跨文化交际实用教程胡超编著Unit 1.ppt

1、Intercultural Communication,Culture is a Bridge.,Unit 1 An Introduction,Objectives,Learn the purpose of learning the course. Learn the notions of Culture, Communication and Intercultural Communication. Learn the differences between Chinese and Western cultures,I. Warm-up Cases,Please discuss the cas

2、es in groups and make a comment on it. Case 1: Showing Concern In China: Xiao Li (an interpreter): You must be very tired. Youre old Catherine (an elderly American lady): Oh, Im NOT old, and Im NOT tired.,In the West, there is a value placed in being young that many people consciously, or subconscio

3、usly, are not willing to accept that they are growing old. A: How are you doing now? Would you like to rest? B: No, not a bit.,Comment,The way of showing concern is different.,In China In the West,statement,question,VS,must,how would,I. Warm-up Cases,Case 2: A Canadian colleague and I traveled to Gu

4、ilin with our admirable guide Heping Liu in very hot weather. Sightseeing is a thirsty business. We did not trust the water, and enjoyed excellent beer. We politely offered some to Heping but he refused. We said nothing and drank our beer, while poor Heping watched. On another day, Heping quickly ac

5、cepted our offer of beer.,I. Warm-up Cases,Questions for discussion: In your daily life, do you often accept first offer? If yes, in what situation?,I. Warm-up CasesComment,First offer,Chinese,Westerners,Second or third offer,Religious reasons Reformed alcoholic Allergic,Modest Polite Well-behaved,P

6、eople are different throughout the world, culturally, religiously, ideologically ,aidildikali (思想上；意识形态上) and racially, actually different in almost every aspect.,Why to take Intercultural Communication?,Throughout this course, you will have the opportunity to gain knowledge, skills and attitudes th

7、at will increase your intercultural communication competence.,Therefore, we are supposed to know about their differences as much as possible, just for a smooth communication among the Homo sapiens(现代人), the people in the global village.,The Objectives To explore cultural self-awareness, other cultur

8、e awareness and the dynamics that arise in interactions between the two. To understand how communication processes differ among cultures. To identify challenges arise from these differences in intercultural interactions and learn ways to creatively address them. To acquire knowledge and develop skil

9、ls that increase intercultural competence.,Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.,i. What is culture?,II. Culture, Communica

10、tion, and Intercultural Communication,4. Characteristics of Culture,Culture is shared.,2) Culture is not innate, it is learned.,3) Culture is based on symbols.,4) Culture is an integrated system.,5) Culture is dynamic.,Culture is ethnocentric,enusentrik (民族中心主义的;种族优越感的) .,7) Culture is adaptive.,i.

11、What is culture?,i. What Is Communication?,II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication,Communication is a process in which people attempt to share their internal states with other people through the use of symbols.,II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication,2. The Fu

12、nctions of Communication gather information about others. help fulfill interpersonal needs. establish personal identities. influence others.,We learn to communicate.,II. Culture, Communication, and Intercultural Communication,1. Intercultural Communication,Intercultural Communication means communica

13、tion between people from different cultural backgrounds.,iii. What Is Intercultural Communication?,2.Model of Intercultural Communication,16,The more similarities two cultures share, the less influence culture will have on communication. Therefore, the less messages will be changed during communicat

14、ion. The less the cultures are alike, the more likely the messages will be changed. Misunderstanding in intercultural communication often arises here.,iv. Exercises 1. Match the terms with their definitions,A. culture B. communication C. ethnocentrism D. intercultural communication E. business commu

15、nication ( )1. The belief that your own cultural background, including ways of analyzing problems, values, beliefs, language, and verbal and nonverbal communication, is superior. ( )2. The total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are sha

16、red, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.,C,A,( )3. A process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior, or the exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals, wri

17、ting, or behavior. ( )4.The communication is within business and administration, aiming at a common objective and profits for both the individuals and organizations. ( )5. The communication between people from different cultures when a member of one culture produces a message for consumption by a me

18、mber of another culture.,B,E,D,III. The Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures,Please list 4 characteristics of Chinese, and another 4 of Americans.,1. The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese people,Saving Face,Hardworking,Formal,1. The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,In

19、sensitive to time,Tending to misunderstand,Beating about the bush,1. The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,Obey but not Follow,Being doubtful,Being content,2. The attitudes by foreigners towards Chinese People,Never kiss parents,fake everywhere,2. The attitudes by Chinese towards Wester

