小学英语语法总复习-句型

1、小学英语语法总复习（句型）,三种基本句式,I am a girl. 我是一个女生。 He is smart. 他很聪明。 Its tasty! 它可好吃了！,（1）判断句：什么是什么，什么怎么样。,一、肯定句,主语+be动词+名词/形容词。,I read a book. 我在看书。 I have 6 teachers. 我有6个老师。 He can swim. 他会游泳。 A dog eats bread.有只狗在吃面包。,（2）陈述句：谁干什么，谁有什么。,主语（ +情态动词）+实义动词+其他。,含有“not”的句子，表示“不”，“没”。,He is not a teacher. 他不是老师

2、。 She isnt tall. 她不高。 I dont know. 我不知道。 You shouldnt cross the road.你不应该横穿马路。 Lucy does not have lunch.露西没吃中饭。,二、否定句,“吗？”，“呢？”,一般疑问句：把be动词、情态动词（can/should.等）或者助动词（do/does）提前。,Is he funny?他幽默吗？ Can you speak English?你会说英语吗？ Do you like music?你喜欢音乐吗？ Does she have a ruler?她有尺子吗？,三、疑问句,特殊疑问句：含有疑问词的问句。

3、,疑问词：What When Why Who Where How,5W.H,What：什么 What do you have on Monday？ When：什么时候 When do you have computer class？,Why：为什么 Why do you like ice-cream？ Who:谁 Whos your mother? Where: 哪里 Where do you go？ How：怎样 How is your Chinese teacher？,句式转换,肯定句,否定句,疑问句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,句型变换主要有以下题型：,一、改为否定句。,二、改为一般疑问句。

4、,三、对划线部分提问。,一、改为否定句 1、先找be动词 am, is, are, was, were或情态动词can, may ,must, would，should ,could .如果有这些词，直接在这些词的后面加not（可与前面相邻单词缩写为nt）， some 改成any，其余照抄；,例： 1、Helen is a beautiful girl.(改为否定句) 2、I can speak French. (改为否定句) 3、There were some buses.(改为否定句),There were not any buses.,I cant speak French.,Helen

5、 is not a beautiful girl.,2、如果句子中没有be动词或者是情态动词，要在动词前面加dont 、doesnt或者是didnt。 (1)首先判断句子时态，如果句子是过去式，则要在动词前面加didnt，后面动词用原型，some改成any，其余照抄；,(2)如果句子不是过去式，则判断是否为第三人称单数，如果是第三人称单数，要在动词前面前加doesnt,后面动词用原型，some 改成any，其余部分照抄。其他情况均要在句子动词前面加dont，some改成any，其它部分照抄.,She has got some pens.(改为否定句) .,She doesnt have got

6、 any pens.,例： Lingling had a hamburger for breakfast.(改为否定句) .,Lingling didnt have a hamburger for breakfast.,二、改为一般疑问句 1、先找be动词 am, is, are, was, were或情态动词can, may ,must, would，should ,could .如果有这些词，直接把这些词放在句子最前面， some 改成any，句号改成问号！其余照抄；（注意人称的变化）,例： He should do his homework.（改为一般疑问句） _ I am listen

7、ing to music.（改为一般疑问句） _,Are you listening to music？,Should he do his homework？,2、如果句子中没有be动词或者是情态动词，要在句子最前面加助动词 do 、does或者是did。 （1）首先判断句子时态，如果句子是过去式，则要在句最前面加Did，后面动词用原型，some改成any，句号改成问号，其余照抄；（注意人称变化）,（2）如果句子不是过去式，则判断是否为第三人称单数，如果是第三人称单数，要在句子最前面前加助动词Does,后面动词用原型，some 改成any，句号改成问号，其余部分照抄。,（3）如果句子不是过去式

8、，也不是第三人称单数，要在句子最前面前加助动词Do, some 改成any，句号改成问号，其余部分照抄。（注意人称变化）,Tom likes listening to music .(改为一般疑问句) .,Does Tom like listening to music ？,例： Lingling watched TV last night.(改为一般疑问句) .,Did Lingling watch TV last night？,We play basketball on Sundays.(改为一般疑问句) .,Do you play basketball on Sundays？,三、对划线

9、部分提问,对划线部分进行提问，即针对句子中的某一成分提出问题，可利用“四步法”进行提问。,一找：找特殊疑问词； （what when how where who which whose等） 二代：用特殊疑问词代替划线部分； 三移：把特殊疑问词移到句首； 四变：未划线部分变为一般疑问句。,做道题试试吧！,My telephone number is 741-865.,一找：对数字进行提问用what,二代：用what代替划线部分,三移：把what放在句首,My telephone number is what.,四变：把My telephone number is 变为一般疑问句,What my

