动词不定式复习.ppt

1、To-infinitives动词不定式,圩塘中学赵云,Pleaseanswersomequestions:,Whatdoyourparentsandteachersoftenaskyoutodo?2.Whoisthelasttosleepinyourfamily?3.Doyouoftenstayuplatetodoyourhomework?4.Isitimportanttoworksohard?5.Isyourdreamtogotocollege?6.Whatdoyouplantodoforyourdream?,动词不定式的肯定形式：“to+动词原形”构成,动词不定式的否定形式：not+to+

2、动词原形,toinfinitive,动词不定式,不定式在句子中可以充当的成分：,Subject(主语)Object（宾语）Objectcomplement(宾补)Adverbial（状语）Predicative（表语）Attributive（定语）,1.Toworkhardisveryimportant.,Subject,Itis_,veryimportanttoworkhard.,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语。,为了说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前加一个由_引导的短语。例如：Itsveryimportantforustoworkhard.,而当句子中的表语是

3、表示人的性格特征的形容词时，如：good，nice，clever，silly，kind，naughty，rude,careless,thoughtful,brave,selfish,generous等时，不定式前可加一个由介词_引导的短语，用以说明动作的执行者。例如：Itssillyofyoutospendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.,for,of,1.固定句型：对某人来说做某事怎么样,2.固定句型：某人怎么样做了某事,Itis+adj+forsbtodosth,对我们来说，在两小时以内完成家庭作业是不可能的,Itisimpossibleforustofin

4、ishthehomeworkintwohours.,Itis+adj+ofsbtodosth,Jim很大方，给了我们很多礼物。,ItisverygenerousofJimtogiveusmanypresents.,3.做某事花费某人多长时间_,Ittakessbsometimetodosth,每天做家庭作业大约花费我两个小时,Ittakesmeabouttwohourstofinishthehomeworkeveryday.,practice：,各地与动词不定式相关的中考题,1.(2008无锡)Itskind_thelittlegirltosharehertoyswiththeotherkid

5、s,butitsdifficult_otherchildrentodothisthing.A.for,ofB.of,ofC.of,forD.for,for,C,2.LiMinghopestogotoBeijiaoMiddleSchool.,object,想要做某事（want）计划做某事(plan)希望做某事(hope)学习做某事(learn)决定做某事(decide)努力做某事(try)需要做某事(need)忘记做某事(forget)选择做某事(choose)同意做某事(agree)承诺做某事(promise)期盼做某事(expect)开始做某事(begin),wanttodosth,plan

6、todosth,hopetodosth,learntodosth,decidetodosth,trytodosth,needtodosth,forgettodosth,choosetodosth,agreetodosth,promisetodosth,expecttodosth,begintodosth,动词不定式充当think,believe,find的宾语时，一般用it做形式宾语，todo放在后面。,例如：IfinditeasytolearnEnglish.,1.我认为学好语文是很重要的IthinkitimportanttolearnChinesewell.,动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（1

7、）,动词不定式作宾语的注意事项（2）,有些动词既可跟不定式作宾语，也可跟动名词作宾语，但含义不同：forgettodosth.forgetdoingsth.stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.goontodosth.goondoingsth.needtodosth.needdoingsth.,忘记做某事(没做）忘记做过某事（已做）停下来去做另一件事停止做某事继续做另一件事继续做原来在做的事需要做某事需要被做,用所给动词的正确形式填空Pleaseremember_(turn)offthelightwhenyouleave.Iremember_(see)yousomewherebef

8、ore.Theystopped_(talk)whentheteachercamein.Theystopped_(do)theirworkwhentheteachercamein.Dontforget_(bring)yourhomeworkheretomorrow.,toturn,seeing,talking,tobring,todo,3.Myparentsdontallowmetoplaycomputergamestoolong.,objectcomplement,1.想要某人做（不做）某事(want)6.需要某人做（不做）某事(need)2.请求某人做（不做）某事(ask)7.告诉某人做（不

9、做）某事(tell)3.命令某人做（不做）某事(order)8.期盼某人做（不做）某事(expect)4.建议某人做（不做）某事(advise)9.希望某人做（不做）某事(wish)5.鼓励某人做（不做）某事(encourage)10.允许某人做（不做）某事(allow),wantsb(not)todo,asksb(not)todo,ordersb(not)todo,advisesb(not)todo,needsb(not)todo,tellsb(not)todo,expectsb(not)todo,wishsb(not)todo,encouragesb(not)todo,allowsb(no

10、t)todo,practice：,1.（2008徐州）Theboypromised_lateforschoolagain.A.tonotbeB.nottobeC.notbeingD.beingnot2.(2006泰州)Pleasebequiet.Wearenotallowed_muchnoiseinthereadingroom.A.tomakeB.makeC.makingD.tomaking3.(2006杭州)therearesomedangerousfishesintheriver,andIveaskedJack_here.A.nottoswimB.tonotswimC.swimnottoD

11、.toswimnot,各地与动词不定式相关的中考题,B,A,A,四看,三使,二听,一感觉:,hearlistento,letmakehave,seewatchlookatnotice,不定式作宾补省去to的情况,feel,如果转化为被动语态时，要加_，例：beseen_bemade_beheard_,todosth,todosth,todosth,to,但是：感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式：除了do还有_例如：seesb.do/doingsth.hearsb.do/doingsth不定式表示_，而用现在分词则表示_。又如：IheardPeter_(play)thepianoinhisroomw

12、henIwentpast.Ioftenseeher_(swim)intheriver.IfoundLinMei_(run)ontheplaygroundat4:30.,动作全过程已结束,动作正在进行,doing,playing,swim,running,1.(2005镇江)Manyboysandgirlsaremade_whattheyarenot_A.todo;interestedB.todo;interestedinC.do;interestedinD.doing;interested2.(2005南京)Onherwayhome,Lucysawathief_inashop.Shestopp

