研究生英语综合教程上-熊海虹Unit1-9答案

1、高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（上） INTEGRATED COURSE,Unit 1,Unit 1 Planning your future career,Content,Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project,Task 1 Step One Work together with your partner and fill in the table with the attributes that you think make a good e

2、mployer and a good employee on page 2.,Starting outTask 1,Reference:,Starting outTask 1,Step Two Choose the most important three attributes for people in each role, and give your reasons. Reference: employee: good health, cooperativeness employer: good health, great communicative skills, *Good healt

3、h is the foundation for career development, whatever role one plays. For an employee, cooperativeness ensures the smooth progress of a work project, since many projects involve the cooperation of many workers. As an employer, he must be good at Communicating with different people, which is the guara

4、ntee of a pleasant interpersonal relationship in his business, along with the successful building up of the social network.,Starting outTask 1,Step Three Based on your work done in the previous two steps, tell each other what you would like to be after graduation, an employer or an employee? Give re

5、asons for your choice. Words or phrases for your reference: run a business, in possession of business, be tolerant of be considerate of , ambitious, a sense of achievement manage, endure, confident, good-tempered, cooperative open-minded, punctual, positive, flexible, generous,Starting outTask 1,Tas

6、k 2 Read the four cases of job hopping on page 2 and judge whether they are beneficial or disadvantageous to the persons concerned.,Starting outTask 2,Task 3 Read the following two pieces of parental advice on page 3 and discuss with your partner which one you would follow.,Starting out,Whatever you

7、 decide to do with your life, make sure its something practical. You will want to be able to make a good living for yourself and your family. 2. We dont care what you set out to study; just make sureits something you enjoy.,Starting outTask 3,Job market in US This years college graduates in US are f

8、aced with a hard test of job market . Listen carefully to a report on the high unemployment rate for American youth this summer and do the following exercise:,Starting out,Starting out,Exercise Directions: Based on the report youve just heard, tell whether the following statements are True or False,

9、 make corrections if they are false. The unemployment rate of people at 20 to 42 age bracket in May was 14.7%, five tenths percentage points lower than the national rate . According to NACE, employment situation in 2007 was more optimistic, with more college graduates finding jobs and with a higher

10、starting pay than in this year. Taking an internship program is an effective way to catch public attention. Job market predictions tells that in the next 8 years graduates with a degree in biomedical engineering are promising to secure a good job. Sarah Kramer found a job with a major IT company in

11、Washington, after applying to about a hundred and fifteen jobs and going on fifty interviews.,1. The unemployment rate of people at 20 to 42 age bracket in May was 14.7%, five tenths percentage points lower than the national rate . Correction: The unemployment rate of people at 20 to 24 age bracket

12、in May was 14.7%, five percentage points higher than the national rate. 2. According to NACE, employment situation in 2007 was more optimistic, with more college graduates finding jobs and with a higher starting pay than in this year.,Starting out,F,T,Exercise Directions: Based on the report youve j

13、ust heard, tell whether the following statements are True or False, make corrections if they are false.,3. Taking an internship program is an effective way to catch public attention. Correction: Taking an internship program is an effective way to get noticed , and then a job. 4. Job market predictio

14、ns tells that in the next 8 years graduates with a degree in biomedical engineering are promising to secure a good job. 5. Sarah Kramer found a job with a major IT company in Washington, after applying to about a hundred and fifteen jobs and going on fifty interviews. Correction: Sarah Kramer found

15、a job with a major consulting company in Washington, after applying to about a hundred and fifty jobs and going on fifteen interviews.,Starting out,F,F,T,Audio script Job Marketan Extra Hard Test for New College Graduates 10 June 2010 This is the VOA Special English Economics Report. June means one

16、more big test for many students finishing college - a test of the job market. Wish them luck. Americans age twenty to twenty-four faced an unemployment rate in May of fourteen and seven-tenths percent. That was five percentage points higher than the national rate. This week, Federal Reserve Chairman

17、 Ben Bernanke said his best guess is for a continued economic recovery. But the central bank chief expects unemployment to remain high for some time because of slow job creation. So where does that leave this years graduates?,Starting out,Audio script The National Association of Colleges and Employe

18、rs says about one-fourth of those who applied for a job have found one. NACE says that is up a little from last year. But the number is down sharply from two thousand seven, the year before the financial crash. Starting pay is also down. Josh Safran graduated from American University in Washington w

