同等学力英语作文辅导 PPT课件

1、,短文写作的基本要求,根据 大纲 要求，考生应具备一般性英语书面表达能力，能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表等按要求写出相应的短文。所写短文要求主题明确、条理清楚、语言比较规范。本部分采用提纲、情景或图表作文等考试形式。考生应按要求写出一篇不少于150单词的英语短文。本部分满分15分，考试时间30分钟。,本考试的短文写作题材一般都与日常生活、科普或政经常识有关，所给的写作题目都具有较强的可写性；考生应能够根据所给的提纲、情景或图表等写出适当的议论文、说明文、文字或图表描述文。,写作题材,2. 图表、看图作文是另一种主要形式图表作文要求对图表进行分析，总结图表数据所反映的现象，分析形成这一现象的原因

2、，并做趋势的预测。,写作题材,1. 合理安排时间 1) 读题和审题 2) 构思及草拟提纲 3) 全文写作 4) 检查,写作注意事项,2. 认真审题 3. 构思及草拟提纲 4. 稳步展开思路，慎选句型 5.检查,写作注意事项,1 不会审题，偏离主题 （紧张） 无审题和构思的概念，有的担心时间不够，有的则是无从下笔， 结果：文不对题；时间已不够。 2 用汉语思维，逐字翻译 3 用词搭配不当；词汇量不够；拼写错误,英语写作问题,5 句子逻辑关系混乱部分考生因受汉语结构的影响，对句子中主谓语及状语之间的位置安排不当，造成逻辑混乱。 6 不会运用关联词转承上下句子和段落关联词即过渡词，可以使上下句子和段

3、落合理衔接、承上启下，并使表达合乎逻辑、结构严谨、文章紧凑。,英语写作问题,例如：People learn English to use it. Some learn it to study or work abroad. Others learn it to read books and magazines in English or have something to do with English-speaking foreigners.采用适当关联词，可改进为：People learn English for practical purposes：some learn it to st

4、udy or work abroad，while others learn it to read or communicate in English.,英语写作问题,7 语法错误 （1）主谓一致：名次单复数，主语与谓语时态、语态的一致 （2） 谓语动词：分不清及物动词与不及物动词，例如：rise和raise；hear和listen等。被动语态与主动语态的误用，例如：interesting和interested；speaking和spoken等。 （3） 主从复合句的使用 8. 不进行认真检查,英语写作问题,主题句 发展句 发展句 发展句 结尾句,段落的写作,段落主题句要清楚、明确,段落主题句,

5、Computer is very important The computer plays an educational role in our daily life. Big cities have traffic problems Traffic problems in big cities are serious, which can be found in several ways.,写作方法 1) 排列顺序 2）分类 3）比较和对照,发展句,连接词连接: 表示举例: for example, for instance, as a case in point, in the case

6、of, as an illustration, such as, like, that is, say, as , take as an example,发展句的衔接和过渡,连接词连接: 表示比较：similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, the sameas, like, both, equally important, in the meantime, meanwhile, compared with 表示原因: because; as; since; for; owning to; due to; as a res

7、ult of; on account of ；,表示对照：on the contrary; on the other hand; by contrast; unlike; whereas; rather than; conversely; instead; the opposite is true; in contrast; in comparison 表示转折: although; though; nevertheless; however; but; admittedly; it is truebut; in spite of; even though; yet; rather; whil

8、e/although; despite,表示结果：thus; so; hence; consequently; therefore; accordingly; for this reason; as a consequence; therefore; as a result; generally speaking; 表示强调: chiefly; especially; indeed; in fact; certainly; particularly; to be sure; actually; above all; most important; worse; as a matter of f

9、act; no doubt 表示顺承: and; also; furthermore; likewise; in addition (to); moreover; first; second; third etc.,表示递进: first; second; in the first place; in the second place; next; also; besides; furthermore; moreover; in addition; what is more; for one thing; for another; not onlybut also 表示结论: in concl

