新编英汉翻译教程

1、新编英汉翻译教程,A New Coursebook on English-Chinese Translation,严复：信 达 雅,Faithfulness, fidelity, truthfulness Smoothness， expressiveness Elegancy,德国译学教授 Wolfram Wilss 在 The Science of Translation：Problems he committed suicide in New York.,译文1：纳特 . 纳卡萨不得不发誓离开祖国，不管情况如何永不返家，并自杀于纽约。译文2： 对纳特 . 纳卡萨来说，要他签字保证离开祖国永

2、不返回是难以接受的：他在纽约自杀了。,In the wake of his mothers death some thirty-six years later, Hemingway turned back to the adventure and tried to write a novel about it.,译文1：在他母亲去世36年之后，海明威又想起了那次历险奇遇，并试图写一部小说。译文2： 大约36年过后，在他母亲去世后的不久海明威又想起了那次遭遇的险情，并试图就此写一部小说。,外语腔是初学翻译者不知不觉地会在汉语译文中表现出来的一种不当倾向。翻译时所要表达的内容来自外语原文，原文的词

3、语和结构形式随着内容一起进入到我们的大脑，于是原文的语言形式被带入译文，造成了译文的外语腔。,The only concession he made to the climate was to wear a white dinner jacket.,译文1：他对气候的唯一让步就是穿了一件白色的短餐衣。 译文2： 气候变化，他仅稍稍作了一点变通，赴宴时穿了件白色的短礼服。,If certain animal psychologists are right, a dog adopts his family in a most literal way - taking it for granted

4、that the family is the band of dogs he belongs to.,译文1：假如某些动物心理学家的分析正确，狗在很大程度上代表着它的家人理所当然这一家也就属于狗帮了。,译文2：假如有些动物心理学家的分析正确，狗对于他所在家庭的认同是非常实际的它理所当然地认为这一家人就是它所归属的一群狗。,现代西方著名翻译理论家 Eugene A. Nida 在其理论著述中经常谈到读者反应的问题。他认为：翻译的服务对象是读者，要评判译文质量的优劣，必须看读者对译文的反应如何，同时必须把这种反应与原作读者对原文可能产生的反应进行对比，看两种反应是否基本一致。 除了忠实和流畅这两项

5、基本标准之外，好的译文还必须保持原文的风格，包括民族风格、时代风格、语体风格、作者个人的语言风格等。文艺作品的翻译尤其要求这样做。译者不能破坏或改变原文的风格，不能以译者的风格代替原作的风格。,不要把假大空语言翻译成英文,建筑工人们表示：一定要树雄心、立壮志，大干、苦干300天，力争在今年年底，完成高速公路的建设任务。,The building workers said that they must work diligently and painstakingly, with great ambition and lofty aspiration, for 300 days, in orde

6、r to complete the construction task of the expressway within this year.,The builders vowed that they will do their best to complete the expressway within this year.,建设者们发誓，一定要竭尽全力，在年内建成这条高速公路。,直译,Literal Translation Word for word translation,意译,Free Translation,Armed to teeth. Tooth for tooth Eye fo

7、r eye,Passive Voice,被动语态的翻译,Americans prefer to discipline themselves rather than be disciplined by others.,The police court is presided by a magistrate, who tried the cases without a jury.,More than 50,000 computers at websites were infected by a computer virus that is spreading rapidly around the

8、world.,The mobile phone boom is driven by the young adults.,The USA is reputed to be a classless society.,It is believed that nuclear power is among the greatest innovations of our time. But it is also feared it will bring the end of the world.,The trend toward informal dress was strongly influenced

9、 by the boom in e-business, which was also an attempt to compensate for the rising stress of working life.,Present-day concern with music is shown by the existence of over 100 summer schools in music in England which cater for all grades of musicians from the mere beginner to the skilled performer.,

