Lesson8AUniverseofThought

1、宾语从句的使用,主讲人：闫玉安,一、什么是宾语从句？,1、I know his father .,2、I know his father works on a farm.,his father,宾语,his father works on a farm.,宾语从句,句子做宾语叫做宾语从句。,二、1、后面可接宾语从句的动词有：think，hope，say，tell，know，see，hear，mean，ask和find等。 2、后面可接宾语从句的形容词有： sure，glad，happy，pleased，afraid和sorry等。,think，hope，say，tell，know，see， h

2、ear，mean，ask和find等。,sure，glad，happy，pleased，afraid和sorry 等。,三、宾语从句的种类：根据充当宾语从句的句子 的种类，可将宾语从句分为三类。,1、由连词that引导的宾语从句。,当宾语从句是陈述句时，由连词that引导，that在句中不 做任何成分，口语中常省略。,e.g：1、“I will leave a message on the desk.” Jim says. （变为复合句）,Jim says leave a message on the desk.,that he will,that,2、由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。,当

3、宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，有连接代词或连接副词 （即原先的特殊疑问词）来引导。连接代词和连接副 词在句中不可省略，而且之后的句子改为陈述语序。,e.g：When does the train leave? He wants to know. (变为复合句）,He wants to know the train .,when,leaves,when,3、由whether或if引导的宾语从句。,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if来引导。 二者在句中不可省略。而且之后的句子改为陈述语序。,e.g：Is there a book on the desk? Lily asks. （变为复合句

4、）,Lily asks a book on the desk.,whether/if,there,is,whether/if,三、宾语从句的种类：根据充当宾语从句的句子 的种类，可将宾语从句分为三类。,1、由连词that引导的宾语从句。,当宾语从句是陈述句时，由连词that引导，that在句中不 做任何成分，口语中常省略。,e.g：1、“I will leave a message on the desk.” Jim says. （变为复合句）,Jim says leave a message on the desk.,that he will,that,said,Would,2、由连接代词或

5、连接副词引导的宾语从句。,当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，有连接代词或连接副词 （即原先的特殊疑问词）来引导。连接代词和连接副 词在句中不可省略，而且之后的句子改为陈述语序。,e.g：When does the train leave? He wants to know. (变为复合句）,He wants to know the train .,when,leaves,when,wanted,left,3、由whether或if引导的宾语从句。,当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由whether或if来引导。 二者在句中不可省略。而且之后的句子改为陈述语序。,e.g：Is there a book on t

6、he desk? Lily asks. （变为复合句）,Lily asks a book on the desk.,whether/if,there,is,whether/if,was,asked,时态,四、宾语从句的四要素,人称,I am tired. 2. I want to speak to Tom. 3. I will come back next Monday.,What does he say?,He says,he is tired.,he wants to speak to Tom.,he will come back next Monday.,did he say?,said

7、,was tired.,wanted to speak to Tom.,would come back next Monday,1. Where is paper made? 2. Who is the man over there? 3. Where have Jim and Kate gone ?,What does he ask?,He asks,where paper is made.,did,asked,was made.,where Jim and Kate have gone.,who the man over there is.,was.,had,Can I try it on

8、? 2. Have you ever been to London? 3. Does Lucy like music?,What does he want to know?,He wants to know,if/whether he can try it on.,did,wanted to know.,could try it on.,if/whether you have been to London.,if/whether Lucy likes music.,had,liked,( )1. The teacher said that millions of other stars _ e

9、ven bigger and brighter than the sun. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )2. My father told me that the moon _ round the earth. A. go B. went C. had gone D. goes,1.当从句表示的是一个真理或永久性的事实时从句可用现在时态,不受主句的限制。,B,D,五、宾语从句的特殊用法。,1.She didnt say _ or not she would come. 2._ this is true or not, Im not sure. 3.She ca

10、nt decide _to go to Japan 4.Im interested in _ hell go out.,(1)后面紧跟or not时,只能用whether.,whether,whether,whether,whether,(2)whether引导的宾语从句可移到主句之前，if则不能.,(3) 与动词不定式连用时只能用whether.,(4) 做介词的宾语时用whether, 而不用if.,if/whether,2. Some differences between if and whether,or not,Whether this is true or not,to go,i

