的（多指事情） The future did not seem ver

12、y hopeful. youth n. （1）U 青少年时期 I spent my youth in the country. （2） C 青年男子；小伙子 There are groups of youths playing basketball over there.,（3）青年人（总称）（常加the） The youth of the nation is/are polite in general. 注意： the youth是年轻人的统称，表示复数含义，作主语时谓语动词用复数或单数形式都可以。 league n. C 联盟；同盟；联合会 the League of Nations 国际

13、联盟,stage n. （1）时期，阶段，状态 The children are at different stages of development. （2）段，步，步骤 We did the first stage of the trip by train. （3）舞台 The audience threw flowers onto the stage. （4）（政治等活动中的）领域，舞台 She was forced to the center of the political stage.,vote （1） 投票；表决 Congress voted to increase foreig

14、n aid by 10%. （2） n. C 投票，表决 The result of the vote were surprising. 拓展： vote for sb 投票支持某人 vote against sb 投票反对,attack （1） vt.袭击，攻击 At dawn the army attacked the town. （2） vt. 抨击，非难 There is a newspaper article attacking the England football coach. （3） vt. 侵袭，损害 搭配： be attacked with 患病 He is very s

15、ad because his mother is attacked with cancer.,（4） n. C,U 攻击，进攻，袭击 搭配： make an attack on/upon sb/sth 对某人/某事发起进攻；攻击某人/某事 under attack 受到攻击 There is a series of racial attacks recently. （5）C（疾病的）发作，侵袭 搭配： a panic attack 一阵恐慌 My grandpa often suffers a heart attack.,violence n. （1） U 暴力行为 They expresse

16、d their anger with some violence. （2） 猛烈；激情；激烈的力量 The violence of her feelings surprised him. 拓展： do violence to 伤害，损害,as a matter of fact （1）事实上；其实；说真的 Its a nice place. Weve stayed there ourselves, as a matter of fact. （2）（表示不同意）事实上，其实 He doesnt mind. As a matter of fact, hes pleased.,blow up （1）

17、vt. 炸毁，（使）炸得粉碎 The soldiers blew up the factory. （2） vt. 吹胀，给充气，打气 Stop at the gas station and well blow up the tyres. （3） vi. （恶劣天气）来临 It looks as if theres a storm blowing up.,equal （1） adj. 相等的 The two desks are of equal size. （2）adj. 平等的 All men are born equal. （3） adj. 胜任的，能对付的 Im not equal to

18、the task. （4） n. C 同等之人或事物 In spelling, she had no equals.,in trouble 处于困境或险境 Hes in trouble with the police. We should lend a hand to those in trouble. 拓展： get into trouble 陷入困境 get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境 be in trouble with 有问题（麻烦）,willing adj. （1）愿意的，乐意的 一般作表语， be willing to do sth （2）自愿的，乐于相助的，通

19、常做定语 willing volunteers 志愿工作者 turn to 向某人求助；致力于；转身 If you have any question, turn to me for help. 注意：turn to 中的to为介词，因此其后跟名词，代词或动名词。,release （1） vt. 释放，放走；放开，松开 搭配： release sb/sth from sth 从释放某人或某物 He refused to release her arm. （2）n. 释放；获释 She expects an early release from prison.,lose heart 丧失信心；泄

20、气 Dont lose heart; all will turn out well. lose ones heart to sb/sth 爱上某人或某物 He lost his heart to Mary at the first sight.,escape （1）逃跑，逃出；摆脱；逃避 （常与介词from连用） He escaped from prison this morning. （2）vt. 避开，避免 搭配： escape sth 避开某事 escape doing sth 避免做某事,educate vt. 教育；培养；训练 搭配： educate sb. 教育某人 educate

21、 sb to do sth 教育某人做某事 educate sb about/on sth 就某事教育某人,come to power = come into power 上台，执政 When he came to/into power, he broke his promise of reducing tax. 注意： come to/into power 为终止性短语，不可与时间段连用；与其对应的延续性短语为be in power.,beg vi. (begged, begged, begging) （1） 恳求，乞求 搭配： beg sb for sth （向某人）乞求 beg sth of/from sb 向某人乞求（恳求） beg sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事 beg