省略句 高中英语语法高三总复习

1、一、 简单句中的省略,1、省略主语： 祈使句中主语通常省略，其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。 e.g. (I) Thank you for your help. (I) See you tomorrow. (It) Doesnt matter. How are you? (Im) Fine, thanks.,2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。 e.g. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?,3、省略宾语 Do you know Mr. Li? I dont kno

2、w (him).,4、省略表语。 e.g. - Are you thirsty? - Yes, I am (thirsty). 5、感叹句根据上下文的省略。 e.g. What a wonderful film (it is)! (Its) Simply impossible! How beautiful (it is) !,6、省略介词： e.g. The old man had no difficulty (in ) finding his house. 一些固定词组： 1) have a hard time (in) doing sth. 2) waste time (in) doing

3、 sth. 3) spend (in) doing sth. 4) prevent/stop(from), be busy (in) doing, 5) be engaged (in) doing, 6) theres no use (in) doing,We have lived here (for) ten years. 在否定句中不可省略 I havent seen you for three months.,7、名词所有格后面的名词，如果是表示住宅，店铺，教堂或者上下文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时常省略。 e.g. At her sisters (house), she spent a

4、 pleasant weekend. 8、 连词的省略： not only but (also), whether (or not), so (that),9、同时省略几个部分 - Have you finished your work? - (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.,二、并列句中的省略,在并列句中，后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。 My office was on the tenth floor, and his (office was) on the twelfth (floor). They dont agree with you

5、, neither do I. She was poor but (she was) honest.,出现在并列句中的be, have, do,如果在一个分句中作助动词，而在另一个分句中作行为动词，不可省略. The man has a gun and has threatened to use it. Mary did the work but did not finish it.,三、主从复合句中的省略,1.状语从句的省略 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a gove

6、rnment office.,当从句主语是 It,谓语动词有含有系动词be时,可以把 it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（ if ， unless, when， where, whenever）+形容词的结构。 Unless（it is ）necessary，youd better not refer to the dictionary.,2.定语从句的省略 在限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom可省略。 e.g. He is one of the man (whom) I can trust. This is the best way (that) we sho

7、uld choose. 修饰way或reason的关系副词that (=in which)或why可以省略。 This is the way (that/in which) he studies. I want to know the reason (why) he was late.,3.宾语从句中的省略 在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，一半可以省略连词that，但当及物动词之后跟有并列连词and连的两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可省略，后边that不能省。 He told me (that) she was a beautiful girl and that she w

8、as clever. 引导主语从句，同位语从句和表语从句的that不能省.,4. 虚拟语气中if及should的省略 在虚拟条件句中，如含有had, were, should等时，if可省略，句子倒装。 e.g. Should it rain tomorrow, you would have to put off your tour.,情态动词should的省略 一“坚持”(insist)、 二“命令”(order,command)、 三“建议”(propose,suggest,advise)、 四“要求”(ask,demand,request,require)。 动词(包括与这些动词相关的形

9、式如suggestion等)后面的【宾语从句】，无论过去、现在、将来，谓语动词的形式都只能为“should+动词原形”(should可以省略)。 2、“Her pale face suggests that she is ill.”这句话中“suggest”的意思是“暗示，表明”，即事实为怎样，后面的that从句不需要用虚拟语气。类似的还有insist，当译为“坚持说”时，后面的that从句也不需要用虚拟语气。,5. 动词不定式省略，只保留to. 不定式作某些动作的宾语时，这些动作常见的有： want, wish, expect, hope, like, love, care, try, fo

10、rget, decide, prefer, mean, intend, plan, advise, agree, afford, remember, manage, refuse 等 You should have thanked her before you left. I meant to. But when I was leaving I couldnt find her any where.,不定式作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语是，这些动词常见的有： tell, ask, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, e

11、xpect, order, want, expect, warn等 She wants to come but her parents wont allow her to.,不定式在句中作某些形容词的状语时，常见的形容词有： glad, happy, eager, anxious, willing, ready, pleased, delighted, Could you mind looking after my cat when I am on the business trip? Not at all. I would be happy to., 不定式作某些复合谓语时，常见结构如： b

12、e going to, be about to, be able to, have to, used to, ought to, be supposed to He doesnt like fish but he used to.,如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。 e.g. - Are you an engineer? - No, but I want to be. - He hasnt finished the task yet. - Well, he ought to have. 否定形式的省略用not to,6. 动词不定式符号to的省略 在含有do的名

13、词性从句作主语，或主语中存在定语从句且有实意动词do时，作表语的不定式通常省去。 The only thing you have to do is press the button., 作介词but, except, besides的宾语，前面又有实意动词do时，不定式通常省略to. You have nothing to do now but wait.,当两个或多个不定式并列式，后面的不定式符号可以省略。 The teacher asked us to bring some food, wear more clothes and get there on time. 但有对比关系时不可省略。 Its easier to say than to do., 在would ratherthan等结构中，不定式符号常常要省略。 I would