13、ed_110atonce.A.steal,callB.tosteal,callC.stealing,tocallD.stealing,calling3.Amanwasseen_theroomthroughthewindowyesterdayevening.A.enterB.toenterC.enteringD.toentering,practice：,B,C,B,4.Tomoftenstaysuplatetofinishhishomework,adverbial,不定式作状语一般表示目的、原因或结果。（1）表示_Theygotupearlytocatchthefirstbus.（2）表示_To

14、nywasveryangrytofindhiscargone.（3）表示_Hearrivedatthestationtofindthetrainhadleft.,目的,原因,结果,常用句型：,1、表_cometodosth.gotodosth.stoptodosth.inorder(not)todo2、表_behappytodobesorrytodobeangrytodobesurprisedtodo3、表_too+adj.+todosth.adj.adv.+enoughtodosth,目的,原因,结果,Completesomesentences:1、_(为了提高英语),Tomgoestoth

15、eEnglishclubeveryday.2、Iam_(很抱歉让你等了这么长时间。)3、Sheranfast_(为了赶上第一班车).4、Heis_(富有得可以买辆小汽车).,（Inorder）toimprovehisEnglish,sorrytokeepyouwaitingsolong,tocatchthefirstbus,richenoughtobuyacar.,5.MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.,predicative,aimdutyjobworkdreamPurposewayplansuggestion,做定语，放在系在系动词之后（be,seem),Completet

16、hefollowingsentences.1.Thedoctorssuggestionis_(take)moreexercise.2.Thebestwayis_(talk)toyourparents.3.Hisplanis_(今年夏天他的计划是到北京旅游).4.Mypurposeis_(我的目的是帮你解决这个问题).,totake,totalk,totraveltoBeijingthissummer,tohelpyousolvethisproblem,6.Wealwayshavetoomuchhomeworktodo.,attributive,做定语，放在被修饰词之后Wouldyoulikes

17、omethingtodrink?有一些名词（如time，way，excuse等）后常用不定式作定语。如：Itstimetogetup.是起床的时候了。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，要在其后加适当的介词，确保动词和被修饰词的动宾关系。如：Thisisaninterestingpicturetolookat.Hetoldmehehadfoundaroomtolivein.。,常用句型：一些喝的/吃的东西有某事要做有时间做某事有机会做某事第一个/最后一个做某事没有必要做某事做某事的最好时间/季节,somethingtodrink/eat,havesomethingtodo,havetimetodo

18、,haveachancetodo,thefirst/lasttodo,thereisnoneedtodo,thebesttime/seasontodo,Thereisnoneed_(worry)abouthim.JiangLingisthefirstperson_(own)arobotinourcity.Iamhappytohaveachance_(study)abroad.Haveyougotanythingimportant_(say).Thebestseason_(plant)treesisspring.,toown,toworry,tostudy,tosay,toplant,用动词的正

19、确形式填空,Itisimportantforus_(learn)Englishwell.Myaimis_(help)poorchildrengotoschool.Maryalwayshashermother_(clean)theclothesforher.IadviseTom_(notgo)tobedtoolate.Aboywasseen_(cry)inthestreetwhenIwalkedoutoftheshop._(catch)thefirstbus,Tomgotupveryearlythismorning.Thereisnothing_(worry)about.8.Jimisalway

20、sthelastperson_(finish)hishomework.,tolearn,tohelp,clean,nottogo,crying,Tocatch,toworry,tofinish,1.Idontknowhowtofindsometimeformyhobbies,canyougivemesomeadvice?2.Iwanttogetgoodmarksinexams,canyoutellmewhattodo?,疑问词+不定式,不定式与疑问词who,which,when,how,what,where等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,在与why连用时，只用于why或w

21、hynot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Whynothavearest?,Completethefollowingsentences.1.Hedidntknow.(说什么)。2.isveryimportant.(如何解决这个问题)3.Myquestionis.(什么时候开始)。4.Pleaseshowus.(如何使用计算机)5.Idontknowforyou(买什么东西).,whattosay,Howtosolvetheproblem,whentostart,howtousethecomputer,whattobuy,practice：,用动词的正确形式填空,Mum,can

22、youtellmewhichcoat_(wear)today?Idontknowwhen_(leave)3.YoushouldntwatchTVwhen_(do)yourhomework?Mymotheralwaystellsmehow_(solve)myproblem.5.Therearesomanypresentsintheshop,Idontknowwhichone_(choose).,towear,toleave,doing,tosolve,tochoose,practice：,各地与动词不定式相关的中考题,1.(2008泰州)Wow!Thereissomuchnicefood.Ire

23、allycantdecide_first.A.wheretoeatB.howtoeatC.whentoeatD.whattoeat2.(2008沈阳)-Wouldyoupleasetellme_next?A.whentodoB.howtodoC.whattodoD.wheretodo3.(2007宿迁)WearegoingtovisittheSummerPalacethisSunday,butwearenotsure_.A.whentogothereB.howtogothereC.wheretogoD.whichtodo,D,C,B,LiMingsteenageproblemsMynameis

24、LiMing,Ihaveaproblem,andIdonthow_(deal)withit.Mydreamis_(be)agreatbasketballplayer,butmyParentswishme_(be)adoctor,sotheyoftenaskme_(work)hard,anddontletme_(play)basketball,theyseem_(be)veryunfair.Ihavetoworkveryhard,Iamalwaysthefirst_(get)upandthelast_(sleep).Ithinkitsveryimportant_(spend)sometimeonmyhobbies,theycanmakeme_(keep)healthy,butteachersdoesntgivemeachance_(explain),Iammade_(work)morethantwel