人教版高一英语必修一Unit 2 词汇

1、Unit 2 English Around the World,Words and expressions,Official n. （文职）官员 adj. 官方的，正式的 Eg: My father is an officer in the army, while his father is an official in the government. 注意：officer常指身着特定制服的官员，如军官；official常指政府官员，行政官员。 短语： official duties 公职 official routine 例行公事 official language 官方语言,voyage

2、n. 航行，航海 v. 航行，航海 短语： make/take/go on a voyage 去航海 on the outward voyage 在出航途中 on the homeward voyage 在回航途中 Eg: The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.,conquer v. (1)占领，攻克，征服 Eg：The Normans conquered England in 1066. (2)（尤指在比赛，赛跑中等）击败，战胜 Eg: The world champion conquered another challenger last night.

3、 (3)（成功地）对付，克服，控制 Eg: The only way to conquer a fear is to face it.,because of 因为，由于 because of 是复合介词，表示原因，意为“因为”，后接名词，代词或宾语从句，在句中作状语。 because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。 Eg：He is absent today because of his illness. He is absent today because he is ill.,拓展： because of 的同义短语 thanks to 多亏，由于；作表语或状语 owin

4、g to 由于；作表语或状语 as a result of 由于；作状语 on account of 因为；作状语 due to （不能用于句首）由于；作表语或状语,native (1)native 作形容词，意为“本国的；本地的”，此时仅用作前置定语。 搭配： ones native land/country 祖国 ones native language 本国语，母语 ones native place 出生地 注意： be native to 意为“（动植物）（某地）特有的，原产于某地” Eg： The giant panda is native to China. be native

5、of 意为“出生于某地的人” (2)native作名词，意为“本国人；本地人”或“某地的动植物”,come up （1）走近；赶上，上来 Eg： A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station. （2）（太阳，月亮）升起 Eg: The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up. （3）被提出讨论，被谈到；引起注意 Eg: Your question came up at the meeting.,注意： come up作“被提出”“被谈到”讲时为不及物动词，不用于被

6、动语态，它用于下列两种结构中：sb come up with sth 和 sth come up.,base vt.或n. （1）建于之上，以为根据 搭配：baseon/upon 把建立在上 be based on/upon 建立在基础上 Eg：The film is based on a novel by Mark Twain. One should always base his opinion on facts. (一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。） （2）底部，根基，基础 Eg：We camped at the base of the mountain.,辨析,base与ba

7、sis base表示具体含义，意为“根基”“基础”“底座” Eg：the base of a building 建筑物的根基 basis表示抽象含义，即“非物质方面的基础” Eg: the economic basis 经济基础,present n. adj. vt. (1)作形容词时，若表示“在场的，出席的”，通常做表语或后置定语，固定词组为be present at,意为“出席”，其反义词组为be absent from，意为“缺席”；若表示“现有的，现在的”，通常作前置定语。 eg：Were you present when the news was announced? You can

8、t use it in its present condition.,(2)作名词时，表示“目前，现在”，多与the连用，常用词组为at present=at the present time，意为“目前，现在”。 其他搭配：for the present 意为“暂时” the present，意为“当前，目前” Eg: Im afraid I cant help you at present. Im too busy.,(3)作名词时，还可以表示“礼物”，含有“礼物是捐赠的”意思。 常用词组为make sb a present of sth，意为“将某物赠送给某人” Eg： He admir

9、ed my old typewriter very much, so I made him a present of it. (4)作动词时，意为“赠送，给予”，后可接双宾语，也可以表示“（尤指向级别及地位较高的人）正式介绍引见某人”。,搭配： present sth to sb 把某物捐赠给某人 present sb with sth 把某物送给某人 present sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人 Eg: When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him. The mayor presente

10、d the winner with a silver cup. Mr. Smith, may I present Mr. White?,enrich vt. （1）充实，使丰富，使富含（某物） 搭配： enrich sth with sth 用丰富，充实 be enriched with 添加（富含）某物 Eg: The study of science has enriched all our lives. Most breakfast cereals are enriched with vitamins. （2）使富有，使富裕 Eg：They were accused of using t

11、heir position to enrich themselves.,make use of 利用，使用 Eg: You must make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 搭配： make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make better use of 更好地利用 make the best use of 最好地利用,latter adj. （提及的两者中的）后者的，（系列中）最后的，末尾的 Eg： Many people support the former, but p

12、ersonally I favour the latter. (形近词) later adv. 以后，后来，随后 adj. 后来的，以后的 late有两种比较级和最高级形式，两者对比： 指时间 表示“后来” later latest 指顺序 表示“后一个，后者” latter last,identity n. （1）身份，本身，本体（人） identity card (ID card) 身份证 identity certificate 身份证明 eg: The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer. v. Identi

13、fy 确认，证明，鉴定；发现 eg: Can you identify your umbrella among these?,fluent adj. （1）（尤指外语）流利的，文字流畅的 搭配： be fluent in sth 在方面流利的 Eg： She is fluent in Polish. （2）流畅的，熟练的 Eg： The letter was written in fluent handwriting.,such as （1）例如 such as 和 for example/instance都可作“例如”讲，但such as用来例举事物，放在被列举的事物和前面的名词之间。其后直

14、接跟名词，没有逗号，一般不与and so on连用；for example/instance用来举例说明，可用作插入语用在句子中，后面一般有逗号。 Eg： Students learn many subjects at school, such as English, physics, and chemistry. A lot of people here, for example, Mr. Johnson, would rather have coffee.,注意： such as 不将前面所述的数量全部列出。 Eg：（误） He knows five languages, such as

15、Chinese, Russian, English, French and Spanish. （正）He knows five languages,namely Chinese, Russian, English, French and Spanish. （2）such作形容词，可与as在剧中分开使用，表示“像这样的”，as是关系代词，引导定语从句，作主语或宾语。 Eg： I never heard such stories as he told. Opportunities such as this didnt come every day.,频度副词,总是 always 通常 usuall

16、y 常常 often/frequently 有时 sometimes 偶尔 occasionally 很少 seldom/rarely 从未 never,command n. vt. （1）n. 命令，指令，控制，掌握；运用力 Eg：The army is under the kings direct command. He has a good command of French. （2）vt. 指挥，命令 搭配：command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 command that(should) do 命令 Eg：The policeman commanded the thi

17、ef to stop. The teacher commanded that he (should) go out of the classroom.,注意,command作“掌握”讲且前面有修饰语时，常加不定冠词。 command作“命令”讲且后接宾语/同位语/表语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即(should+)do,should可以省略。 拓展： be in command of sb 在某人控制之下 under sbs command 在某人的指挥之下,精通,对很了解,have a good command of have a good grasp of have a good knowl

18、edge of have a good understanding of,request n. vt. （1） n. 要求，请求，请求的事物 Eg：We should make a request for help. My request is that you (should) help me. （2）vt. 要求，请求 搭配： request + n./pron. request + n./pron. + to do request + sth from sb request + that(从句)，要用虚拟语气。 Eg：The workers requested a rise in the

19、 salary. May I request you to stop talking? I requested the dictionary from him. I requested that he (should) come an hour earlier.,拓展： by request 应邀；依照 at the request of =at ones request 应的要求 make a request 请求 Eg： He sang a song by request. It was obvious that she was there at Rays request.,play a part in (1)在中担任角色=play a role in (2)在中起作用；参与 Eg：Electricity plays an important part in our daily life. This actress played a part in this m