presentperfect.ppt

1、Present Perfect,现在完成时,构成： have has + 动词的过去分词,用法：,1 表示过去发生的某一动作对现状产生的影响和 后果 。,1) The train has already left .,火车已经开走了。（ 说明火车已经不在这里了。）,2) I have seen the film many times .,这电影我已经看过好几次了。 （因此对内容比较熟悉。）,2）到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况。 （可能是多次动作的总和，也可以表示状态和 习惯性的动作） 如：,I havent seen him for many days.,She has been ill f

2、or two days .,（状态）,我好些天没有见到他了 。,她 病了两天了 。,I have read twenty pages .,How many pages have you read ?,你看了多少页 ？,现在完成时属于现在时态的范畴 ， 需要 注意下面几点 ：,1、现在完成时可以和 不确定的时间 状语连用。,I have just opened the door . She has already posted a letter to Jim. Tom has never been to Japan . They have never been to England before

3、 .,我刚刚开了门 。,她已经给吉姆寄了一封信 。,汤姆从来没有去过日本 。,他们以前从来没有去过英格兰 。,Have you ever been to Shanghai ? Have they ever seen this film ? Has Anne been in Shenzhen yet ?,你曾经去过上海吗 ？,他们曾经看过这部电影吗？,安仍然在深圳吗 ？,Yes , I have . No , I havent .,Yes , they have . No, they havent .,Yes , she has . No, she hasnt .,现在完成时的否定形式 ：,1.

4、 I have already cleaned the desk . 2. We have already finished the work . 3. They have already swept the floor . 4. Sue has already written to her mother .,I have not cleaned the desk yet .,We have not finished the work yet .,They have not swept the floor yet .,Sue has not written to her mother yet

5、.,have not = havent,has not = hasnt,现在完成时有时还与包括现在在内的时间状语连用：,如 ：today , this year , this week , this morning , these days , in the past few years .,I have read ten pages today . We have had 7 lessons in the past few weeks . They have been very busy these days .,今天我已经看了10页 。,在过去的几个星期里， 我们学了7 课书 。,这些天来

6、， 他们一直很忙 。,在汉语意义上， 现在完成时与一般过去时很相近， 但不与具体的过去时间状语连用 ：,I saw the film yesterday .,I have seen the film yesterday .,She went to the park last Sunday .,She has gone to the park last Sunday .,将下列句子改为现在完成时 ：,1. I bought a new bike yesterday . 2. They borrowed some books from me just now . 3. We saw the fil

7、m this winter vocation . 4. They were in Australia last summer. 5. The scientist worked for a long time last week 6. Tim was at home yesterday afternoon . 7. Jim wrote the letter two days ago . 8. He and I were singing this song this time yesterday. 9. He was leaving at that time . 10. The teacher t

8、old us about it a moment ago .,用所给词的适当形式填空 ：注意提示词,1.Youre late . The teacher_ (begin) his class already. 2.They moved to Canada in 1990 and _ (live) there up to now . 3.I wrote the letter a week ago and _ ( not post ) it yet 4.Tony _ ( be ) to Australia once . 5. Its the biggest lake I _ ever _ ( se

9、e ) . 6. In the past few years , great changes _ ( take ) place in our country . 7.I _ never _ (think ) of this . 8.They _ (be ) very busy preparing for the coming exam these days .,现在完成时用法 ： 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在或可能继续下去的动作或状态，往往和表示一段时间的状语 连用 。如 since， for , so far , up till now 等等,We have learned English

10、for about 4 years . They have lived here since 1980 .,我们已经学了4年英语 。,他们自1980 年以来， 一直住在这儿 。,She hasnt written to me up to now . Tom has been ill for more than two days.,到现在为止， 她仍未给我写信 。,Tom 已经病了超过2天了。,up to now until now till now these days lately recently already yet just so far,for a long time in the

11、 last few days since last year week since Sunday since I came here since three days ago this year month during the last two months,现在完成时常用的时间状语 ：,for + 一段时间 since + 过去的某一时间点,for + 介词短语（ for 10 years ) since + 介词短语 或状语从句 since last year since he came here 与for介词短语 和 since 介词短语或 状语从句连用的现在完成时 ， 其谓 语动词也

12、必须是持续性的动词 。,英语中有些动词的意义决定了它们不能持久， 这类动词表示的是一瞬间就结束的动作 ，不能 延续 ， 这就是非持续性动词或短暂性动词 。,常见的有 ：come , leave , go , lose , see , begin , start , arrive , become , die , close , join , fall , get up 这类动词 不能与表示动作延续的时间状语连用,延续性动词和非延续性动词的区别： 只有延续性动词才能和延续性的 时间状语（ 通常为for , since ) 连用。 在解题时， 可将一些非延续性动词转换 为延续性动词或短语 。,1。

13、 她已经到了。 She has arrived . (R) 她已经到了一个小时 。 She has arrived for an hour . ( W ) （ 因为 arrive 是非延续性动词 ） She has been here for an hour .,2. 电影已经开始。 The film has begun .( R) 电影已经开始半个钟头了。 The film has begun for half an hour .( W ) The film has been on for half an hour . ( R ) 1) The film has been on since

14、half an hour ago. 2) Its half an hour since the film began . 3) Half an hour has passed since the film began. 4) The film began half an hour ago .,同义句,3. 我已经加入篮球队 。 I have joined the basketball team . 我已经加入篮球队 有5 年了。 I have joined the basketball team for 5 years.(W) I have been in the basketball tea

15、m for 5 years. I have been in the basketball team since 5 years ago . Its 5 years since I began to join the basketball team . Five years have passed since I began to joined the basketball team . I joined the basketball team 5 years ago . ,常用的非延续性动詞的转化,begin begin to study learn work end (finish) bor

16、row buy catch a cold close,be on study learn work be over keep have have a cold be closed,open come back die fall ill join leave arrive in at marry put on,be open be back be dead be ill be in ( a member of ) be away be in at be married be in ( wear ),在必要的地方填上for 或since :,My mother has worked in this

17、 hospital ever _ it opened . 2. We finished our homework _ two days ago 3. John has studied French _ three years . 4. Uncle Li has been here _ ten years ago. 5. They went to London _ just over 5 months 6. We have known each other _ we were children . 7. The train has been away _ half an hour . 8. Sh

18、e has been a League member _ over six years .,since,for,since,since,for,for,句型 转换 ：,I have been here for 3 months . I _ here 3 months ago . I have been here _ 3 months _ . Its _ months _ I _ here . 2. Doctor Bai lived in China all his life . Doctor Bai lived in China _ he _ _. 3. He died 10 years ag

19、o . He _ _ _ for 10 years . He _ _ _ since 10 years ago . _ 10 years _ he _ .,5. He came back three days ago . He _ _ _ _ three days . _ three days _ he _ back . Three days _ _ since he _ back. He _ _ back _three days ago. 6. He joined the Youth League 2 years ago . He _ _ in the Youth League _2year

20、s . He _ _ in the Youth League _ 2 years ago . He _ _ a _ _ for 2 years. He _ _ a _ _ since 2 years ago . _ 2 years since he _ the Youth League .,根据所给中文， 用所给词 的适当形式填空 ：,1。他到这里来了。He _ _ here . 她来这里一年了 she _ _ here _ a year . 2。火车开了。 The train _ _ . 火车开了半个钟头了。 The train _ _ _ _ half an half. 3。 我买了一辆新车。 I _ _ a new bike . 我买这辆新车有3 个月了。 I _ _