科技文体的特点.ppt

1、1.科学技术文体特征及翻译，第二，科学技术文体的类别，科学技术文体可以涵盖所有理论或科学技术的书面语和口语。其中1 .科学技术着作、科学技术论文和报告、实验报告、程序等。各类科技信息和文本信息；科学技术实用手册和操作程序；4.有关科技问题的会谈、会议和对话用语；5.有关科学技术的电影、视频等音频资料的解说等。3、技术英语文体的总纲，重点是叙述逻辑的一致性、表达的清晰度和流畅性；避免文字晦涩，作者避免表露个人感情，避免论证上的主观武断。科学技术英语结构追求简单和准确，不使用夸张、直接、讽刺、反论、双关语、押韵等修辞手段。4，科技风格的一般特征，(1)没有人(Impersonal) (2)公式，正

2、确的概念，名词更多(3)文体朴素，修辞更少(Unadorned in stylistics)广泛使用the signiance of language learning strategies in reading compreh Ension is self-evident。6，2 6，2，色调格式，正确的概念，名词数，1)although The majority of tunnel construction projects have been completed safely，There have，7，3，文体朴素，少花言巧语，1) Like a normal diode，The led

3、 conists of a chip of semi conducting material doped with impurities to creesit should be taken with a meal (e.g .breakfast or dinner)。8、4、逻辑、连接词、分词、1) when discharging，lithium is forced out of the anode()And into the cathode(-)，以及，9，5，每个术语的术语，联合扩展连接扩展接头Phalangeal joint连接节点连接chamber电缆参数lower Rock jo

4、int下杠杆铰接Bed Road bed subgrade Salt bed盐层Rail bedThe author thinks that./the authors have investigated./this paper illustrates.等句子在英语中经常使用。(2)英语科技文章的名词化结构使用得多。(3)时态的变化不明显：没有汉语的动词时态变化。用英语叙述客观事实的几乎千篇一律使用现在。(4)在语音方面，汉语中主动语态更多，英语中被动语态则更多。(5)在汉语和英语的科技文章中，句子结构更复杂。11，科技汉英翻译方法，1)名词化结构2)被动语态的应用3)使用特殊句子和长句，12，

5、1)名词化，表达行动或状态的抽象名词“scientififieting”.(quirk)阿基米德最先发现了固体排水的原理。archi medis first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies。比较：archii medis first discovered the principle that solid bodies coul D displace water。13，合同当事人满意地履行合同义务是扩大业务和扩大合作的前提。a)that both parties fulfillmed The co

6、ntract satis facility will be The basis for The development of business and further cooperation . b)Theillumination intensity determination=determination of the intensity of illumination照明强度测量power transmission relay system=a relay system因为科学技术文章将重点放在叙述性推理上，强调客观正确性。因此，使用被动语态，使用第三人称叙述。16，技术英语常用句型和翻译规

7、则，1，it is supposed that.2，it is reported that.3、it can be cleally seen that.4、it should be noted that.5，It may be safely said that.6、it must be streessed that.7、it has been proved that.8、it was estimated that.9，it will be seen from this that.10，It is generally considered that.17，本文对一些基本概念进行了简要的定量讨论。

8、a brief qualifitative discussion of some basic concepts is presented in this paper . cf . this paper gives/Presents a brief qualifitative discuscussion，18，anaphora解释策略在英语阅读理解中功能的研究，Abstract this case study aimed to explore the use of anaphora resolution strategy in English reading compre hehed(2)wha

9、t is the relationship between anaphora resolution and English reading comprehension？(3)how does anaphora resolution strategy training promote readers English reading comprehension？19，3)使用特殊句子和长句科学文章中经常使用的特定句型，形成不同风格和不同风格的技术风格的区别。1) it.that.句型；2)其他固定结构：定义、比较、分类.显然，润滑的轴承比未润滑的轴承更容易旋转。it is evidant that

10、 a well lubricated bearing turns more easily than a dry one。20，据说古庙和河对岸的那座宝塔是明代的建筑。a . the pago da that stands facing the ancient temple and is separated from each other by the river is said to have been built in the Ming dynasty。b . I T is said that the pago da just across the river from the ancien

11、t temple was built in the Ming dynasty，21，I T目标电子设备广泛用于巨大的威力和多种用途，因此理工科学生应该熟悉电子学的实用知识the great power and versatity of electronic devices and，conequence，Their wide spread application make it imperative that science and enging，22，2)其他固定结构：定义、比较、分类.计算机可以分为模拟计算机和数字计算机两种。computers may be classified into

12、analog and digital。不锈钢是防腐合金。stainiles steel is defined as an alloy which resists corrosion。大型变压器最高可发挥99%的效率。large transformers是achieve efficiencies of as much as 99%。23，长句为了表达复杂的概念、逻辑、紧凑的结构，技术文章中出现了很多长句。有些长句最多是780个单词，下面是一个例子。，24，The effors that have been made to explain optical phenom ENA by means of The hypothesis of a me