急诊医学专业英语

1、大连医科大学硕士学位论文2010年专业外语考试卷学号的名字考生注意事项1.检查试卷是否符合自己申报的科目。试卷一张漏，字迹模糊。如果可能的话，请举手要答卷。2、要把自己的学号、名字、专业班写在试卷指定位置。3、除试卷密封线外，写与名字、学号或答案内容无关的字句和其他标记的试卷一律无效，其结果自负。命题单位：大学2教研室：急救医学教研室主任审核签名：评分引擎：一个第二个三个45总分分数英译汉：emergency diagnsis and assessment of ich and its causesrapid recognition and diagnosis of ichare essent

2、ial because of its frequently rapid progression during the first sever al hours。the classic clinical p Re sentation includes the onset of a suddenfocal neurological deficit while the patient is active，Which proges over minutesthis smooth symptomatic progression of a focal deficit over a few hours is

3、 un common in ischemic stroke and rare Insubarachoid hemor hage . head hachevomiting is more common with ichthan with either ischemic stroke or subarachoid hemorage . increated blood pressure and impaired level of concisousthe early risk of neurological deerioration and cardio pull monary instabilit

4、y in ichis high .identification of prognomestic indicator s during the first s Ever al hours is very important for planning the level of care in patients with ich .the volume of ich and grade On the glaasgow coma scale(GCS)On admission are the most powerful predictors of death by 30 days .hydracepha

5、lus was an independent indicator of 30-day death in another study。convert Sely、cortical location、mild neurological dyfunction、and low fibrinogen levels have been associated with good outcomes inbecause of the difficulty in differenti ating ich from ischemic stroke by clinical measures，Emergency medi

6、cine personnel triage And transporesthis level of care may exceed that available at some hospitals，Even those that meet the criteria for primary stroke centers。thus，Each hospital that evaluations and treats stroke Patients should determine whether the institution has the infra structure and physicia

7、tioninitial clinical diagnostic evaluation of ichat the hospital invoices assessment of the patient s presnting symp toms and associated activitiesthe patient or witnesses are questioned about trauma；HypertensionPrior ischemic stroke、diabetes mellitus、smoking、use of alccool and presscription、over-th

8、e counter、or recreation drugsuse of warfarin and aspirin or other anti thrombotic therapy；and hematologic disorders or other medical disorders that predispose to bleeding，such as severe liver disease。the physical examination focus on level of consiness And degree of neurological deficit after assess

9、ment of airtway，breakthing，circulationbrain imaging is a crucial part of the emergent puted tomography(CT)And magnetic resonance scans show equal ability to identitydeep hemorage s in hyperensive patients are often due to hyperension，where as lobar hemor rhood s in nonhyperensive elder

10、ly patients are often dueHowever，a substanial number of lobar hemorrhage in hyperensivePatients may be due to hyperension，and both deep and superficial hemorage s may be caused by vascular abnormalalities and other nonhyperensiveCT may be superior at demonstrating associated ventricular extension，Wh

11、atereas magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)Is superior at detensionCT angiography may provide additional detail in patients with suspected aneeurysm or arteriovenoous malformation。CT has also clarified the natural history of ich .one prospecive study of spontaneous ichin the mid-1990s demonstrated that

12、an increase in volume of _ 33% is detectable on repeated CT eegrowth of the volume of ich was associated with early neurological deerioration . hematoma growth is associat Ed with a nearly 5-fold increase inthe lobar location of ich increases the risk of long-term recurrence by a factor of 3.8 .MRI performs as well as CT