10、A stream of new residents, highly-skilled and well-qualified, are attracted by new and sophisticated industries growing in and around Los Angeles, who have moved into their new homes and gardens scattered over a vast area of suburbs.,The telephone was invented in 1876 by a Scottish immigrant, Alexan

11、der Graham Bell, who was fascinated by “sound”.,The bandages were covered with blood.,Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiency.,The four men were all involved in organizing and carrying out the murders.,This exercise is designed to develop the shoulders and back mu

12、scles.,定语从句的翻译,The sun warms the earth， which makes it possible for plants to grow.,太阳温暖了大地，这才使植物有可能生长。,She was very patient towards the children， which her husband seldom was.,她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。,Lanterns, which date back thousands of years, can be seen all over the world wherever Chinese exist.,The

13、 times of opening of pubs are regulated by law, where betting is forbidden and children are not allowed on the premises.,The move to download digital music via the Internet may be opposed by the music industry, which fears piracy of their label.,Like the press in most other countries, American newsp

14、apers range from the sensational, which feature crime, sex, and gossip, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis of world events.,E-commerce is a challenging and dynamic area where change, growth and innovation are the norm.,词性转译,名词转译为动词,New York City was a bitter disillusionment

15、 to some immigrants.,Iraqi war is a drain on American resources.,One thing that often leads people to move in affluent times, is the desire for better climate, more attractive scenery, more agreeable living.,比较级的翻译,California on the whole has a climate mildest all the year round than that of any oth

16、er places in the Continental United States.,Music whose meaning is slightly different with each hearing has a greater chance of remaining alive.,It would perhaps be more natural, as well as in better conformity with the will of God, if there were more celibates and if those who were married had larg

17、er families.,There are more cars per persons in the USA than in any other country in the world, and more in Los Angeles than any other city in the USA.,American presidents tend to be judged less by the good deeds they set in motion than by how well they respond to crisis.,Hitlers mistake gave Roosev

18、elt the victory; just as at Waterloo it was less Wellington who won than Napoleon who lost.,Charles is more cautious than decisive.,If you ask my opinion, Id say he is a man who is more brave than wise.,After all those years of working together, he is more than a friend to me.,He felt more than shri

19、lled to come across such a gorgeous beauty.,I was busy and less than delighted to have company that day.,The plan is nothing more than a castle in the air.,He is more handsome than wise.,It is not easy to impart knowledge any more than it is to acquire knowledge.,It may be that when his life at last

20、 comes to an end he will leave no more trace of his sojourn on earth than a stone thrown into a river leaves on the water.,动词转译名词,The world will be a dull place indeed when all the different nationalities behave exactly alike.,Anti-war demonstrations, black civil rights protests, womens rights activ

21、ities, and rebellion by young people against traditional authority characterized the 1960s.,Population grew both as a result of natural increase and of continued immigration.,In the twentieth century, radio and later television supplemented the print media.,形容词、副词和名词的互相转译,After the World War II, the

22、 United States enjoyed unprecedented prosperity.,Americans are far more race-conscious than class-conscious.,Variety is a key characteristic of the United States, both geographically and culturally.,介词(词组)转译为动词,The most effective safeguard of democracy is the Supreme Court, for one of its objects is

23、 to protect the individual against the government. Any individual who has a grievance against the government can apply to it for help.,Many people are under the illusion that the main issue of the Civil War was the abolition of slavery, but a more basic reason is the agricultural Southern States sus

24、pected the treat to their rights from industrial Northern States, one of which was the right to own the slaves working on their plantation.,同义反译法,Leave me alone! Go away,We must live up to the Partys expectation.,You have aroused my curiosity. And now you must gratify it.,Appearances are often decep

25、tive.,不能以貌取人。,She was irritated at being denied the opportunity to get a pay rise.,He denied her nothing.,He denied himself nothing.,Shallow and conceited, he is the last person our company wants.,It escapes your notice that she has changed so much.,Her name escapes me.,Nothing escapes your attention.,The computer is beyond repair. You might as well buy a new one.,While she liked his works, she pointed areas where improvement was possibl