开放式作文.ppt

1、开放式作文,写作技巧,第二节：短文写作（2010湖北卷） 请你根据以下提示，结合生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈微笑的作用。 The best example of universally understood body language may be the smile. A smile can help us get through difficult situation and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can open doors and tear down walls. 注意：无须写标题； 内容只需涉及一个方面

2、； 词数为100左右。,第二节：短文写作（2011湖北卷） 请根据以下提示，结合你校园生活中的一个事例，就与人合作这一话题，用英语写一篇短文。 Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn about team work. Teamwork shows us how other peoples roles fit the purpose of the group, and it teaches to be patient and how to respond to different people. 注意：无须写标题，不得照抄英语

3、提示语； 除诗歌外，文体不限； 内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例； 文中不得透漏个人姓名和学校名称； 词数为100左右。,请根据以下提示，结合你生活中的一个事例，用英语写一篇短文。（2012高考考试说明） A bad experience is an experience as well. You can learn from your mistakes and situations you were not happy about. 注意：无须写标题，不得照抄英语提示语； 除诗歌外，文体不限； 内容必须结合你生活中的一个事例； 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称； 词数为120左右。,A say

4、ing goes that failure is the mother of success .No matter what bad things or good things we have experienced ,we should learn a lot from them .Life gives us many wonderful things ,it will also give us some terrible things to keep the balance of happiness and sorrow .Once there was an exam ,no matter

5、 how much I studied hard , I failed the test .I looked at the grade on the paper feeling frustrated .It puzzled me .My friends told me that I couldnt give up .I also made the promise that I must succeed .I worked harder than before .I often asked the teachers questions ,and I discussed the problems

6、with my classmates .As a result ,I got a very good grade .I was so happy . I realized that the bad experience gave me that .As you can see ,a bad experience can also give you the good result .So we should be thankful to the things that life gives us .,26,Its to be noted that failure is the mother of

7、 success .There are many people who had tried many times but failed last .The reason why they failed is that they didnt hold up to their dreams .And another essential reason is that they dont know how to absorb the experience from their failure . I had been a loser too .So I know how a man felt when

8、 he failed .I used to be frustrated and suffered a lot .But now ,Im aware of the power of my heart .As well as Im concerned, on no account must you give up your dream, if you really want to accomplish it . We can learn from our mistakes and the experience well gain. I believe the harder you work, th

9、e more successful youll be!,26,Last year, I lost myself into computer games .Then it was obvious that I got bad grades in the final exams. Before the exams, I played computer games every day. Usually I stayed up very late. Affected by the games, I learned to deal with the problems in violent way. I

10、often had words with my parents because they said I should not play the games but I couldnt leave them. Later, I had had no word with my parents for a long time. Until the exams .They didnt control me. Too many games accounted for bad grades. The grades were extremely bad and I didnt dare to make my

11、 parents know that. But they knew those from my teacher at last. And they were very angry and talked with me the whole night. Then I decided to stop the games and start to study. This must be an experience which is bad, but it is my own wealth as well. Because of that, I can stop the games and put m

12、yself into the studies. Thanks for this bad experience, it helps me indeed.,29,About a year ago I became a student of a key high school. I felt extremely proud and excited about my totally new life, but soon after that I found that things were quite different from what I had expected before. At the

13、very beginning of the new term, I ran into trouble, which upset me quite a bit. Some of my classmates were unfriendly to me. They laughed at my accent and joked about my clothes. Feeling unhappy and lonely, I burst out crying one day. When my English teacher knew what I had experienced, he gave me t

14、imely help and encouragement as well as some advice about how to fit in with my classmates. With my teachers help, Ive become happier and made great progress. Whats more, I am getting on well with my classmates now. Influenced by my teacher, I often help people in need.,开放式作文的答题思路,明确主题， 根据主题搭建文章的主体结