19、ith a business degree. He is still looking for a job. (JOSH SAFRAN) Once you get noticed by a company, it gets a lot easier, but its so hard to get noticed because theres so many people looking for so few jobs. One way to get noticed is through an internship program, says Reuben Smith-Vaughn, anothe

20、r graduate of American University.,Starting out,Audio script (REUBEN SMITH-VAUGHN) I know I personally got my job that way. And the people that worked there before me got their jobs that way. So I think its a key when getting a job. Internships may offer little or no money. Some students even pay fo

21、r them. But NACE says ninety-two percent of the employers it asked had plans to hire interns this year. The Occupational Outlook Handbook published by the Labor Department offers job market predictions through twenty eighteen. The highest growth is expected in biomedical engineering. Twenty-two year

22、 old Sarah Kramer just got her degree in biomedical engineering from Columbia University in New York. She found a job with a major consulting company in Washington. But her search was not easy.,Starting out,Audio script (SARAH KRAMER) I started in August before my senior year. And I set up appointme

23、nts with career services. I applied to about a hundred and fifty jobs. I went on maybe fifteen interviews. Ms. Kramer says many of her friends have not found jobs. Many have chosen to go to graduate school instead. But she has suggestions for students entering their final year of college who want a

24、job when they graduate. (SARAH KRAMER) Well, advice for a rising senior is to start early. Take advantage of your career services at your school as much as you can. And dont give up, and just keep applying to as many jobs as you can.”,Starting out,Starting out,Audio script Josh Safran says he may ha

25、ve to do what a growing number of recent college graduates are doing. (JOSH SAFRAN) “Worst-case scenario, if I dont find a job by the end of August, I move back with my parents.,Traits of the Key Players,Reading Focus,Reading Focus,Watch a movie clip from a movie The Pursuit of Happiness, then work

26、on the following questions: What do you think about Chris Gardner? Would you hire Chris Gardner if you were the boss?,Viewing,Click the picture,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,Introduction,Question A: _? Answer: “Key player” refers to _ _. Question B: _? Answer: Companies recruit their staff either

27、 by _, or _ _,Reading Focus Global Understanding,What does the term “key players” refer to,a handful of staff you can count,on in a given area of expertise to get the job done,How do companies recruit “key players”,hiring “key players” from another company,from “newbies” who seem to have the same tr

28、aits as those top people.,A. Importance of the trait: According to John Fetzer, _. B. Ways of developing the trait: a. _ _. b. _ _. c. _ _ as a person who fosters and initiates collaborationsand make sure _.,Trait 1: The selfless collaborator,one cant succeed in an industry,environment without the m

29、indset of being collaborative and selfless,Working together with scientists from other labs and disciplines in pursuit of a common goal,A liberal use of the pronoun “we” and not just “I”, when describing your accomplishments,To develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your,lab collaborat

30、es with,this quality gets mentioned by,those who will take those reference phone calls,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Importance of the trait: According to Don Haut, _ _.,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Trait 2: A sense of urgency,one way that companies win the,competition that happens 24/7/3

31、65 is to get “there” faster. This trait is a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their own conviction,Trait 3: Risk tolerance,Importance of the trait: A. _. Supporting evidence: a. _. b. _. B. _ _. Supporting evidence: a. _

32、 _. b. What Don Haut says.,Being OK with risk is something that industry demands,Quotation from one of the clients in a job description,What Don Haut says,Failure is important because it shows you were not afraid to take chances,Companies consistently look for candidates who can be wrong and admit i

33、t,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Trait 4: Strength in interpersonal relationships,Importance of the trait: A. _ _. Supporting evidence: According to Rick Leach, _. B. It would be a mistake to assume that _ _. Supporting evidence: _ _ _.,For people in business roles, interpersonal abilities make

34、the difference between success and failure,working for a business requires people skills.,strong people skills are,required only for business people,The key players who succeed in their work,at the bench in industry environment in great measure depends on their ability to work with a broad variety o

35、f personalities,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Task 2,Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P12),Key: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10,Reading Focus Detailed Information,B,A,D,B,D,B,C,B,B,B,Critical Thinking,Reading Focus,Step One The following short paragraphs ar

36、e taken from the text. Read each of them carefully and give your comments.,1. “Its teamwork,” says Fetzer. “The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. You just cant succeed in industry without this mindset.”,2. “For my organiza

37、tion, a candidate needs to be comfortable discussing his or her failures, and he or she needs to have real failures, not something made up for interview day. If not, that person has not taken enough risk. ” says Haut.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,Step Two Discuss in groups the following questions.

