外研版-七年级下册英语语法与习题

1、 1 七年级下册英语语法与习题 1 1 think about ,think of ,think over . 这三个词组都是与“想”有关，但所表达的含义有所不同。 （1） think of :多用来指“想起，认为” 。 例：Last night ,before I went to bed, I thought of my parents . 昨晚我睡觉前，想起了我的父母。 （2）Think about : 多用来指 “考虑某事或对某事进行思考” 。 例：Before you answer this question ,please think it over . 在回答这个问题之前 ，请认真

2、考虑一下。 2 *stop doing 停止做某事/ stop to dostop doing , 停止做某事。 . . I must stop smoking . 我必须戒烟了。 . They stop to smoke a cigarette（烟）. 他们停下来，抽了支烟。 3 *remember to do sth /remember doing sth . remember to do sth ，记着去做某事。 . Remember to go to the post office after school . 记着放学后去趟邮局。 remember doing sth ,记着做过某事

3、 。 .Dont you remember seeing the man before ? 难道你不记得以前见过那个人吗？ 4 * forget to do sth /forget doing sth . forget to do sth,忘记去做某事。 .The light in the office is still on ,He forgot to turn it off . 办公室的灯还亮着 ，他忘记关灯了。 forget doing sth ，忘记做过某事。 .He forgot turning the light off . 他忘记他已经关灯了。 5* regret doing 对

4、做过的事遗憾，后悔/regret to do 对要做的事遗憾 I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做， 但我实在没 有办法。 I dont regret telling her what I thought .我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。 *try to do sth 努力，企图做某事./try doing sth .试着做某事。 You must try to be more careful .你可要多加小心了。 I tried gardening but didnt succeed .我试着种果木花卉，但未成功

5、。 6 *in front of 在 的前面（在范围之外的前面） /in the front of 在 的前 面（ 在范围内的前面） There is a tree in front of the classroom .教室前面有一棵树。 The teacher is standing in the frond of the classroom .老师站在教室的前面。 7 定冠词 the 的用法 1 定冠词用于表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。 如：the sun the sky 2 定冠词与单数名词连用，表示一类人或物。 如; The cat is an animal

6、.猫是一种动物。 3 定冠词与某些形容词连用，是形容词名词化，表示某一类人。 如：the poor 穷人 the rich 富人 4 用在序数词，形容词最高级和表示方位的名词之前。 5 定冠词用在姓名复数之前，表示一家人。 The Greens is very kind of us .格林一家带我们很好。 8 Play 与球类名词连用时，名词前一般不加定冠词 the；但与乐器名词连用时， 名词前一般加定冠词 the。 如:piay tennis 打网球 ; play the piano 弹钢琴 9 few 与 a few few 后面跟可数名词的复数形式。 其中 a few 表示肯定， 意为

7、“一些， 几个” ； few 表示否定，意为“很少的，几乎没有”如： I have a few good friends.我有几个好朋友。 Very few students ride bikes to school in America.在美国，很少有学生骑自行车上 学。 little 与 a little. little 与 a little 修饰不可数名词，其中 little 表示几乎没有，是否定；a little 表示 很少，但有，表示肯定 10 love 爱，喜爱。如果表示经常性的、习惯性的喜欢用 love doing sth .，如果 表示特定的或具体某一次的喜欢则用love to

8、 do sth. Love喜爱的程度比 like 深 。 类似的结构有 like/engoy doing sth “喜欢做某事”。 11 On the wall 表示在墙的表面 in the wall 表示在墙的内部 如：There is a picture on the wall .墙上有一幅画。 There is a window in the wall. 墙上有一扇窗户。 12 Get sb. to do sth 使某人做某事 如：He wants to get his sister to help him with the housework .他想让姐姐帮他做家 务。 13 usef

9、or /to意思为“用做” 。For 后面常接名词或动名词，而 to 后接动词原形。 如：-What do we use it for ？ -We use it to keep pencils, rulers, erasers and so on .我们用它来放铅笔、尺子、 橡皮等。 We use this room for having meeting. 我们用这个房间开会。 14 to ones surprise “使某人惊奇的是” 。 如：To my surprise ,he can speak English so well .使我惊奇的是，他英语说得那么 好。 15 It ones

10、turn to do sth . 轮到某人做某事 如 ：Its your turn to clean the room .该轮到你打扫教室了。 16 with ones help ,在某人的帮助下 。help sb.do sth , 帮助某人做某事 。 如 ： With the doctorshelp ,the boy could walk again . 在医生们的帮助下，这个 男孩又能走路了。 如：They are busy helping the farmers harvest the rice . 他们正忙着帮农民收割稻 谷 。 17 each of ,each one of , ev

