定语从句用法口诀

1、定语从句用法口诀,（口诀一） 定语从句真奇妙， 关系代(副)词来引导， 定语从句分两种， 是否限定看逗号。 A doctor is a person who looks after peoples health. 医生就是负责人们健康的人。 This is the diamond which the lady has lost. 这就是那位女士丢失的钻石。,The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. 我学习了仅两年的那所学校离家3公里远。 I still remember the time w

2、hen I first traveled by plane. 我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间 Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Second World War. 昨晚我看了一部非常好的电影，它是关于第二次世界大战的。 Alice, who is a distant relative of mine, studies in Yale now. 爱丽丝是我的一位远房亲戚，她现在耶鲁学习。 The house, where a murder case happened last year, has got a lovel

3、y garden. 那栋房子有一个漂亮的花园，去年那里发生过一起谋杀案。,（口诀二） which指物who指人， 地点where时间when, that人或物均可， why之前是reason。 They planted some trees which didnt need much water. 他们种植了一些不大需要水的树木。（which指物） The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. 昨天参观我们学校的那位外国人来自加拿大。（who指人）,This is the house where the old s

4、cientist once lived. 这是那位老科学家曾经居住过的房子。（先行词是地点时，关系词用where。） I will never forget the day when I joined the Youth League. 我将永远不会忘记我加入团的那一天。（先行词是时间时，关系词用when。） Do you know the man that is reading a book over there? 你认识正在那儿读书的那个人吗？（that人或物均可） This is a supermarket that sells a variety of goods. 这是一家出售各种各

5、样商品的超市。（that人或物均可）,【注意】当定语从句由关系副词where, when或why引导时，可以用“介词+which”代替。例如： This is the house where the old scientist once lived. = This is the house in which the old scientist once lived. I will never forget the day when I joined the Youth League. = I will never forget the day on which I joined the You

6、th League. She came around to explain the reason why she was absent from the meeting. = She came around to explain the reason for which she was absent from the meeting.,【注意】并非所有的地点、时间或原因，后面的定语从句都要用where, when或why引导。如果定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，那么，就要用that或which引导。例如： This is the house that/which (不用where) my fathe

7、r built last year. 这是我父亲去年建造的房子。（作定语从句的宾语） Do you still remember the days that/which (不用when) we spent in the countryside? 你是否还记得我们在乡下度过的那些日子吗？（作定语从句的宾语） I wont listen to the reason that/which (不用why)you have given us. 我坚决不听你给我们提供的那个理由。（作定语从句的宾语）,（口诀三） 从句当中作宾语， whom可以代替who, 为了句子更简练， 关系代词可省去。,The boy

8、 who made a speech just now is my best friend.刚才讲话的那个男孩是我最好的朋友。（who在从句中作主语，不可省略） I have many friends (who/whom) I can turn to for help when in trouble.我有很多在困难时刻可以求助的朋友。(who/whom在从句中作宾语，可以省略) 【注意】在从句中作介词的宾语且介词提到之前时，只能用whom,不能用who。如：I have many friends to whom I can turn for help when in trouble.我有很多在

9、困难时刻可以求助的朋友。,The river which/that runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.穿过市中心的那条河给我们带来了很多欢乐。（which/that在从句中作主语，不可省略） Do you remember the holiday (which/that) we spent together? 你记得我们一起度过的那个假期吗？（which在从句中作宾语，可以省略） The message (which/that) you are looking for is in todays Chin

10、a Daily.你找的信息就在今天的中国日报上。（that, which在从句中作宾语，可以省略）,（口诀四） 关系若是表所属， whose用法不可无。 除此之外还有啥， whom, which加of。,I want to help the children, whose parents were injured or died in the earthquake. =I want to help the children, of whom the parents were injured or died in the earthquake. =I want to help the child

11、ren, the parents of whom were injured or died in the earthquake. We must repair the desks and chairs whose legs are broken. =We must repair the desks and chairs of which the legs are broken. =We must repair the desks and chairs the legs of which are broken.,（口诀五） 关系代词不一般， 介词经常用在前， 此时不用that, who， whi

12、ch, whom才安全 1. 根据时间、地点、原因跟介词的关系，用“介词+which”替代when, where, why (1) 代when Ill never forget the day on which (=when) my son was born. 我永远忘不了我儿子出生的那一天。（on根据on the day确定） The year in which (=when) the earthquake happened was 2008. 发生地震的那年是2008年。（in根据the year确定）,(2) 替代where This is the office in which (=w

13、here) I used to work. 这就是我过去工作过的办公室。（in根据the office确定） He forgot the exact spot on which (=where) he had hidden the jewelry. 他忘记了埋藏珠宝的确切地点。（on根据the spot确定） (3) 替代why Id like you to explain the reason for which (=why) you refused my offer. 我想让你解释一下你拒绝我的帮助的原因。（for根据the reason确定）,2. 根据与先行词搭配的具体意义确定介词 I

14、ll never forget the time during which I was with my friends in the country. 我永远不会忘记和朋友们一起在乡村度过的时光。(during根据the time确定) I will offer you a better way in which you can do the job. 我要给你提供一个做这项工作较好的办法。(in根据a better way确定) 3. 根据定语从句中动词或形容词的搭配确定介词 She bought several clothes, on which she spent all her mon

15、ey. 她买了几件衣服，这些衣服花光了她所有的钱。（on根据spendon确定） It is the grammar rules of which I am not sure. 我没有把握的就是语法规则。（of根据be sure of确定）,4. 根据定语从句所表达的具体意思确定介词 Can you see the river across which there is a bridge? 你能看见上面有座桥的那条河？ He is swimming in the river, on which there is a boat. 他在那条河里游泳，河面上有一只小船。 Here is the river in which I used to swim. 这儿就是我过去常在里面游泳的那条河。,【注意】 有些“动词+介词”短语被视为一个固定的词组，不可分割。这时不能把介词置于关系代词前，如：listen to, look at, look for, look after, care for, hear from, send for 等。 This is the right book for which Im lookin