38、 1. Suppose you were a recruiting manager, whom would you like to hire, “key players” from other companies or “newbies” who have just graduated from universities? Give your reasons. 2. According to the four traits of a “key player” that the author writes about, where would you like to work after gra

39、duation, in academia or industry? Tell each other both the advantages and disadvantages of working in these two different environments.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,1. Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. (Para. 1) staff: (n.)

40、 the group of people who work for an organization e.g. There is a good relationship between staff and pupils at the school. 以staff 做主语的句子，谓语动词可以是单数，也可以用复数 e.g. The staff has been cut by a quarter over the past year. The staff are not very happy about the latest pay increase.,Reading Focus Language P

41、oint,be on the staff of: be a member of e.g. He is on the editorial staff of the New York Times. staff (v.) provide with staffe.g. How may employees will it take to staff this resort? We have not enough money to staff all our schools. 2. serve on the staff of e.g. Most of our offices are staffed by

42、volunteers.,Reading Focus Language Point,expertise (n.) special skill or knowledge e.g. A foreign coach has special knowledge and expertise. We are amazed at his expertise on the ski slope. 辨析 expertise (n.) 和 expert (n.; adj.) My mother is an _ at dress-making. I thought your handling of the situat

43、ion was _. Mary has considerable _ in French history.,expertise,expert,expert,Reading Focus Language Point,2. We hold them up to the standards we see in our top people. (Para. 2) Paraphrase: We evaluate them by the standard traits our key players show to us. hold sb./sth. up to: subject sb/sth. to s

44、th. unpleasant, such as test, mockery etc. e.g. A critic often holds up a book to ridicule or contempt. 批评家经常对某本书加以嘲笑和蔑视。,Reading Focus Language Point,3. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry. (Para. 4) deserve: (v.) be worthy of e.g. You

45、 deserve a promotion after all the hard work you have done. I think they deserve to be congratulated.,Reading Focus Language Point,single Used before the superlative “most” emphasizes that this is the most public difference between academia and industry e.g.: The Middle East is the worlds single mos

46、t important source of oil. Cigarette smoking is the single most likely cause of lung cancer.,Reading Focus Language Point,4.“The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. (Para. 4) The sentence means: Compared with academia, the b

47、usiness environment requires less capability in doing individual research and there are less competitions among individual workers, so people or behaviors showing the traits of being collaborative and selfless are easily recognized.,lone wolf: someone who prefers to be alone e.g. He is a lone wolf,

48、apparently wanting no friends and seeking no man. 此处是名词 lone wolf 当形容词用。 stand out: to be very noticeable e.g. We had lots of good applicants for the job, but one stoodout from the rest.,Reading Focus Language Point,Paraphrase: Many postdoctors and graduate students find it very hard to adapt themse

49、lves to this transition since they have devoted much of their life to doing independent research work and trying to do better than their peers. Translate 许多博士后和研究生 在进行这种过渡的过程中表现相当费力。因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都是在扮演一个独立研究者的角色，并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色的。,Reading Focus Language Point,5. Many postdocs and grad students h

50、ave a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so much of their life has involved playing the independent researcher role and outshining other young stars. (Para. 5),involve 1) imply, make necessary e.g. The operation involves putting a small tube into your heart. 2) implicate p

51、erson in charge, crime etc. e.g. The four men were all involved in organizing and carrying out the murders. 3) include sb. or sth. in sth. or to make them take part in or feel part of it e.g. Do we need to involve someone from the computer department at this stage in our discussion?,Reading Focus La

52、nguage Point,outshine: (v.) to be better or more impressive than sb. or sth. else e.g. Several new players outshone the veterans. 动词前缀 “out”主要有三种意思: 1) doing better than e.g. She outran him. 2) being or becoming bigger, further, greater than someone or something else e.g. Shes outgrown her clothes.

53、She outlived her brother. 3) outside or beyond something e.g. an outbuilding outlying areas,Reading Focus Language Point,6. You can make yourself more attractive to companies by working together with scientists from other laboratories and disciplines in pursuit of a common goaland documenting the re

54、sults on your rsum. (Para. 5) 介词词组“in pursuit of a common goal”当状语，相当于during the process of pursuing a common goal. “and documenting the results on your rsum. ” 意为“并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。” result (n.) : the achievement of something e.g. She certainly knows how to get results. For best results, always use fresh ingredients when you are cooking.,Reading Focus Language Point,document: (n.) a paper or set of papers with writt