英语阅读理解题型解题技巧猜测词义

1、,猜测词义,高中英语阅读理解解题技巧（一）,柳 丽,How to improve your reading ability（1）,题 型 及 解 题 技 巧,阅读理解,猜测词义,Guessing meanings,猜测词义题： 单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分，是历年高考中的必考题型，主要考查对文中关键词语（实词、短语、指代关系等）的理解。而且，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据语境（各种已知信息）来判断。,考纲解读,1.对考纲外生词的猜测,The underlined word cultivated ( paragraph 1 ) roughly means _.,2

2、.对考纲内熟词新义的猜测,The underlined word “hit” (paragraph 1 ) roughly means,4.对句义的猜测,When I got back out into the street, the world seemed brand-new to me. He was something out of an ancient legend,3.对代词的猜测,The underlined part “it” (in Para. 4) refers to_.,命题角度,If you come across new words,expressions and s

3、entences when reading,What will you do ?,Ignore them and continue reading,Look them up in the dictionary,Guess the meaning,1. Definition 定义法,3. Similarity 相似法,2. Contrast 对比法,4. Cause and effect 因果法,5. Example 例举法,8. Common Sense 普通常识,6. Word Formation 构词法,猜测词义,7. Context 上下文,定义法（Definition）,利用文章中对词

4、的定义猜测词义，由于作者知道某个词读者可能不认识，便在句中给该词下个定义以帮助读者理解。下定义是最容易辨认的一种语境线索，定义法的信号词多为:be, mean, deal with ,be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, , that is to say, in other words, represent, signify等；一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。,1 A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and t

5、hen drink blood. 2 A biography is the story of a persons life written by some one else.,4 The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.,3 It will be very hard but very brittle that is , it will break easily.,蚊子,传记,易碎的，脆的,牧羊人,Ex. 1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing w

6、ooden objects is called a carpenter. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. They are vertebrates,that is ,animals have backbones. The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short.,木匠,动物学家,脊椎动物,青春期,猜测词义题常用的提问方式 1. The word “” re

7、fers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _. 2. The word “” is most likely to mean_. 3. What do you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. 5. Find a word in the passage closest in meaning to the underlined word “”. .,Practice makes perfect,Read the followin

8、g passages and see if you understand rthe words or phrases that may be new to you: Passage 1 We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a s

9、hort time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane. 1. Acceleration is the name for _. A. any kind of movement B. the movement of a plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speed,Passage 2 A tornado can do a lot of damage. The wind of a tornado rushes at great speed around a fu

10、nnel-shaped cloud. It travels in a path a few hundred feet wide and about twenty-five miles long. As the wind circles, the funnel spirals higher and higher. 2 A tornado is a _. A. rainstorm B. dust storm C. great circle wind D. huge funnel of water,Passage 3 STOCKHOLMA Swede and two Americans won th

11、e 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine on Oct. 9 for studies on how messages move around the nervous system. The discovery makes it possible to develop drugs against Parkinsons disease and schizophrenia. Arvid Carlson of Sweden and Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel of the United States share the first prize o

12、f the millennium, worth nearly US$ 1 million, for their discoveries, Swedens Karlinska Institute said. 3. What does the underlined word “schizophrenia” probably mean? A. a kind of illness B. a new discovery C. a name of a subject D. a new drug,Passage 4 New York: when the first jet struck 1 World Tr

13、ade Center at 8:48 am on Tuesday, the people in 2 World Trade Center with a view of the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast. Among the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed

14、people to stay put, telling them that the building was in good condition and the threat was limited to the other tower. 4. The underlined words “stay put” means_. A. to keep silent B. to leave at once C. to stay in the building D. to put everything back and then leave,Passage 5 All the athletes try

15、to be at the closing ceremony. They have forgotten all their fears and worries. It does not matter whether they have done well or not. All the teams walk round the stadium together. Everybody in the village clears up and gets ready to leave. Everyone is hunting for local products. People exchange track suits, hats, running vest and so on.