11、ery one of 后街复数名词或代词，当它们作主语时， 谓语动词通常用单数。 如 ： Every one of them is going to plant trees .他们每个人都打算去植树。 18 在英语中，某些动词，如：go ,come ,leave , start , arrive , meet , fly 等，可用 现在进行时表示按计划或安排要发生的事。 如：He is leaving for Canada next Mondy .他下个星期一去加拿大。 19 Had better 的否定形式 Had better not 如： Youd better not go to Fu

12、zhou by train .你最好不要坐火车去福州。 Dont go across the street . 不要横穿马路。 They are going through the forest .他们正穿过树林。 20 arrive in +大范围 、 arrive at + 小范围 ，意思“到达” 与 arrive 同意表示 “到达”并可互相替换的动词还有 reach 和 get to . I arrive at the bank . 我到了银行。 I arrive in Beijing . 我到了北京。 (1) reach 是及物动词，后面直接接地点。 如：They reached Lo

13、ndon yesterday afternoon . 他们昨天下午抵达伦敦 。 （2）get to 为动词短语后跟地点，如果 get to 后跟的是地点副词，则可省略 to , 多用于口语。 如：We got to school at 7:30 . They got home /here /there last night . （注意） ：reach 与 get to 表示“到达”是后面必须带表示地点的名词或副词等， 而 arrive 则可以不带。 如：Ill call you when he arrive . 他到达时我会给你打电话。 21 Its time for sth 到的时间了，It

14、s time to do sth 做什么事的时间到了 Its time for sb. To do sth 某人做某事的时间到了 Its time for school .到上学的时间了。 Its time to go to school .上学的时间到了。 Its time for him to go school. 他上学的时间到了。 22 On weekdays 在平日， 在工作日。 这是习惯用法其中介词 on 不可改用 at. 但 weekend(s)前可用 on,也可用 at ,意为“在周末” 。 23 Borrow lend keep Borrow 向某人借东西，习惯上用 borr

15、ow sth from sb.或 borrow ones sth. Lend 借给(把东西借给别人),习惯上用 lend sth.to sb. 也可以用 lend sb. Sth. Keep 表示借某物多久。习惯上用 keep sth. for + 时间段。 Put on 穿上，戴上， be in ，wear 强调穿戴这一状态 My sister is in a red skirt . He often wears a jacket ,but today he is wearing a shit . Please put on your coat . 4 24 at the back of 在

16、（内部）的后面 25 because 不可与 so 连用 错：Because her mother is ill ,so she has to stay at hone . 对: She has to stay at hime because her mother is ill . 26 also ,too ,either , as well also 是正式用语，通常用于肯定句中，用于实义动词前，be 动词、情态动词、 助动词后。 I also want to visit it one day . He can also swim . too 用于肯定句末，常用逗号隔开。 either 用于

17、否定句末，常用逗号隔开。 as well 一般用于肯定句句末，但不用逗号隔开。 He is a student , too . He cant swim , either. She can ride a bike as well . 27 people 人们 ：集体名词，单复数同形 peoples 民族 How many people are there in your family ？ The peoples in China all love their motherland . 中国各族人民都热爱他们的祖 国。 29 call sb. at 表示“拨号码给某人打电话” 30 at the

18、 end of 在的尽头 by the end of 到 为止 in the end = at last 终于，最后 31 there be 举行的主语的伴随动作（状态）用 doing 表示。 Look! There are some people dancing over there . 32 be across from 对面 33 need 常用的结构有： sb. need to do sth. sth. needdoing sth. I need to water the flowers 我需要浇花。 The flowers need watering. 这花需要浇水。 34 in p

19、ublic =to the public 当众 35 be born ,出生 be born to/of 有所生 be born into 出生于家庭 When was Tom born ? He was born to /of German parents .他的生身父母是德国人。 She was born into a very musical family .她生于音乐之家。 36 英语中日起有以下两种表示方法： （1） 美式写法 : 月份+日期 ，+ 年份 。 如：May 21st ,2001 2001 年 5 月 21 日 读作 ：May (the) twenty-first ,to

20、w thousand and one （2） 英式写法 ：日期+月份 ，+年份 如 ：25th May , 2001 2001 年 5 月 25 日 读作 : the twenty-fifth of May , two thousand and one 注意 ：年份之前的逗号不能省去 。 37 at the age of= when sb. was /were 几岁时。 如 ：When she was three , Maria could play the piano .=Maria could play the piano at the age of three . 5 Over the

21、age of 岁以上。 如 ：Children over the age of 12 must pay full fare .十二岁以上儿童须购全票。 38 with ones help = with the help of sb. 在的帮助下。 如 ：With the help of Mr.Li ,I can sing English songs . With Mr.Lis help ,I can sing English songs . 39 Its ones turn to do sth . 该某人干某事了。 如：Its your turn to sing a song . 轮到你唱歌了

