高中英语定语从句讲课用

1、The Attributive Clause,学习方法指导,概念 定义 先行词 关系词 （关系代词和关系副词） 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 引导词：关系代词和关系副词的区别 关系代词的用法： whose 的用法 that，which的用法 关系副词的用法 介词+关系词引导的定语从句 定语从句的主谓一致,关于定语从句，学生需要掌握的内容：,、概念：,用来修饰名词或者代词起定语作用的句子叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词叫做关系词，被修饰的词叫做先行词。例如： She is the girl whom I am looking for.,先行词,关系代词,This is the

2、village where she grew up.,先行词,关系副词,、引导定语从句的关系词:,指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系whose=the n.+ of whomwhich 指地点 where 指时间 when 指原因 why,.选用关系词应注意什么？ 1)一般定语从句的结构是 “先行词+关系代/副词+从句”。 (牢固树立这一概念后，可减少很多不该出现的错误。),2)：选用关系代词，还是关系副词 关键是： 如何选择关系词。(将先行词代入句子中，能够直接代入就能构成完整的句子用关系代词，不能直接代入需加介词才能构成完整的句子是关系副词）,3)

3、选用关系词,依据它在从句中所做的成分来确定： (1)关系代词(that， which，who，whom等)主要用作主语和宾语； (2)关系副词(when， where，why)主要用作状语； (3)作定语时用whose。,1）This is the village_ I stayed last year. 2）This is the mountain village _ I visited last year.,where,that/which,牛刀小试：,3）aMay 1 is the day _Ill never forget bMay 1 is the day_we spent toge

4、ther cMay 1 is the day _I joined the army Athat /which Bwhen,A,A,B,.总结关系代词在从句中的作用：,. whose从句可转换为“ of +关系代词”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,There are

5、 20 students in this class, _ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose,Have a try:,.定语从句中的关系副词有：,when, where, why,Eg.Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.,on which,2.where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which） Eg.This is

6、the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,Eg. Do you know the reason why she was late?,for which,用 that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why填空 : 1.The house _ I would like to buy is not for sale. 2.The thief _ had robbed the man was caught by the policeman. 3.He is the old man _ Mr. Li h

7、elped yesterday. 4.I saw some trees _ leaves were black with disease. 5.I know Mary very well _ mother is a teacher.,that / which,who / that,who / that / whom,whose,whose,练一练,6. The office _ he works is on the third floor. 7. I was in Beijing on the day _ he arrived. 8.Is that the reason _ you were

8、late for school this morning?,where,in which,when,on which,why,for which,思考：是不是当先行词是表示地点、时间、原因的名词时，引导词就用 where, when, why ?,1.I will never forget the days _ we spent together in the beautiful and quiet villages. 2.I will never forget the days _ we studied in the high school together. A. which B. whe

9、n,B,A,总结：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于引导词在从句中充当的成份：,做状语,用关系副词，,做主语，宾语，表语,用关系代词,牛刀小试：,3.This is the house _ they lived 5 years ago. 4.This is the house _ they sold to me 5 years ago. A. where B. which 5.This is the reason _ Bob gave me for his absence. 6.This is the reason _ Bob was absent from yesterdays meeting.

10、A. whichB. why,A,B,A,B,7. Do you remember the day _ your sister was graduated as a Master of Arts? A. which B. on which C. about which D. 不填,B,= when,当作出判断选用关系副词时，关系副词可以换为相应的介词+关系代词： when 可换成 on/in/by/ + which; where 可换成 at/in/from/ +which; why 可换成 for + which,1. Is there anything else _ you require

11、? A. which B. that C. who D. what,1.先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词时，关系代词用,that,.若判断用什么关系代词，则需注意在下面6种情况下只能用that引导：,2. He talked happily about the men and books _ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 3. There is no dictionary _ you

12、can find everything. A. that B. which C. where D. in that,4. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it,5. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it,2.先行词为人和物的组合,3.先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时,4.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰或先行词前the last, the

13、very, the only 等时。,5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。,6. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom,6.先行词在定语从句中作表语时，用that,.掌握定语从句，还需掌握以下几点：1.根据实际需要，关系词前需要加适当的介词，即介词+关系词,（1）介词+关系代词（先行词是人，介词+whom； 先行词是物， 介词+which） （2）介词+关系副词（比较常见的结构是：from wher

14、e）,根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的习惯搭配 He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .,关系代词前介词的确定：,on,2.主语和谓语一致: 1） 关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。 The boy who _（正站在门口）at the door is my son.,is standing,2）在one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。 This is one of the best books that have ever been wri

15、tten on the subject.,3）在“the only one of the +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，one 是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。例如： This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.,4）当先行词为case, point, situation, condition, stage, position 等抽象名词时用where来引导定语从句，先行词为occasion 时用when 来引导定语从句,. as引导定语从句，充当关系代

16、词的用法：,1)当先行词前面出现such, so , as ,the same时，定语从句用as引导： (1) Such things as he said are usually untrue. (2)I have never read so interesting a book as you have talked about. 但是as在非限制性定语从句中，先行词是整个主句。 As we have pointed out, few people are total winners or losers.,2）which 和 as的区别： which 位置只能在主句后，它只能位于句中，而as

17、 可前可后，它可以置于句首或句中； as 正如， which 这一点。 as的固定用法： As is well known, As we all know, As often happens, As is often the case,（1）The earth , as is known to us all, turns around the sun. （2）Tom drinks a lot every day, which makes his wife angry.,正如,这一点,高考链接 能力提升,1. Many children， parents are away working in

18、big cities，are taken good care of in the village. （09安徽） A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 2. What do you think of teacher ,Bob？ I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting (09北京）. A. where B. which C. when D. that 3. Its helpful to put childr

19、en in a situation _ they can see themselves differently( 09福建）. A. that B. when C. which D. where,（09海南）4. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these （09陕西）5. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with

20、 which C. about which D. into which,6I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. Which B. where C. how D. why （09重庆）7. Lifeislikealongrace _wecompetewithotherstogo beyondourselves. A. whyB. what C. thatD. where,（09全国2 ）8. My friend showed me round the town, was

21、very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it （10全国1）9. As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_is named after his grandfather A which B where C what D. that,（10全国2）10. I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. A. who B. that C. as D. what （10陕西）11.The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair A. where B. which C. its D. whose,（10四川）12After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision Ath