10、usion; in short; on the whole; finally; lastly; to sum up; to conclude; in any event; in brief; in summary; in a word,写作技巧1. 根据文章大意判断作文题型。2. 各种题型的写作方法。现象解释型：基本方法为：描述现象分析原因对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。对比选择型：基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。问题解决型：基本

11、方法为：提出问题分析问题解决问题。观点论证型：基本方法为：分析主题得出结论举例论证得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。,提纲式作文 Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Advertising according to the following outline (given in Chinese). Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write your composi

12、tion on the composition Sheet clearly and neatly. 1。广告的坏处 2。广告的好处 3。你的看法,Advertising The harmful effects of advertising are obvious.It is quite easy to find reasons for attacking advertising. Firstly, it tends to be extremely costly and this cost must eventually be paid by the consumers. Secondly, i

13、t uses up valuable human resources. The advertising profession occupies many of the best brains in any country. In addition, from the social standpoint, advertising promotes image over substance and a standardization of taste.,However, there are also a number of persuasive arguments advanced in defe

14、nse of advertising. In the first place, it had a valuable informative function, helping potential customers know about the characteristics, and prices of products or where they can buy a particular product cheaply. Then, by stimulating demand for successful products, adverting creates jobs in the ma

15、nufacturing and service sectors.,If I must choose between living in a society with typical advertising or without advertising, personally, I prefer the former because advertising on the whole is good in spite of its deficiencies and problems. In my opinion, there is no need for us to give up eating

16、for fear of choking.,命题式作文 Directions: For this part, youre given 30 minutes to write a composition according to the title given below. Your writing should be less than 120 words and remember to write in readable handwriting on the Composition Sheet.,Mobile Phones Mobile phones, a product of modern

17、electronics, are gaining increasing popularity among people in China. Several reasons account for the popularity of the mobile phones. Firstly, mobile phones are portable.people can carry them everywhere with great ease. Secondly, mobile phones can convey information with great speed.,On the other h

18、and, mobile phones also have some disadvantages. Some people complain that mobile phones give unpleasant noise on some wrong occasions, like during a meeting, in an exam, or late at night. Moreover, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the phone is said to be harmful and does often cause headaches

19、to the owner. Finally, people have to go to work sometimes because with the mobile phone the boss can reach them easily during their free time. This cuts into peoples spare time.,In my opinion, mobile phones, despite their disadvantages, are to stay in peoples lives in the near future. They have cha

20、nged the way we communicate with each other and made our life more convenient.,图表题：三图一表-柱状图（Bar Graph）、线形图(Line Graph)、饼状图(Pie Graph)、表格(Table) 图表题文章写作逻辑结构 Paragraph I: 1）描述图表：趋势描写； 2）描述图表：必要数据支持（细节性） Paragraph II: 1）提出自己理由和观点； 2）细节性分论点（支持自己观点） Paragraph III: 1）预测未来和提出解决方法； 2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点。,图表作文 Dir

21、ections：For the part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 120 words on Changes in peoples Diet. Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:,1.state the changes in peoples diet i

22、n the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes 3.draw your own conclusions You should quote as few figure as possible.,图表作文套路 第一段 As is clearly shown in the above table/graph (As can be seen from the above table.)dropped fromin 1996 toin 2000. According to the figures given in the t

23、able, has greatly increased/decreased in the past years, reachingin 2000. From the table we can also seen that there has been a sharp decline/rise in,第二段 There are several possible reasons for In the first place,Lets have an example to illustrate the great increase in Second,.Finally,There may be so

24、me other factors responsible for But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly acceptable.,第三段 As far as I am concerned, my ideas are as follows, I am fully convinced that my opinion is both sound and well grounded.,表示数量增加，减少的句型 The consumption of milk rose dramatically

25、from 1985 to 1990. The profit increased significantly from May to June. The number of private cars went up sharply from 2000 to 2002. The amount of computers soared in the past five years.,The use of solar energy climbed steadily between 1998 and 2001. There was a jump in the profit of sales in the