22、。 Whose turn is it to cook ? 轮到谁做饭了。 40 take turns to do sth./in doing sth. 轮班或依次做某事。 如 ：They took turns to look after the old man for two years .两年来他们轮流照 顾这位老人。 41 at once = right now =right away 立刻，马上 。 42 be angry wirh sb. 对某人很生气 ，be angry at sth. 对某事很生气 。 如: Xiao Ming didnt go to school yesterda

23、y .His father was angry with him . The boy was always late for class ,so his teacher was angry at this . 43 There are some trees on each side of the river .=There are some trees on both sides of the river . 在这里 each side of 与 both sides of 意思相同 44 later on 后来、以后、随后 。 如 ：Im going out later on . 我过一会儿

24、要出去 。 45 if 所引导的条件状语从句，一般用现在时表示将来。 如：We will go home if it doesnt rain tomorrow . 如果明天不下雨我们就回 家。 45 be busy doing sth.=be busy with sth. 如：Mary is busy doing / with her homework 46 morning , aftermoon , evening 等前面有形容词修饰使用介词 on 如：We went fishing on a sunny morning and we had a good time. 我们在一个晴朗的早晨钓

25、鱼，并且我们都玩得很快乐。 习题 选 The summer holidays are _soon. A come Bcomes C coming 2. Each of us_a good plan for the holidays . A have B has C had 3. The weather gets warm .Everything_ back to life . A come B comes C came 4. Fall_ after summer ,It is the harvest season ,and the farmers are busy_. A come to ha

26、rvest B come harvesting C comes harvesting 5. Its cool and the leaves fall from the trees ,The cold weatner _. A comes B came C is coming 6.If you plan to travel_ you holidays .youd better_out the weather in different 6 places in August . A.in;find B on;finding C on;find 7.I _ go to school on foot,b

27、ut sometimes by bike. A usually B seldom C never 8 I_ walk to school,I ofen go by subway A usually B seldom C never 9 I _go to school by subway,Ialways take a bus. A usually B seldom C never 10 What about _ there by bus ,Tom ? A to go B going C go 11 Hurry up ! Its time for leave . -OK ,_. A Im comi

28、ng B I came C I will come 12 Tom likes _ snowmen in winter . A make B makes C making D to make 13 Must I finish my homework now ? -No,you_. A may not B mustnt C can not D neednt 14 Find the answer _ the question ,Please . A of B to C for 15 The flowers smell _ . A well B good C bad 16 Leo likes _ ,b

29、ut he doesnt like _ now . A hike ; hiking B hikes ; hiking C hiking ; to hik 17 Lucy and Lily _China next week . A is ; visit B are visiting C is visiting D are visit 18 It,s time _ class . Come on ! A to B for C of 19 I _ go to school by subway . I always take a bus . A often B seldom C never 20 I

30、_ walk to school .I often go by bus . A never B usually C seldom 21 _do they have ball games . Four times a year . A How often B How long C How many 22 Many students take a bus or walk to school .Very _ students ride _ . A few ; bike B many ; bikes C few ; bikes 23Excuse me .may I borrow _Renai Proj

31、ect English workbooks ? A few B a few C little D a little 24 Great ! You must like English very much . Yes . Its easy and interesting .What do you _ it ? A think about B think over C think of 25 Excuse me .may I _ many workbooks ? 7 A borrow B lend C take 26 Are there any boats _ the river ？ A in B

32、on C above 27 There are some apples _the tree . A in B on C of 28 There are some birds_the tree . A in B on C of 29 There is _with my kitchen fan . A wrong something B something wrong C anything wrong 33 Whats your present _KangKangs birthday ？ A to B for C with 30 Maria , what would you like to do

33、_ KangKangs birthday ? A in B on C at 31 Oh ! Polly ,Can you _ English ? A say B speak C talk 32 KangKang is _at playing soccer, While Michael does _in basketball . A well ; good B good ; well C good ; good 33 Its warm . Its good season for _kites . A flying B fly C flies 34 Itscool .Its good time t

34、o _hills . A climb B climbing C climbs 35 Very _ students ride bikes on the street . A few B a few C little D a little 36 He looks happy because he loves _ . A swimming B swim C to swim 37 There is a picture _the wall . A on B in C at 38 There is a window _ the wall. A on B in C at 39 _my surprise ,

35、he can speak English so well . A To B to C with 40 _ the doctorshelp ,the boy could walk again . A To B to C with 41 Every one of them _going to plant trees . A is B are C am 42 He is _for Canada next Monday . A leave B leaving 43 They each _ a C D in their bags . A have B has C is D are 44 Dont go

36、_ the street . A through B to C across 45 They are going _ the forest . A through B to C across 8 46 They are talking _ the phone . A in B about C on 47 I arrive _ Beijing . A at B to C in 48 I arrive _ the bank . A at B to C in 49 Great ! How long can I_ them ? Tow weeks. You must _ them _ time. A