11、n,I dont think he can finish the work, _ _? I guess she taught herself Japanese, _ _?,3.当陈述部分的主句是I think/believe等结构时，反意句的主谓语一般要与陈述部分宾语从句的谓语保持一致，并要注意否定的转移。,can,he,didnt,she,( ) He said that they _ to visit the farm yesterday. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone,4. 若宾语从句中有具体的过去时间，无论主句时态如何，从句应用一般过去时态

12、。,B,dont,yesterday.,he can finish the work,she taught herself Japanese,said,( )Could you tell me if he _ his homework? A.finishes B.finished C.has finished D.had finished,C,5. 如主句为Would/could you tell .?它表示的不是过去时态，而是表示一种委婉的语气，从句时态应视情况而定。,合并句子。 Whats wrong with you? The doctor asked.,The doctor asked

13、 _ _ _ with you.,what,was,wrong,6. 特殊疑问词在句子中作主语时，变为宾语从句时，语序不变。,What,主语,(1) -Do you know if Tom _ to pick apples with me tomorrow? - I think he will if he _ free. A. comes, is B. comes, will be C. will come, is D. will come, will be (2) -Do you know _ back tomorrow? -Sorry, I dont know. When he _ bac

14、k, Ill tell you. A. when he come, come B. when he comes, come C. when he will come, comes D. when will he come, will come,7. 注意区别if引导的条件状语从句和宾语从句以及when引导的时间状语从句和宾语从句。,( C ),( C ),Do you know if Tom _ to pick apples with me tomorrow?,if he _ free.,_ back tomorrow?,When he _back,宾语从句,条件状语从句,宾语从句,时间状语从

15、句,Exx: choose the right answer. ( ) 1. Please tell me _ he was born. A. when B. why C. who D. which ( ) 2. I found _ hard for me to keep up with others. A. it B. that C. its D. I was ( ) 3. Do you know _? A. what Mr. Green is worrying B. what is Mr. Green worrying C. why Mr.Green looks so worried D.

16、 why does Mr.Green look so worried ( ) 4. I dont think Bill has finished his maths homework, _? A. dont I B. do I C. has he D. hasnt he,A,C,C,A,( ) 5. He asked me _. A. whom did Tom travel with B. who Tom travelled C. whom Tom travelled with D. Tom travelled with whom ( ) 6. The teacher said that li

17、ght _much faster than sound. A. travel B. traveled C. travels D. traveling ( ) 7. -I want to know if your daughter will go to Anns party. -If your daughter _, _. A. will, so is she B. does, so will mine C. does, so will my D. will, so does mine,C,C,B,If your daughter goes, mine will go, too.,( ) 8.

18、If you _ him tomorrow, please ask him if he _to work on the farm with us. A. see, goes B. will see, goes C. will see, will go D. see, will go ( ) 9. Better go and ask when she _,we must see her off when she _. A. leaves, left B. leaves , is leaving C. is leaving, leaves D. left, was leaving,D,C,条件状语

19、从句,宾语 从句,宾语从句,时间状语从句,现在进行表一般将来,1.I dont know_ we can live on the island without any food. A.where B what C how D that 2.Could you tell me _? A Where is the part ? B Whos on duty ? C Whose book is this ? D What are they doing ? 3 The teacher told us that the earth _around the sun. A moved B moves C m

20、ove D moving,B,B,C,C,C,4.Could you tell me _? A if he would come tomorrow B will he come tomorrow C whether he will come tomorrow D If he comes tomorrow 5.I did nt know that Mr. Smith _yet. A Has returned B has returned C had returned D returned,练习题：（一） How does he get on with his new classmates? Co

21、uld you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me how _ _ on with his new classmates? What is he doing there? Mother didnt know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Mother didnt know what _ _doing there. Could you tell me _ they are talking about? A.where B.when C.why D.what,he gets,he was,D, Excuse me.Could you tell me

22、 where _? A.is the toilet B.the toilet is C.was the toilet D.the toilet was （二） 1)Whats his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I asked him what _ _ _. 2)Why didnt he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句) Could you tell me why _ _ look happy?,B,his name was,he didnt,3)Does he still live in that

