Grammar.ppt动词Ving形式作状语

1、Module 2,Grammar 1,Fantasy Literature,动词-ing 形式作状语,1.What is adverbial(状语)? 状语是用来修饰句中谓语动词或整个句子的成分，表示动作行为或状态发生的时间、地点、原因方式等，因此就有相应的时间状语、地点状语、原因状语等。状语可由副词、介词短语或状语从句充当。 He often reads the newspaper at night if he has nothing else to do. 2. Can V-ing form be used as adverbial?,Decide what kinds of adverb

2、ial each v-ing acts as., but as he stood trying to clear his head, he saw a cat. 2. The king takes the woman to his palace and marries her, not knowing that she is a wicked witch. 3. Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped with joy. 4. Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. 5. Earning l

3、ess money now, he lives more happily. 6. Travelling by jeep, he visited a number of cities. 7. His parents died in an accident, leaving him an orphan.,伴随,原因,时间,条件,让步,方式,结果,Walking along the street, he met his old friend. 2. Being ill, he didnt go to school. 3. Working hard, you will succeed.,时间状语从句,

4、条件状语从句,原因状语从句,Change the following sentences into complex sentences.,When/While he was walking along the street, he met his old friend.,Because he was ill, he didnt go to school.,If you work hard, you will succeed.,4. Living alone, the old man was happy. Though the old man lives alone, he was happy.

5、 5. The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm. The boy fell off his bike, and broke his right arm. 6. He sat at the table, reading a magazine. He sat at the table, and read a magazine at the same time.,让步状语从句,等同于并列谓语表结果,等同于并列谓语表方式/伴随,结论：现在分词短语作状语时，相当于相应的状语从句或并列谓语结构。,Putting down his shopping

6、 bag , Will held out his hand, and the cat came up to him. Still watching , Will saw the cat behave strangely. When it had gone past he crossed the road , keeping his eyes on the place where the cat had vanished. Bending to look through, he saw the road in his own town, his own world. Feeling that h

7、e was dreaming but awake at the same time, he stood up and looked around for the cat.,1. comma,2. refer to the same person. 主语一致,What do these sentences have in common?,3. V-ing 表示的动作与主语之间是主动关系。,4. two things happening at the same time or one thing happening immediately after another,紧接着发生,同时发生,同时发生

8、,紧接着发生,SB P18 Act.3/4,同时发生,改错 1.Turning around, a car knocked him down. Turning around, he was knocked down by a car. When he turned around, a car knocked him down/ he was knocked down by a car. He turning around, a car knocked him down. 2. Getting off the train, the police arrested him. Getting off

9、 the train, he was arrested by the police. As soon as he got off the train, the police arrested him/he was arrested by the police. He getting off the train, the police arrested him. 3.While running, his leg got injured. While running, he had his leg injured. While he was running, his leg got injured

10、 / he had his leg injured.,改错 4.On getting through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes. Upon getting through the hole, he saw a different world in front of his eyes. When he got through the hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes/ he saw a different world in front

11、 of his eyes. Upon his getting through hole, a different world appeared in front of his eyes.,注意：现在分词作状语时,一般都可变成一个状语从句。注意以下两种特殊情况。 1. 现在分词做时间状语时相当于一个时间状语从句，其前面可加when, while 等词(后跟延续性动词)；也可改写为“ on /upon + doing”形式(此时分词为瞬间动词)。 1.Standing by the road, Will saw a cat. =While/When standing by the road, Wi

12、ll saw a cat. 2.Hearing todays assignment, the students let out a cry of relief. =On/Upon hearing todays assignment, the students let out a cry of relief.,Grammar 2,Conclusion:1. V-ing 的否定式为 not + v-ing 2. V-ing 前可以有介词或连词。,Finish activity 1 on p20, then answer the question.,On seeing her, the king i

13、mmediately falls in love with her. He marries her, not knowing who she really is. Before leaving his kingdom, he calls his son to him. After thinking about the situation, he decides to kill the witch himself. While sitting by a pool, Ferdinand sees a frog.,What can you conclude from theses sentences

14、?,P20-21 Act. 2/3,2. 现在分词做结果状语时， 可在其前加上thus 等表示结果的副词。 The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, and that made it one of the best sellers at that time. The book sold more than 500,000 copies a year, thus making it one of the best sellers at that time.,The hot-air balloon exploded and caused 19 d

15、eaths. In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold medals, next to the US, and thus ranked second. The Rocket performed much better in yesterdays match and thus won its first victory in this season.,The hot-air balloon exploded, causing 19 deaths. In the London Olympic Games, China won 39 gold me

16、dals, next to the US, thus ranking second. The Rocket performed much better in yesterdays match, thus winning its first victory in this season.,Advanced producing technology was introduced from abroad, which resulted in a decrease in pollution. Advance producing technology was introduced from abroad

17、, thus resulting in a decrease in pollution.,Find out the time order between the v-ing form and the verb.,Standing on top of the hill, you can see as far as the seaside. The fish can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. Having finished all his homework, the boy went out to play football.

18、,分词动作与谓语动作同时发生,分词动作在谓语动作之后发生,分词的完成式(having done)表示其动作发生在主句谓语动词之前。可以转换成：,After he finished/After finishing all his homework, the boy went out to play football.,Exercise Fill in the blanks using the words in the box in their ing forms,reach look see turn hold,The cat leapt back, _ its tail out stiffly

19、. _ out a paw, the cat patted the air in front of her. _ away, the cat went across the road. _ Will, the cat approached him. The cat stopped, _ at something invisible to Will.,Reaching/Holding,holding,Turning,Seeing,looking,Exercises: choose the best answer from A, B, C and D, and then rewrite the s

20、entences.,Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help,D When she found her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.,2. _ such heavy pollution already, the river may now

21、be too late to clean up . A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered,A After/As it has suffered such heavy pollution already, the river may now be too late to clean up .,3. _ a reply, he decided to write again. Not receiving Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received,C

22、 He hadnt received a reply, so he decided to write again.,4. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added,C The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks and added that he had enjo

23、yed his stay here.,5. “Cant you read?” Mary said, _ to the notice. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,A Mary angrily pointed to the notice and said, “Cant you read?” .,6. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. Made D. to make,A European football is played in 80 countr