10、telephone number is.,What is your telephone number?,再来一道简单的！,She is my sister.,一找：对人进行提问用who,二代：用who代替划线部分,三移：把who放在句首,She is who.,四变：把she is 变为一般疑问句,Who she is.,Who is she?,再来一道简单的！,This is a dictionary.,一找：对物体进行提问用what,二代：用what代替划线部分,三移：把what放在句首,This is what.,四变：把this is 变为一般疑问句,What this is.,Wha

11、t is this?,Whats this?,再来一道难点的！,The jacket is red.,一找：对颜色进行提问用what color,二代：用what color代替划线部分,三移：把what color放在句首,The jacket is what color.,四变：把the jacket is 变为一般疑问句,What color the jacket is.,What color is the jacket?,再来一道更难的！,The books are under the bed.,一找：对地点进行提问用where,二代：用where代替划线部分,三移：把where放在句

12、首,The books are where.,四变：把the books are变为一般疑问句,Where the books are.,Where are the books?,Wherere the books?,再来一道更难的！,The boy is 10 years old.,一找：对年龄进行提问用How old,二代：用how old代替划线部分,三移：把how old放在句首,四变：把the boy is变为一般疑问句,How old is the boy?,The boy is how old.,How old the boy is.,How old is the boy?,注意

13、：,对谓语动词的提问，其中实意动词要用do 的相对应形式代替, 省略掉宾语。 He watches TV in the evening What does he do in the evening? He watched TV yesterday evening. What did he do in the evening? He is watching TV now. What is he doing now? He is going to watch TV this evening. What is he going to do?,（注：我I 、我们we 是第一人称；你you，你们you是

14、第二人称；剩下的全部是第三人称）,疑问词及其用法：,例： 1、They are looking for bag.(对画线部分提问） 2、I am riding my bike now.(对画线部分提问） 3、There are twelve studens in the classroom. (对画线部分提问）,What are they looking for？,What are you doing？,How many students are there in the classroom？,4.The new coat is three yuan. (对划线部分提问) _ 5.You ca

15、n go there by bus. (对划线部分提问) _ 6I got up at six this morning (对划线部分提问) _ 7. Tom is reading books in the room. (对划线部分进行提问) _,How much is the new coat？,How can I go there？,When did you get up？,What is Tom doing？,英语连词成句方法,1. 大写、标点、个数、别抄错。 2. 熟读课文，背下句子。 3. 牢记技巧：看标点，记结构。,第一步：看标点符号。,第二步：分类（问句、陈述句）按结构排序,括号

16、里是问号的，就是疑问句。,疑问句分特殊疑问句和一般疑问句。,特殊疑问句：,what/where/how (can/be/do) 主 谓 宾 例子： 1. Where did you(主) go(谓) ? 2. How is your mother(主)? 3. What do you(主) see(谓)?,一般疑问句：,can/be/do 主 谓 宾 例子： 1. Can you(主) run fast(谓) ? 2. Did you(主) come back(谓) yesterday? 3. Do you(主) need(谓) food(宾)?,连成疑问句：,1、找出疑问词：what , w

17、here , when , who , why , whose, how ， how old/big/long.等放在句首。,2、如果没有疑问词，则找出助动词：Be (动词)am/is/are , can , do , does ,did.等放在句首。,3、找出人称代词放在助动词之后：you , he , she , it , we , they .,4、动词放在其次。,5、介词短语其次。,6、时间、地点最后。（地点在前，时间在后）,eg : did , you , on , the , weekend , do , what (?) What did you do on the weeken

18、d ？,括号里是句号的，就是陈述句。,陈述句结构：主 (can/be/do) 谓 宾。 例子： 1. I (主) like(谓) apple(宾). 2. She(主) eat(谓) banana(宾). 3. You(主) can jump high(谓).,连成陈述句：,1、找出人称代词（you , he , she , it .）或者指示代词（this , that , these , those）或者找出名词，放在句首做主语。,2、找出动词放在主语后面。,3、找出介词短语放其次。,4、时间、地点最后。（地点在前，时间在后）,eg: I , going , TV, this , am , to , watch , evening , home , at (.) I am going to watch TV at home this evening.,最后：翻译成中文，疏通句子意思，进