21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册+Unit6

1、21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册 unit6unit 6 text a pre-reading activities first listening before listening to the tape, have a quick look at the following words.sock 短袜eq 情商empathy 同情second listening listen to the tape again. they choose the best answer to each of the following questions.1. the listening passage sa

2、ys that einstein was a genius in terms of _.a) emotional intelligence or eqb) intellectual intelligence or iqc) both eq and iq d) neither eq nor iq 2. which of the following is not an example of emotional intelligence?a) understanding your own feelings.b) understanding the feelings of others.c) bein

3、g able to handle emotions effectively.d) being smarter than others in your class.3. which of the following statements best describes the relationship between eq and iq?a) people tend to have more of one than the other.b) people tend to have the same amount of each.c) they work together to make you s

4、uccessful.d) they depend on such factors as social class and how lucky you are.4. what is the main purpose of this passage?a) to introduce a new concept, eq, and explain its significance.b) to explain why eq is more important in life than iq.c) to discuss different definitions of success.d) to criti

5、cize traditional notions of intelligence.the eq factor nancy gibbs it turns out that a scientist can see the future by watching four-year-olds interact with a marshmallow. the researcher invites the children, one by one, into a plain room and begins the gentle torment. you can have this marshmallow

6、right now, he says. but if you wait while i run an errand, you can have two marshmallows when i get back. and then he leaves.some children grab for the treat the minute hes out the door. some last a few minutes before they give in. but others are determined to wait. they cover their eyes; they put t

7、heir heads down; they sing to themselves; they try to play games or even fall asleep. when the researcher returns, he gives these children their hard-earned marshmallows. and then, science waits for them to grow up.by the time the children reach high school, something remarkable has happened. a surv

8、ey of the childrens parents and teachers found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out for the second marshmallow generally grew up to be better adjusted, more popular, adventurous, confident and dependable teenagers. the children who gave in to temptation early on were

9、more likely to be lonely, easily frustrated and stubborn. they could not endure stress and shied away from challenges. and when some of the students in the two groups took the scholastic aptitude test, the kids who had held out longer scored an average of 210 points higher.when we think of brillianc

10、e we see einstein, deep-eyed, woolly haired, a thinking machine with skin and mismatched socks. high achievers, we imagine, were wired for greatness from birth. but then you have to wonder why, over time, natural talent seems to ignite in some people and dim in others. this is where the marshmallows

11、 come in. it seems that the ability to delay gratification is a master skill, a triumph of the reasoning brain over the impulsive one. it is a sign, in short, of emotional intelligence. and it doesnt show up on an iq test.for most of this century, scientists have worshipped the hardware of the brain

12、 and the software of the mind; the messy powers of the heart were left to the poets. but cognitive theory could simply not explain the questions we wonder about most: why some people just seem to have a gift for living well; why the smartest kid in the class will probably not end up the richest; why

13、 we like some people virtually on sight and distrust others; why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resilient soul. what qualities of the mind or spirit, in short, determine who succeeds?the phrase emotional intelligence was coined by yale psychologist peter sal

14、ovey and the university of new hampshires john mayer five years ago to describe qualities like understanding ones own feelings, empathy for the feelings of others and the regulation of emotion in a way that enhances living. their notion is about to bound into the national conversation, handily short

15、ened to eq, thanks to a new book, emotional intelligence by daniel goleman. goleman, a harvard psychology ph.d. and a new york times science writer with a gift for making even the most difficult scientific theories digestible to lay readers, has brought together a decades worth of behavioral researc

16、h into how the mind processes feelings. his goal, he announces on the cover, is to redefine what it means to be smart. his thesis: when it comes to predicting peoples success, brainpower as measured by iq and standardized achievement tests may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once tho

17、ught of as character before the word began to sound old-fashioned.at first glance, there would seem to be little thats new here to any close reader of fortune cookies. there may be no less original idea than the notion that our hearts hold dominion over our heads.i was so angry, we say,i couldnt thi

18、nk straight. neither is it surprising that people skills are useful, which amounts to saying, its good to be nice.its so true its trivial, says dr. paul mchugh, director of psychiatry at johns hopkins university school of medicine. but if it were that simple, the book would not be quite so interesti

19、ng or its implications so controversial.this is no abstract investigation. goleman is looking for antidotes to restore civility to our streets and caring to our communal life. he sees practical applications everywhere for how companies should decide whom to hire, how couples can increase the odds th

20、at their marriages will last, how parents should raise their children and how schools should teach them. when street gangs substitute for families and schoolyard insults end in stabbings, when more than half of marriages end in divorce, when the majority of the children murdered in this country are

21、killed by parents and stepparents, many of whom say they were trying to discipline the child for behavior like blocking the tv or crying too much, it suggests a demand for remedial emotional education.and it is here the arguments will break out. golemans highly popularized conclusions, says mchugh,w

22、ill chill any veteran scholar of psychotherapy and any neuroscientist who worries about how his research may come to be applied. while many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously, they fear that a notion as handy as eq invites misuse. golema

23、n admits the danger of suggesting that you can assign a numerical value to a persons character as well as his intellect; goleman never even uses the phrase eq in his book. but he did somewhat reluctantly approve an unscientific eq test in usa today with choices like i am aware of even subtle feeling

24、s as i have them, and i can sense the pulse of a group or relationship and state unspoken feelings.you dont want to take an average of your emotional skill, argues harvard psychology professor jerome kagan, a pioneer in child-development research.thats whats wrong with the concept of intelligence fo