26、past two years. There was a gradual increase in the amount of meat consumption between 1996 and 2000. There was a slow reduction of,From the circle, we can see that space heating takes up the most energy consumption, it accounts for 48% of the total amount of energy. The second largest portion of en

27、ergy (18%) is used for lighting, cooking, and running appliances. This is followed by water heating which expend 14% of the total. Refrigeration almost ranks the same as water heating, which is 13% of the whole amount of energy use. Among these energy consumption items, space cooling comes up to be

28、the lowest, 7% of the whole.This circle shows that the largest portion of energy is spent on space heating. This puts us into deep thinking.,If we can find ways other than the present regular energy sources to supply family need for energy, then we can save up the traditional energy sources such as

29、a coal, electricity, wood, etc. Solar energy might be a good answer to this problem. Therefore, more efforts should be made and more money should be spent on the research in this area. More people should be encouraged and supported to work on this issue. Maybe someday they can really enable us to en

30、joy the comforts of solar energy.,Changes in Peoples Diet in China As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in peoples diet over the period from the year 1986 to the year 1990 in China. On one hand, the consumption of grain has dropped 4% during this period, and there has been an obvi

31、ous decline while on the other hand, there has been a steady rise in the consumption of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat.,What has caused the great changes in peoples diet? The main reason probably lies in the gradual increase of peoples income owing to the quick development of the coun

32、trys economy. Nowadays people can afford to purchase more expensive and more nutritious food. Another possible reason is that people are paying more attention to the food structure. They realize a better structure of food can help them stay healthy. Therefore, the old habits of eating a lot of grain

33、 and vegetables are abandoned by people.,In conclusion, in the past five years ,peoples standard of living has been rising significantly and now people are enjoying a much better life than ever before.,情景式作文 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topi

34、c Cloning-a Blessing or a Curse? You must base your composition on the following instructions. (given in English) It goes without saying that Clone technology is a wonder in modern science. However, different people take different attitude as to its application. Your composition should be no less th

35、an 120 words. Remember to write it neatly.,Cloning - a Blessing or a Curse The term Clone is no longer new to us. It refers to the nonsexual reproduction of a single plant or animal from any cell, and with exactly the same form as the parent. It goes without saying that Clone technology is a wonder

36、in science. However, different people take different attitude as to its application. Many people are excited about the success of Clone technology.,They think human beings can benefit a lot from it, as it offers the possibilities for human beings to breed excellent varieties of plants and animals by

37、 making use of the best gene. There are some other people who hold quite different opinions about this technique. They think that if abused, it will bring about a disaster. For example, if Clone technique is carried out on human beings, it will lead to moral, social as well as legal confusion. Moreo

38、ver, we cant yet predict what disaster it will bring about.,Therefore, it is safe to say that the Clone technique itself is innocent, but once it is put to unwise use, its destructive power will be uncontrollable. So it is important that we apply the clone technology properly and make it benefit hum

39、an beings.,利弊分析型套路 Nowadays,_(所要讨论的主题）plays an important part in peoples life. Like everything else,_(所要讨论的主题)has both advantages and disadvantages(favorable and unfavorable aspects). Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows. First,_(第一个好处）Furthermore,_(第二个好处). Most important of all,_(第三个好

40、处）,But every coin has two sides. The unfavorable aspects are also apparent. To begin with,_(第一个坏处）To make matters worse,_(第二个坏处)Worst of all,_(第三个坏处) From the above analysis, I believe that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Therefore, _(结论）,Owning Private Cars Nowadays, private cars play an

41、 important part in peoples life. Like everything else, owing a private car has both favorable and unfavorable aspects.Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows. Firstly, it is convenient to go out with a private car. Furthermore, having a private car, people can also live in the country wit

42、hout worrying about the poor traffic system.Most important of all, the increase of private cars will promote the development of automobile industry and then benefit domestic economy.,But every coin has two sides. The unfavorable aspects are also apparent. To begin with, the more private cars moving

43、in the street， the more energy they will consume while crude oil on earth is limited. To make matters worse, too many private cars will burden the traffic system and then cause traffic jams. Worst of all, too many private cars will do harm to environment around us. The gas they let off will pollute

44、the air and the noise they make will make us nervous.,From the above analysis, I believe that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Therefore, if we want to encourage people to purchase private cars, we shall create some new technology to improve private cars and relieve negative aspects first.

