名词性从句高三复习课件

1、名词性从句,基本概念:名词性从句是相当于名词的句子在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。,1、主语从句(1)引导主语从句的关联词有三类:从属连词that(不充当句子成分,没有词汇意义)Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialresemblancebetweenthem.从属连词whether“是否”(不能使用if)Whetherhewillcomehereisnotclear.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoeverwhatever,whichever,wh

2、oever=anyonewhowhatever=anythingthatwhichever=anythat),Examples:Whowillgivethespeechisnotknownyet.Whotheprizewillbegiventoisnotdecidedyet.Whoseroomitisisclear.Whathesaidatthemeetingwastrue.Whathesaidatthemeetingisnotknownyet.Which(one)youlikehasnothingtodowithme.Whoevercomesiswelcome.WhateverIhaveis

3、atyourservice.Whichever(ofyou)comesfirstwillreceiveaprize.Whicheveryouwantisyours.,连接副词where,when,how,why.Wherethemeetingwillbehelddependsontheweather.Whentheyareleavingisbeingdiscussed.Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whyhewasabsentyesterdaywasthathewasillathome.,(2)主语从句常用it作形式主语的有,It+be+形容词(obvio

4、us,truenatural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc)+that-Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.It+be+名词词组(nowonder,anhonour,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,etc)+that-Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.It+be+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,a

5、rranged,suggested)+that-.ItisannouncedintodaysnewspaperthatBushwillpayavisittoChinanextweek.,It+seems/appears,happens等不及物动词及短语+that-IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesntmatter(makesnodifferencesetc)+连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句Itmakesnodifferenceswhereweshallhavethemeeting.当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,用it作形式主语.Howstrangeitist

6、hattheyaresoquiet.,2._wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what,_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether,that不充当任何成分,what充当宾语,Consolidation,3._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where4._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlis

7、worthpraising.A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever,whoever=anyonewho凡者,5._wantstodocomputerstudentsshouldsign_onthispaper.A.Who,hisnameB.Theonewho,hernameC.Thosewho,theirnameD.Whoever,theirnames,6._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It,it作形式主语,7.Itworriedherabi

8、t_herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for,8._seemsstrangetousis_thetroublesomeboyisgettingalongwellwithallhisteachers.A.It,thatB.What,howC.It,howD.What,that,what作主语,充当成分,9.ItwasonlywhenIrereadhispoemsrecently_Ibegantoappreciatetheirbeauty.A.untilB.thatC.thenD.so,10.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirs

9、tclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when,1.Iremember_thisusedtobeaquitevillage.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what,2.-Doyouknow_MrBlacksaddressis?-HemayliveatNo.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.Imnotsure_A.what,whichB.where,whichC.where,whatD.what,where,宾语从句：,3.Acomputercanonlydo_youhaveinstructe

10、dittodo.(2001)A.howB.afterC.whatD.when,4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,5.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever,6.-Myfoothurtsterribly,doctor.-Well,Iwonder_ithasbeenlikethis.A.sincew

11、henB.sincethenC.howD.when,7.-Doyouremember_hecame?-Yes,Ido.hecamebycar.A.whereB.howC.thatD.if,8.Pleasetellme_youwouldliketohaveyourcoffee-blackorwhite.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.how,9.Thosechildrenarewild.Ifeelsorryfor_hastobetheirbabysitter.A.whoeverB.whoC.whomeverD.someone,Thequestioniswhocancompletethe

12、difficulttask.Helooksasifhewasgoingtocry.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.,表语从句,1.-IdrovetoZhuHaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where,2._shecouldntunderstandwas_fewerandfewerstudentsshowedtheirinterestinherlessons.A.what,whyB.That,whatC.what,becauseD.why,t

13、hat,3.Thereason_theirfailureyouknowis_theydidntgetfullypreparedfortheexperiment?A.why,thatB.that,whyC.for,thatD.why,become,4.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewhereD.wherethere,5.Thatis_Iwasbornandgrewup?A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace,6.-Irangyouataboutten,buttherewasnoreply.-Oh

14、,thatwasprobably_Iwasseeingthedoctor.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.that,7.Airistous_wateristofish.A.thatB.whatC.whereD.how,AistoBwhatCistoDA之于B犹如C之于D,同位语从句：,引导同位语从句的名词主要有fact,news,promise,idea,truth,hope,question,belief,suggestion,thought,order,problem,fear,doubt,etc.连接词用that(不能省)不用which，还用how,when,where,why,w

