听辨句子逻辑线索.ppt

1、a,1,Analytical Listening,听辨句子逻辑线索,a,2,Analytical listening,听辨句子逻辑线索 英语句式紧凑，句与句之间有大量的衔接结构。这些衔接结构是句、段、篇的逻辑纽带，是信息构筑的“关节”。正确听辨句间的逻辑线索，是理解句子以及话语的重要一步。 然而在基础阶段的听力训练中，学生大都把注意力集中在理解单个信息上，遇到不熟悉的词或词组，会习惯性地停下来反复思考，而往往忽视了寻找逻辑线索词，难以融会贯通地理解整个信息的意思。,a,3,example,比如，在以下两组SVO结构相似的句子中，一词之差语义却截然相反： A. The economy is re

2、covering; however, the Federal Reserve has left interest rates unchanged. B. The economy is recovering; consequently, the Federal Reserve has left interest rates unchanged.,a,4,To be continued,听力练习中碰到这样的例子，大部分学生都能听到划线的关键词。但往往因为漏听、误听了线索词“however”和“consequently”，无法把关键词串联起来，形成对整体信息的正确理解。如果英语句间的连接形式不常见，

3、学生理解出错的几率就更高。所以，掌握逻辑线索是加深信息理解的关键。,a,5,逻辑关系与标识词,英语造句注重句式的完整和与上下文的衔接，常常运用连接词、关系词、短语以及其他手段将句子连接起来，表达一定的逻辑联系和语义关系。因此，掌握英语中常见的逻辑线索标识词是正确听辨信息逻辑线索的关键。英语句子间的逻辑关系和对应的标识词主要分为以下几类:,a,6,To be continued,先后次序:first of all, next，before, after, previously, simultaneously, eventually, finally 并列关系:and, too, at the s

4、ame time, meanwhile ,in the meantime 递进关系:also, moreover, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that,a,7,To be continued,转折关系:but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, in fact, instead 让步关系:although, though, despite, in spite of, even though 因果关系:so, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, re

5、ason, because, for, due to, accordingly,a,8,To be continued,对照关系:like, similarly, in a similar manner 对比关系:different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely 解释关系:that is to say, in other words, this means,a,9,To be continued,条件关系:if, unless, once, provided that, in

6、case (of), had I known, were this to happen 举例关系:for example, for instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in point 归纳总结:on the whole, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short,a,10,英汉句子结构不同,汉语与英语在句子结构上存在明显不同。汉语造句少用甚至不用任何形式的连接手段，而是依靠分句间隐含的逻辑事理关系来安排语序。但是汉英两种语言都包含以下常

7、见的逻辑关系，即并列、承接、解说、递进、选择、转折、因果、假设、条件、目的等类型。,a,11,结语,由于英语和汉语连接句子、构建意群的方式不同，所以听辨英语和汉语中的句间逻辑关系也各有侧重。英语的难点在听辨连接词和关系代词，而汉语的难点是要依靠上下文，掌握这些分句间的内在的逻辑线索，从而准确判断出讲话人的真实意图，为后来的翻译打好基础。,a,12,练习,你将听到20个句子，请找出每句的逻辑线索词，并判断该句的逻辑关系。,a,13,Words and expressions,Scandinavian adj. D.J.skndnevi:n, -nevjn K.K.skndnevin, -nevjn 北欧诸国的;斯堪的纳维亚的(主要指丹麦、挪威、