高考英语阅读理解猜测词义指导课教学设计

1、高考英语阅读理解猜测词义指导课教学设计 侨中英语组赵秋丽 教学年级：高三年级 教学课型：阅读理解猜测词义指导课 教学时长：40 分钟 （一）综合分析 1学生分析 学生已经进入高三英语学习阶段， 从语言知识的积累方面来看， 绝大部分学生完全可以应对 高考的阅读任务。 但是， 部分学生还没有完全养成良好的英语阅读习惯和掌握做阅读理解题 的方法，比如在阅读文章时边阅读边查词典， 碰到生词心理恐惧，不知所措，这些因素都制 约着他们对文章的理解以及答题的速度。 鉴于此， 教师有必要在课堂上帮助他们掌握常用猜 测词义的解题方法，以提高他们的阅读能力。 2题型分析 根据2009 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考

2、试英语科考试大纲对考生阅读能力的要求， 考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中 获取相关信息。考生应能： （1）理解主旨和要义； （2）理解文中具体信息； （3）根据上下文推断生词的词义； （4）作出判断和推理； （5）理解文章的基本结构； （6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 （二）教学重点及难点： 让学生学会使用正确的做题方法及技巧， 规范做题习惯，学会如何从整篇文章把握， 对特定 细节以及复杂句子的理解方面提高学生的归纳，推理，判断能力， 学会如何从上下文，上下 句来猜测词义，及如何利用近义词，反义词，及构词法等窍门来来猜测词义 教学方法：演绎归纳

3、法 教学用具：多媒体，黑板，阅读材料试卷 教学过程： 1 Step1:lead-in 向学生讲明高考对阅读能力测试的主要要求及常见题型： 1 1、直接信息题（细节题）、直接信息题（细节题） 2 2、猜测词义题、猜测词义题 3 3、主旨归纳题、主旨归纳题 4 4、推理判断题、推理判断题 Step2:猜测词义题猜测词义题: : 给学生提供例文让他们理解猜测词义的方法与技巧： 根据上下文的说明。根据上下文的说明。 1、 He was one of 80 middle school students from China attending a month-long “Youth Summit” .

4、The summit was to mark the 25th anniversary(周年) of President Nixons journey to China, which was the turning point in China-U. S. relation. The Youth Summit was aimed at increasing understanding and friendship between young students of the two countries through visits and discussions. The words “Yout

5、h Summit” refer to _The words “Youth Summit” refer to _ D_.D_. A. visit to the Nixon LibraryA. visit to the Nixon LibraryB. the Chinese students visit to the U. S.B. the Chinese students visit to the U. S. C. a meeting discussing relations between China and the U. S.C. a meeting discussing relations

6、 between China and the U. S. D. activities to strengthen the tie between the Chinese and American students.D. activities to strengthen the tie between the Chinese and American students. 2 2、A man named Walter Scott had the first “diner” in 1872. It wasnt really a diner.A man named Walter Scott had t

7、he first “diner” in 1872. It wasnt really a diner. It was only a food cart.It was only a food cart. 根据文中说明，根据文中说明，“diner”“diner” 不是小餐馆，而是流动小餐车。不是小餐馆，而是流动小餐车。 、根据文中的解释、根据文中的解释 在在 or, that is, such as, that is to say, in another word, in other wordsor, that is, such as, that is to say, in another word

8、, in other words 这些词或词组后面的部分往往用来解释前面某一个难以理解的词、词组或句这些词或词组后面的部分往往用来解释前面某一个难以理解的词、词组或句 子，括号、破折号在句中常引出注释性词语，通过这些解释和注释，我们可以推断出词的子，括号、破折号在句中常引出注释性词语，通过这些解释和注释，我们可以推断出词的 含义。例如：含义。例如： 1. 1.There are two types of fat, external fat (fat under skin) and internal fat (fat insideThere are two types of fat, exter

9、nal fat (fat under skin) and internal fat (fat inside the body wall) .the body wall) . 2. 2.Before long, many diners stayed open around the clock. In other words, people wereBefore long, many diners stayed open around the clock. In other words, people were able to eat in a diner at any time.able to

10、eat in a diner at any time. 、根据上下文提供的情景。、根据上下文提供的情景。 有时候语境中既没有明确的定义，又没有明确的解释，而是作者制造一种情景，暗示有时候语境中既没有明确的定义，又没有明确的解释，而是作者制造一种情景，暗示 某词所指的性能和特征。比较下面两个句子：某词所指的性能和特征。比较下面两个句子： 1 1、In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearingIn spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing souwesterssouwesters, the storm

11、was so heavy that, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.they were wet through. 2. 2. AnAn easteast oror north-eastnorth-east windwind bringsbrings coldcold drydry weatherweather toto England,England, butbut a a souwestersouwester usually bring rain.usually bring rain. 、根据定语从句提供的信息。、根据定语

12、从句提供的信息。 例：例：The water which enters rivers is calledThe water which enters rivers is called“run off” .“run off” . 、根据文中的列举。、根据文中的列举。 在词组在词组 such as, for example, for instancesuch as, for example, for instance等之后举例说明前面原先不太理解的名词或作进等之后举例说明前面原先不太理解的名词或作进 一步说明。例如：一步说明。例如： Today, many people eat in fast f

13、ood restaurantsToday, many people eat in fast food restaurantssuch as Mc Donalds and Burger King.such as Mc Donalds and Burger King. 、运用同义词关系。、运用同义词关系。 2 例如：例如：1.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.1.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as footbal

14、l. 2. The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little2. The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The littledwelling, however,dwelling, however, looked neglected and cheerless.looked neglected and cheerless. 、运用反义关系。、运用反义关系。 例如：例如：Most women in Ghana-the educated and illiterat

15、e, the urban and rural, theMost women in Ghana-the educated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the youngyoung andand old-workold-work toto earnearn anan incomeincome inin additionaddition toto maintainingmaintaining theirtheir rolesroles asas housewives and mothers.housewives and mothers. 、根据词法中的转

16、化、派生、合成等来猜测词义。、根据词法中的转化、派生、合成等来猜测词义。 e.g.1. Women have equal say in everything.e.g.1. Women have equal say in everything. 2. The colours of England in the spring are unforgettable.2. The colours of England in the spring are unforgettable. 3. The disobediented students were forced to leave school.3.

17、The disobediented students were forced to leave school. 4. 4. BothBoth thethe developeddeveloped andand thethe underdevelopedunderdeveloped shouldshould trytry theirtheir bestbest toto popularize education.popularize education. Step3:长句和难句的理解长句和难句的理解 1. 1. AirAir traveltravel is is suchsuch anan eve

18、rydayeveryday experienceexperience thesethese daysdays thatthat wewe areare notnot surprisedsurprised (when we read about a politician having talks with the Japanese Prime Minister one(when we read about a politician having talks with the Japanese Prime Minister one day, attending a conference in Au

19、stralia the following morning and having to be offday, attending a conference in Australia the following morning and having to be off at midday to sign a trade agreement in Bangkok.) (51at midday to sign a trade agreement in Bangkok.) (51词词) ) 2. It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you2. It is the abil