15、hether（不用if）etc.,Eg:1.WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome?2.EarlyinthedaycamethenewsthatGermanyhaddeclaredwaronRussia.3.Ihavenoideawhetherhewillcomeornot.4.Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.5.Wehaventsettledthequestionwherewearegoingtospendoursummervacation.,练习：Informationhasbeen

16、putforward_moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as2.Tomleftwordwithmysecretary_hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.AwhoBthatCasDwhich3.Thereisafeelinginme_wewillneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.AthatBwhichCofwhichDwhat,1.名词性从句考点1、引导词that与what；that与whether；if与whether；wha

17、t与how等的区别；2、名词性从句的时态和语序问题；3、名词性从句的语气问题；4、同位语从句与定语从句的比较区别。,1、名词性从句的引导词问题问题1：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_itwas20yearsago,_itwassopoorlyequipped.（05安徽卷）A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that,前句考查的是that与what的区别。that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，而what可充当名词性的成分。前句的表语从句中还缺少表语，故只能用what。后句是

18、定语从句，修饰20yearsago，所以须用when。,问题2：1)Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.(上海2001)A.whenB.ifC.whetherD.why2)Elephantshavetheirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectand_itisroughorsmooth.（05天津卷）A.不填B.whetherC.howD.what,在名词性从句中表示“是否”这一概念时，连词if一般只能引导宾语从句，而题1是表语从句，故不能选B；注意doubt的

19、用法，如果是肯定句，用whether，如果是否定句，用that。宾语从句中，以下情况只用whether不用if：与or连用时；后接不定式短语时；在decide;besure等动词后。,问题3：_leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.(MET1988)A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who,whoever引导名词性从句时表示“无论哪一个”，相当于anyonewho；who引导名词性从句时表示带有疑问的“谁”。根据该题的意思不难作出选择。选项A,B后都缺少了who，而引导定语从句的who是不能省略的。同时还需要注意whoeve

20、r与nomatterwho;whatever与nomatterwhat等的区别。wh-ever既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句，而nomatterwh-只能引导状语从句。,问题4：1)Iwassurprisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognize_sillymistakesIhadmade.（05湖南卷）A.whatB.thatC.howD.which2)Parentsaretaughttounderstand_importanteducationistotheirchildrensfuture.（04广东）A.thatB.howC.suchD.so,what与ho

21、w引导感叹句时，what后加名词，how后加形容词和副词。其结构为：What+(a)+(adj.)+n.但要注意在what后不能加表示数量的many;much;few;little等词。How+adj.+(a)+(n.)，要注意的是how后的名词只能为单数名词。题1中是复数名词，只能用what；题2中的正常语序是educationisimportanttotheir，所以选B。,1、Scientiststhinkthatthecontinents_alwayswherethey_today.(05北京卷)A.arent;areB.arent;wereC.werent;areD.werent;w

22、ere2、Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Oh!Ithoughtthey_withoutme.(05江西卷)AwentBaregoingChavegoneDhadgone,当主句的动词为现在和将来时态时，名词性从句中的动作根据所发生的时间来定，可以有各种时态；当主句的动词为过去时态时，从句中的动作一般都要使用相应的过去时，除非表示客观真理。,2、名词性从句中的时态问题,1、Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.(全国2000)A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.wh

23、oitis2、Thephotographswillshowyou_（MET1989）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,名词性从句中都用陈述语序，不用倒装语序。题1中的干扰项是B，对想要知道的人提问或应答都用it而不用人称代词he,I,you等。题2只要注意是介词宾语就行了。,3、名词性从句中的语序问题,4.名词性从句中的虚拟语气A、宾语从句中的虚拟语气在动词suggest,order,demand,request,des

24、ire,insist,require,decide,determine,advise,recommend,deserve(值得提及)后需用should型的虚拟语气。,Theteacherdemandedthatthework_before4oclock.A.finishedB.befinishedC.shouldfinishD.finish2.-Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutyourmothersillness?-Hesuggestedthatshe_anoperationatonce.A.musthaveB.hadC.haveD.hadhad,B、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句

25、型：Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted；+(should)doItisimportant,necessary,natural,desirable,strange,advisable,imperativethat+(should)doItisapity,ashame,nowonderthat+(should)do,1.Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold,C、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。Myideaisthatwe(should)getmor