现在分词做定语

1、Grammar,The -ing form,doing,being done,having done,having been done,-ing 可以在句中作主、宾、表、定、状、宾补。,注意：完成式不能用来作定语。,一、the ing form作定语 an amusing story the laughing audience swimming poor reading room writing paper washing machine the rising sun surprising news the coming school year,好笑的故事,正在发笑的观众,游泳池,阅览室,书写

2、纸,洗衣机,正在升起的太阳,令人惊讶的消息,下一学年,the wallet lying on the desk 放在桌子上的钱夹 the boy standing under the tree 站在树下的男孩 the girl eating an apple 吃苹果的女孩,1 ing作定语时，单个词放在被修饰词的前边；现在分词短语则必须置于其后。,2The -ing form 分为动名词和现在分词两种，作定语时意义不一样.,a sleeping boy,a sleeping bag,一个正在睡觉的男孩,一个睡袋,= a boy which is sleeping,= a bag for sle

3、eping,此时，-ing表示被修饰词boy 发出的动作， 说明其特征、特点。,此时，-ing 表示被修饰词 bag 的用途。,动名词,现在分词,a walking man,a walking stick,= a man who is walking,= a stick for walking,正在走路的人,供走路用的拐杖,动名词,现在分词,注意：动名词只能单独使用作前置定语， 不能后置,P54. 1,3现在分词作定语意义上接近一个定语从句. 如： China is a developing country =China is a country which is developing. 中国

4、是个发展中国家。 Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here. =Students who wish to go hiking should sign their names here. 要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。,I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room. =I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room. 在候车室我看见一个熟睡的女孩。 The man talking with our headmaster is Tom

5、s father. =The man who is talking with our headmaster is Toms father. 正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。,4. 现在分词的逻辑主语,现在分词的逻辑主语就是分词所修饰 的那个词。,5现在分词的意义 1) 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如： The professor giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University. 正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。,Students wishing to go hiking should si

6、gn their names here. =Students who wish to go hiking should sign their names here. 要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签句。,=The professor who is giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University.,2)现在分词的被动语态(being+过去分词)表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。如： The freeway being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport. 正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码

7、头。,= The freeway which is being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport.,3)现在分词的完成式“having+过去分词”不能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。如： 你了解昨天发生的事故吗? 误：Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday? 正：Do you know anything about the accident that happened yesterday?,赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。 误：The Chin

8、ese Women Volleyball Team having won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. 正：The Chinese Women Volleyball Team that had won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night.,二、现在分词作宾语补足语 1感官动词see, watch, hear, feel, notice 等后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示该动作正在进行。如： I saw him running

9、down the street. 我看见他沿着街跑。 I felt an ant climbing over my leg. 我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。 Suddenly I noticed her standing outside. 突然我注意到她正站在外边。,2have, leave, deep 等使役动词后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“使处于某种状态”。如： I would have him waiting for me at the gate of the park. 我要他在公园门口等我。 Sorry, I kept you waiting for a long time. 对不

10、起，您久等了。 They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning. 他们关上门走开了，留下火在燃烧。,1. The _ boy was last seen_near the East Lake.(2000Shanghai) A. missing, playing B. missing, play C. missing, played D. missed, to play 2. Do you know the boy_ under the big tree. A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 3. Seeing the sun_ above the surface of the sea,