25、r mental skills too. some people handle anger well but cant handle fear. some people cant take joy. so each emotion has to be viewed differently. eq is not the opposite of iq. some people are blessed with a lot of both, some with little of either. what researchers have been trying to understand is h

26、ow they complement each other; how ones ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use. among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that iq counts for about 20%; the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the ne

27、ural pathways that have developed in the brain over millions of years of human evolution.(1 047 words)new words eq (abbr.)emotional quotient 情商interact vi.(with) act or have an effect on each other 相互作用；相互影响marshmallow n. soft sweet made from sugar and gelatine 果汁软糖torment n. severe physical or ment

28、al suffering （肉体或精神上的）折磨，痛苦vt. cause severe suffering to 折磨；使痛苦errand n. small job that requires a short journey, usu. for sb. else （短程的）差事，差使hard-earned a. gained with great difficulty or effort 辛苦挣来的survey n. investigation 调查adventurous a. eager for or fond of adventure 渴望冒险的，喜欢冒险的dependable a. th

29、at may be depended on 可信赖的，可靠的scholastic a. of schools and education 学校的；的；学业的aptitude n. natural ability or skill 天生的才能或技巧；天资brilliance n. the quality of being brilliant 光辉，辉煌；壮丽；（卓越的）才华，才智woolly a.羊毛（制）的；产羊毛的；像羊毛的mismatch vt. match (people or things) wrongly or unsuitably 使错配，配合不当sock n. short sto

30、cking covering the ankle and lower part of the leg 短袜ignite v.(cause to) catch fire, burn （使）着火，燃烧；发光dim v.(cause to) become dim （使）变暗淡；（使）变模糊；（使）失去光泽impulsive a.(of people and their behavior) marked by sudden action that is undertaken without careful thought （指人或人的行为）凭冲动的；易冲动的messy a. in a state of

31、 disorder; dirty: causing dirt or disorder 凌乱的；脏的；搞乱的；搞脏的upbeat a. optimistic or cheerful 乐观的；快乐的resilient a. 1.有弹性的，有回弹力的；能复原的2.有复原力的；富有活力的；适应性强的empathy n. ability to imagine and share another persons feelings, experience, etc.同情；同感；共鸣handily ad.灵巧地，熟练地；轻易地；近便地digesti ble a. that can be digested; r

32、elatively easy to understand 可消化的；可吸收的；较易理解的behavioral a. of behavior 行为的thesis n. 1. statement or theory put forward and supported by argument 论题，命题；论点2. long written essay submitted by a candidate for a university degree; dissertation 毕业论文；学位standardize vt. make(sth.)conform to a fixed standard, s

33、hape, quality, type, etc.使（某事物）标准化；使合乎标准（或规格）fortune n. 1. large amount of money; wealth 大笔的钱；财2. chance; luck 机会；运气3. persons destiny or future; fate 命运；前途cookie n. biscuit 饼干fortune cookie (u.s.)thin biscuit, folded to hold a printed message (e.g.a proverb, prophecy or joke) served in chinese rest

34、aurants （美）签语饼（中国餐馆的折叠形小饼，内有纸条，上写预测运气的格言或幽默套语）dominion n.(over) rule; powerful authority; effective control 统治；管辖；支配；控制straight ad. clearly, logically 清晰地；有条理地controversial a. causing or likely to cause argument or disagreement 引起争论的；有争议的abstract a. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a

35、 physical or practical existence 抽象的antidote n.解毒药；（喻）矫正方法，对抗手段civility n. fact or act of showing politeness; act of being civilized 礼貌，客气，谦恭communal a. 1. of or referring to a commune or a community 公共的；社区的，集体的2. for the use of all; shared 公用的；共有的odds n.(pl.) probability or chance 可能性；机会schoolyard

36、n.校园；操场stab vt. pierce(sth.) or wound (sb.) with a pointed tool or weapon; push (a knife, etc.) into sb./sth.戳（某物）；刺（某人）；用（刀等）刺（或戳、捅）某人（或某物）stabbing n. instance of stabbing or being stabbed 用利器伤人stepparent n.继父，后父；继母，后母remedy n.药品；治疗（法）；补救办法；纠正办法vt.医治；治疗；补救；纠正remedial a.补救的；纠正的；补习的popularize vt. 1.

37、make (sth.) generally liked 使（某事物）被大家喜欢，使受大家欢迎2. make (sth.) known or available to the general public, esp. by presenting it in an easily understandable form 使（某事物）众所周知；使普及chill vt. 1. make cold 使变冷；使冷却；使感到冷2. discourage 使沮丧；使扫兴n.寒冷；风寒；冷淡；沮丧；扫兴scholar n. person who studies an academic subject deeply

38、 学者psychotherapy n. treatment of mental disorders by psychological methods 精神疗法；心理疗法neuroscientist n.神经系统家handy a.(of an object, tool, machine, etc.) easy to use; useful for some purpose 便于使用的；有用的numerical a. of, expressed in or representing numbers 数字的；用数字表示的；代表数字的approve vt. 1. have a positive opinion of 赞成；称许2. accept, permit or officially agree to 批准；允许；对表示认可neural a. the nerves 神经的pathway n. way or track made for or by people walking 小路，小径（= path）phrases and expressions one by one separately; individually in order 一个一个地；依次地right now immediately; at this moment 立即；此刻run an errand carry