20、ners,Kiss and hug anytime and anywhere,2. The attitudes by Chinese towards Westerners,Being punctual,Mind your own business,Too frank,The way of making comments The way of life Punctuality Standing in a queue Time for a shower Daily life of elderly people,List the differences between Chinese and Wes

21、tern cultures.,7. Voice of talking in public 8. Idea of oneself 9. Leadership 10. Family 11. Education 12. Colors,The differences between Chinese and Western cultures.,The way of making comments,Direct vs Indirect,28,The way of life,Individual vs Group,29,Punctuality,On time vs Late,30,Standing in a

22、 queue,Line vs Fan,31,Time for a shower,In the morning vs in the evening,32,Daily life of elderly people,With a dog vs with a child,33,Voice of talking in public,Low vs high,34,Idea of oneself,Individual-centered vs group-centered,35,Leadership,Equal vs power,Western: small, intimate family, retirem

23、ent home, the old are separated, children leave early; being independent and look after themselves. Parents never interfere with their children affairs when they are old enough.,Family,Old separated,Young independent,Chinese Family,Traditional: big family,modern: nuclear family,(A photo of Ba Jins F

24、amily),Western: performance oriented, little rote(死记硬背) memory, ability to solve problems; practical competence of running a business is more important.,Education,Eastern: experience oriented, much memorization, the more experienced you are, the more popular you will be; you will be regarded well-ed

25、ucated if you can recite some ancient poems.,The US students in class,The Chinese students in class,A wedding ceremony,Colors,A funeral,V. Summary,Why take Intercultural Communication? Culture Communication Intercultural Communication The Differences between Chinese and Western Cultures,VI. Assignme

26、nts,i. Exercises (P12-15) (A,C,E,G) ii. Spoken or written work 1. What do you think about the culture invasion in E-times? As a college student, what you can do in such a social context? 2. What do you think about intercultural communication in E-times? In your eyes, is it a course everyone should l

27、earn or not? 3. Asking yourself: Am I an ethnocentrist or just the opposite? Then please write a paper on how to be a successful intercultural communicator. 4. Do you agree that culture is the key to intercultural communication? Explain your reasons. 5. Explain how and why communication and culture

28、are linked.,Exercises A. Comprehension Check,Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). _ 1. As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. However, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty years. _2. Intercultural Communication as a

29、discipline first started in Europe. _3. Culture is a static entity while communication is a dynamic process. _4. Culture can be seen as shared knowledge, what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given culture. _5. Although cultural stereotype has its limitations (over-generalizati

30、on), it still contributes to a persons cultural cognition.,T,F,F,T,T,_6. In intercultural communication, we should separate ones individual character from cultural generalization. _7. Cultural mistakes are more serious than linguistic mistakes. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully

31、expressing his or her idea while cultural mistakes can lead to serious misunderstanding and even ill-feeling between individuals. _8. All people of the same nationality will have the same culture. _9. Although two cultures may share the same ideas, their meaning and significance may not be the same.

32、 _10. Ones actions are totally independent of his or her culture.,T,T,F,T,F,Exercises C. Euphemism Understanding,Give the Chinese equivalents of the following euphemisms.,landscape engineer 园林工人 tonsorial artist 理发师 sanitation engineer 清道夫/清洁工 shoe rebuilder 补鞋匠,Exercises E. Cultural Puzzles,Read th

33、e following situations and choose the appropriate answer(s). There may be more than one possible answer for each cultural puzzle. 1. What would you do if someone told you to use his or her first name, but you felt uncomfortable doing this? a. You could continue to use the persons last name without e

34、xplaining why. b. You could try to use the persons first name even though you feel uncomfortable doing this. c. You could ask the person, “Is it OK if I use your last name?”,Key,1. a) No. Ignoring others suggestion is impolite and offensive. B) Yes. When you try something new, it may be difficult at

35、 first. After a while, you will get accustomed to it. C) Yes. You could learn about others customs by asking for cultural explanations.,2. Situation: An American woman received a letter from a recently married Japanese friend. The Japanese woman wrote in her letter, “My husband is not very handsome. Your husband is much more handsome than mine.” The American woman was very surprised at what her friend wrote. 1) Why do you think the American was surprised? a) The American woman saw a picture