45、,利弊分析型变体 Is Money All Powerful Money is considered by some people to the most important thing in life. They think that the majority of the material things in our daily life have to be bought with money and that they have money, they can make themselves very comfortable by having a fine house to live

46、 in, beautiful clothes to wear and delicious food to eat.,But others dont believe that money can buy everything. Take time and health for example. Many people regret having lost their time, and no matter how much money they pay, they could not make a day longer 24 hours or call back the lost time. I

47、f someone gets some fatal disease, he can use a lot of money to stay in a luxurious hospital, but nothing can bring back his good health. Money, moreover, can be the source of some evils. some people are greedy for money and in order to get it, they even commit robbery or murder.,Therefore, we shoul

48、d take a correct attitude to money: it is necessary in our life but not all powerful.,问题解决型/方法途径型套路 _(目前的现象及存在的问题）Many ways can contribute to _(要解决的问题），but the following ones may be most effective. One of these is that_(第一种方法）Another approach is _(第二种方法）Furthermore,_(第三种方法) In conclusion, these are

49、not the only three points you should pay attention to. But it should be noted that_,How to Lose Weight With the improvement of peoples living condition, people can enjoy nice food, but nice food has made a lot of fat people. Some people decide to lose weight. Many ways can contribute to lose weight,

50、 but the following ones may be most effective. One of these is to take medicine to be slim quickly. But some of these medicines are harmful to our health. Another approach is to set a limit to high calorie food and eat more fruit. In doing so, we can reduce the fat but meanwhile, we may also hurt th

51、e stomach and the bowel.So this is not a perfect way,either. The third one is to do physical exercises every day. In conclusion, these are not the only three ways to lose weight. However, it should be noted that the best way to lose weight is to do physical exercises every day. Only in this way can

52、we not only lose weight but also improve our health.,说明原因型套路 （目前讨论的现象）There are many reasons for _(所要讨论的主题）but in general they come down to three major ones. For one thing,_(第一个原因）For another, _(第二个原因）Perhaps the prime reason is that_( 第三个原因）。 From the foregoing, _ _.(结论）,My Ideal Career Since my ch

53、ildhood, I have been anxious to become an office-practice lawyer. And this is still my dream. There are several factors responsible for my choice. In general, they can come down to three major ones.,For one thing, I greatly admire the role of lawyers in TV plays of Hong Kong. From my point of view,

54、they are very powerful, decisive, and responsible. And I am also eager to be such a person. For another, a lawyer usually has an abundance of income. That will give me a comfortable living condition. The prime factor is that I hope to be a white-collared clerk in a foreign-funded enterprise. Maybe,

55、that hope is related to my personality. I am an extrovert girl and like to argue what is right and what is wrong.,From the forgoing, I make great efforts to realize my ideal-being an office-practice lawyer. In university, I try to learn the knowledge inside the books as much as possible. In my spare

56、 time, I take part in practice to enrich my knowledge outside the books.,议论文套路 Recently, the problem of has aroused public concern. Different people have different opinions. Some people believe thatBut others hold that As to me, I am on the first/second side of the argument. The reasons are as follo

57、ws. First,_(第一个理由）Second,_(第二个理由)Finally,_(第三个理由) Therefore, based on the above discussion, it is not difficult to conclude why I_(结论）,Live on or off Campus Recently, the problem of living on or off campus has aroused public concern. Different people have different opinions. Some people like to live off campus because of its freedom and comfort while others prefer to living on because of its convenience and low cost. As to me, I will choose to live o