英美文化概况

1、,Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me. I lift my lamp beside the golden door.,THE STATUE OF LIBERTY,SOME OF INTERESTING FIGURES Statue completed in Paris: June 1884 Statu

2、e presented to America by the people of France: July 4, 1884 Statue dismantled and shipped to US: Early 1885 Date of Acceptance by President: October 28, 1886 Part of Acceptance Statement by President Cleveland: We will not forget that liberty here made her home; nor shall her chosen altar be neglec

3、ted. Date designated a National Monument: October 15, 1924 Height from base to torch: 151 1 (46.50m) Heel to top of head: 111 1 (33.86m),THE STATUE OF LIBERTY,The Old Custom House Through New York Harbour,THE PRESENT ISLAND AS NATIOANL MUSEUM,Europe in the 16th and 17th century,The feudal system of

4、serfdom prevailed. Art and learning were Controlled by the church,The first force,The second force,Renaissance a changing outlook on life God-centered world and even the authority of the Bible were challenged by the great progress in natural and social science The development of technology was pushe

5、d,The third force,The Settlement in VIRGINIA (Jamestown 1607),Captain John Smith + John Rolfe (married princess of an Indian tribe chief),House of Burgesses + the governor and his council members,Ref: Burgesses: senator in Virginia or Maryland before the American Revolution,The first example for fut

6、ure United Sates discuss enactment of laws for colony (first meeting of an elected legislature a representative assembly),Puritan New England (Puritan 1620 in Massachusetts Bay),Followed the doctrine of John Calvin (everyone had a calling given by God; read the Bible to find Gods will and search for

7、 ones individual contact with God. ),Culture heritage of Puritan: value of individualism, hard work, respect of education,Catholic Maryland founder: the second Lord Baltimore; carried out his fathers will in 1632 (His father George Calvert, with a granted charter in 1623 from the King but died befor

8、e long.),Pointed a Protestant governor in 1648,Maryland Tolerance Act in 1649 (assured freedom of worship to all who believed in Jesus Christ) abandonment of Feudal plan and development of capitalism,Quaker Pennsylvania founder: William Penn (seeking a place for their religious belief which included

9、 people contact directly with God, the inner light, God is in everyones soul; simple but productive life, thrifty and self-denial) received a grant from King Charles II in 1681 for the 16000 pounds of debt,Penn made no restrictions on immigration government had no interference with individual religi

10、ous belief,The American revolution,British began to charge new taxes on sugar, coffee, textiles and other imported goods. The Quartering Act: force the colonies to house and feed British soldiers. No taxation without representation The colonists refused to obey the British laws, so British soldiers

11、were sent to Boston.,Boston Tea Party,In 1773, a group of patriots disguised as Indians, boarded British merchant ships and tossed 342 crates of tea into Boston harbor. Intolerable Acts was passed More British soldiers were sent to the port of Boston. In 1774 the First Continental Congress met in Ph

12、iladelphia. (urge Americans to disobey the Intolerable Acts and to boycott British trade) The colonists began to organize militias and collect and store weapon. On April, 1775, the first shot was fired when 700 British soldiers went to capture a colonial arms depot in the small town of Concord near

13、Boston. American War of Independence began.,Declaring independence,Declaration of Independence July 4th 1776 Colonists rights: unalienable rights (life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness) The war of independence came to an end in 1781 The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1783. (British had to recogn

14、ize the independence of the United States),George Washington (17321799),Founding Father of the United States; Delivered his inaugural Address in New York City On April 30,1789 On September 17,1796 Peacefully turned over the Power of the presidency to John Adams,Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790),Distinguished member of the Continental Congress that drafted the Declaration of Independence He and John Jay and John Adams negotiated the Treaty of Paris (1783), which ended the War for Independence.,Thomas Jefferson (17431826),Author of