37、take, return ,in B borrow ,take ,on C lend , return , in D keep , return , on 50 Maria is cleaning the blackboard _ the back of the classroom . A on B in C at 51 _ the back of the yard ,there is a nice house . A at B on C in 52 Our school is _ the foot of a hill. A in B at C on 53 Because I learned

38、_ last year ,and I can often go swimming in summer .(七下 p78) A to swim B swimming C swam 54 How do they go to work ? -They go to work _ their car . A by B in C on 54 My bag is different _ yours . A between B from C by 55 He watches TV for _ while . A little B few C a little D a few 56 Most of the st

39、udents_ to school ,And very _students _ a bus there . A walk , a few , by B walk ,few ,by C walk , few , take D walk , little , take 57 The library is _ the back _ our school . A at; of B on ;in C at ;with 58 The people over there are _ . A Japan B Janpanese C Janpaneses 59 -What _ can you see in th

40、e picture ? -Nothing . A also B too C else 60 I dont like music at all ,_I like art very much . A and B or C but 61 Thank you for _me with my English . A help B helping C to help 62 Whats_ todays newspaper ？ A from B on C in 9 63 There _ some water in the bottle . A are B is C has 64 Dont be late _

41、school ! A to B for C with 65 Lets _ your new bike . A look B have a look C have a look at 66 I love _ , but I dont love_ today . A swimming , to swim B to swim , swimming C swim , to swim 67 Does your brother often write _ you ? -Yes , I often hear _ him . A to , from B from , to C to ,to 68 If you

42、 want to rent it , you can call Miss Fan _ 7834520. A on B in C at 69 Look ! There are some people _ over there . A dancing B dance C to dance 70 They live near the river . They eat _ fresh fish every year . A a lot B lots of C many 71 what does Erik do _ the concert ？ A at the end B at the end of C

43、 in the end of 72 Why do you go to so early ? - There _ a lot of _ on the road every morning . A is , traffic B are , traffics C are , traffic 73 Mary , where is Michael ? - I hear him _ in the next room . A playing games B plays games C to play games 74 Whats Jane doing ? -She_ her watch here and t

44、here , but she cant _ it. A is looking for , find B looking for , find C is finding , look at 75 What is _ the house ? -There is a bookshop . A across from B between C in the front of 76 The flowers need _ . A water B watering C waters 77 You shouldnt read his letter _. A In the public B to the publ

45、ic C to public 78 Excuse me . could you tell the way to the zoo ? -Its very far . You need to _ bus No. 4. A by B on C take 79 Excuse me . where is the Peoples Hospital ? Tuen left and walk _. and youll see it _ your right . A in ; on B on ; in C on ; on 80 Our teacher often tells us _ late for clas

46、s . A not B not to be C dont be 81 I wont go home _ he comes every time . 10 A until B or C but 82 She is afraid of the dark . She will not go to bed _ her mother comes back . A after B when C until 83 Walk _ this street , and you can find it . A in B alone C on 84 _ I _ the bus ? No ,Its not far .

47、A Need ; to take B Do ; need to take C Do ; need by 85 Its good _the teacher _ the blackboard . A help , to clean B helping , cleaning C to help , to clean 86 Dont throw your socks everywhere ._. A put them up B Put them away C Put away them 87 _ go goating with the teachers next Saturday ? Thats gr

48、eat ! A Why dont B why not C Why not 88 He was born _ German parents . A to or of B 不填 C into 89 He was born _ a very musical family . A of B to C into D 不填 90 _ were Lilei and Lucy born? They were born in London on October 10th A When B Where C When and Where 91 What day is the _ day of a week ? It

49、s Saturday . A seven B sixth C seventh 92 My birthday is next Sunday .My friends plan _ a birthday party for me . A have B to have C to be 93 _ today ? Its December 24th . A What day is it B Whats the date C What date 94 Whats the first day of a week ？ Its _. A Sunday B Monday C Satuday 95 Whats the

50、 second day of a week ? Its _ . A Monday B Wensday C Friday 96 Whats the shape _ your pen ? A of B for C at 97 What do you use computer _ ? I use it _ to study English . A for , for B .for , to C to , to 98 There _ two books and a pencil on the desk jusr now . A are B was C were 11 99 May 23rd , 199

51、7 reads _ . A May the twenty-third ,nineteen ninety-seven B the May twenty-third , one thousand nine hundred and ninety-seven C May the twenty-third nineteen ninety-seven D May twenty-third , nineteen-ninety-seven 100 I was born_ a Sunday morning _June in Hubei . A on , on B in , in C on , in 101 -_is your birthday ? -August 18th . A What day B What C When 102 Maria can also perform _ ballet . A a B