15、构，即写作提纲（主题突出，层次分明） 进行文章血肉的填充,提高写作水平的建议,一：使用“高级词汇” （大纲中没有列入或没有识记要求，但在实际运用中却出现比较频繁的词汇，比如frustration, awfully等词） 1）I cant find any way to solve the problem. 2） The question is really difficult to understand. 3）He had to face all the possible difficulties.,I cant find any solution to the problem.,The qu

16、estion is really confusing.,He had to cope with all the possible difficulties.,二：使用同义词 使用相应的同义词替代使用频率非常高的常用词，做到与众不同，给评卷者带来清新的感觉。 1）It will be very interesting. 2）He was such a clever boy . 3) Last winter I visited Hainan Island with my parents.,It will be a lot of fun.,He was such a smart boy .,Last

17、 winter I toured Hainan Island with my parents.,三：适当利用短语取代单词 使用短语的难度比单词要大一些，因此适当运用短语更能显出考生的功力。例如： 1）Suddenly I had a good idea. 2）Take a moment to see what is happening around you. 3）Everyone should do his or her best. 4）Im extremely busy now.,Suddenly I came up with a good idea.,Take a moment to se

18、e what is going on around you.,Everyone is supposed to do his or her best.,Im now as busy as a bee.,四：应用较多的语法结构 固定句式（如感叹句、复合结构、强调句型等）、定语从句、非谓语动词等都属于较复杂的语法结构。这些结构的正确使用，可以使文章的语言充满层次感。 1）使用固定句式 The environment will never improve until everybody takes care of it. 2）使用定语从句 My favorite writer is Ruddy Doy

19、le. I think he is a genius.,Not until everybody takes care of it will the environment improve.,My favorite writer is Ruddy Doyle, who I think is a genius.,3）使用非谓语动词短语，使句子的表达更加简洁、生动，前后两个动作的衔接更加紧密。 Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another and this bridges the gap among different races

20、or cultures.,Nowadays, we can easily travel from one place to another, thus bridging the gap among different races or cultures.,五：上下文的连贯性 评分标准指出，书面表达应该注意“上下文的连贯性”，并能“有效地使用语句间的连接成份，使全文结构紧凑”。这里说的连贯性，就是指通过连接词（包括并列连词，从属连词和连接性副词）、非谓语动词短语等语法成分，使两个或多个意义相互关联的事情或观点在同一个句子内得以表达，从而使整个段落或篇章浑然一体，连贯流畅。,1、使用连接性副词 a

21、lso, furthermore, in addition, additionally, hopefully, meanwhile, however, instead, in other words, in brief, in a word, in my opinion等等。 1）We have many things to do. We believe we can finish before the day is over. 2）The boy comes from a poor family. The boy does very well in his studies. The boy

22、plans to work his way through college.,We have quite a lot to do. Hopefully, we will be able to finish before the day is over.,Even though he comes from a poor family, the boy does very well in his studies; furthermore, he plans to work his way through college.,2、使用从属连词 常见的从属连词有after, as, when, whil

23、e, as long as, as soon as等。 You work hard and never give up. You will succeed in your studies.,So long as you work hard and never give up, you will succeed in your studies.,3、准确使用过渡词 常见的过渡词语按其表达功能分为以下几类。 1) 递进型: besides, otherwise, what s more, thus, moreover, even 2) 解释型: that is ( to say) ,in othe

24、r words, or, in the same way 3) 转折型: however, but, yet 4) 列举型: firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally； first , then, after that, at last; on the one hand ， on the other ( hand) 5) 举例型: for example, for instance, such as, like, and so on, that is, namely 6) 让步型: though, although, in spite of, much as I like that 7) 归纳型: in conclusion, in a word, in the end, at last, finally, after all, in short, in general, generally speaking,根据下面的提示，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。 谈谈对考试的看法。,思路分析：本文是一篇议论文。考试有好处有坏处，先说明好处：可以检验学生学的情况和教师教的情况；再说明过多考试的坏处：增加学生的负担，使学生失去学习兴趣。最后总结出你的看法。,In my opinion, examinations are necessar