23、street? I dont know.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句） I dont know _ he still _ in that street. 4)He said _ there was going to be a meeting that evening. A.what B.if C.that D.how 5)I dont know _ up so early last Sunday. A.why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D.why he got,if lives,C,D,6)The moon moves round th

24、e earth. My sister told me.（同上） My sister told me _ the moon_ round the earth.,that moves,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that the

25、y _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,trav

26、els,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the sun. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun_ in the

27、 east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,1. Tom said, I can sleep late everyday. 2. Mrs. Green said, My son will go shopping. 3. Tina said, she is going to dance. 4. Lucy says, Im excited about going on vacation. 5“I am mad at Marcia，”she

28、 said.,1.Mother said, “ Can you help me?” 2.Jack asked, “Is that her pen?” 3.Linda asked me, “Will you go shopping with me?” 4. I asked Tom, “Are you going to play soccer?”,1.He asked me, “ Where do you live?” 2.She said, “ What can I do for you?” 3.Father said, “ How is the weather?” 4.” When will

29、you go?”She asked Tom.,1.Mother said, “ Dont watch too much TV.” Mother_ me _ _ _ too much TV. 2.Teacher said, “ Open the door.” Teacher_ me _ _ the door,1.He thinks, “Thats a good idea.” 2.She says, “I will go to Sanya.” 3.Lucy said, “Im making the bed.” 4.The boy asked his mother, “Does water free

30、ze at Oo C?” 5.He told Jim , “He has had breakfast.”,1.She said to me, “ Do you often help Jim?” 2.Meimei asked me, “Do you have an idea?” 3.He often asks me, “Can you give me a hand?” 4.Our teacher asked me, “Lily, has your mother been to China?” 5.Linda asks, “ Tom, Does your father work in Americ

31、a?”,1.WeiHua asked, “Jim ,who will you help?” 2.LiLei asked, “Tom, where are you going?” 3.Lucy asked Kate, “Whats your name?” 4.The teacher asked us, “ Where will you go?” 5.I wanted to know. How long are they going to be away?,6.I asked Tom, Who will you help?” 7.LiLei asked Tom, Where do you come

32、 from?” 8.They often ask Jim, Whats your name?” 9.Could you tell me, “When will Lucy come back?” 10.How old is Wei Hua. Im not sure.,1.Can you give me a hand? He asked LiLei. 2.Could you tell me, “How long will the meeting last? 3.He asked, “Jim ,where do you live? 4.She asked Tom , “Do you often do

33、 your homework at home?,5.Dont worry about me. He said to Linda. He_ Linda _ _worry about_. 6.Jim asks, “How can we get to the station?” 7.”How much does it cost to fly to Hang zhou?” Im not sure.,8.Could you tell me, “What time does the plane leave?” 9.Our teacher asked me, “Lily, has your mother b

34、een to China?” 10.Our teacher asked me, “Lily, has your mother been to China?”,将下列句子合并为一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come ba

35、ck.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting?,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,Jim asked if he was doing

36、his homework.,7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me? 9. “Why is the train late?” Would you tell me? 10. “Where is Tom?” They asked.,Tom asked when he would come back.,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,Would you tell me why the trai

37、n is late?,They asked where Tom was.,宾语从句,句型：主句连词宾语从句,连词,that whether/if which who whom,When Where How why,1.He knew ( that ) he should study hard.,例句,由连词that引导的宾语从句，that 在口语中常省略,主句,连词,宾语从句,.时态与语序的变化,陈述句变为宾语从句时，可用that 连接，语序不变,一般疑问句变宾语从句时，用whether/if连接，改为陈述语序,特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，保留原来的疑问词，语序改为陈述语序,He says, “

38、My English teacher is Miss Li.” Mother says, “I will be back soon.” Becky told Kate, “Han Mei helps me with my Chinese.” I hope, “it will be sunny tomorrow.” Polly said, “I am ill today.”,He says that his English teacher is Miss Li.,Mother says that she will be back soon.,Becky told Kate that Han Mei helped her with her Chinese.,I hope that it will be