大道之行也 (3)

1、大道之行也,大道：指儒家推崇的上古时代的政治制度。,本文选自礼记礼运。礼运是礼记中的篇名，大约是战国末年或秦汉之际儒家学者托名孔子答问的著作。本文是礼记礼运开头部分里的一段话，主旨是阐明儒家理想中的“大同”社会的基本特征。,选贤与能（ ）讲信修睦（ ） 矜（ ）货恶其弃于地也（ ） 幼有所长（ ） 男有分（ ） 谋闭而不兴（ ）,j,m,un,w,zhn,fn,xn,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

2、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

3、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,词语理解,1.选贤与能 （通“举”，选拔） 2.矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养 （通“鳏”，指老而无妻的人）,大道之行也，天下为公。选贤与能，讲信修睦。,是,同“举”，选拔,对“大同”社会的纲领性说明。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

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6、，使老有所终，壮有所用，幼有所长，矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养，男有分，女有归。,用作动词，以为亲,同“鳏”，老而无妻,老而无夫,幼而无父,老而无子,职分，职守,女子出嫁,货恶其弃于地也，不必藏于己； 力恶其不出于身也，不必为己。,对于财货，人们憎恨把它扔在地上的行为，（却）不一定要自己私藏；,人们都愿意为公众之事竭尽全力，而不一定为自己谋私利。,写大同社会的基本特征。,是故谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作，故外户而不闭。是谓大同。,因此,用门闩插门,阴谋，干坏事的想法,兴起,这叫作,全文的总结语。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

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8、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,第一层： （第1、2句）,第二层： （第3、4句）,第三层： （第5、6句）,大同社会的根本特征,

9、大同社会的基本特征,总结语，大同社会的局面,1.“大同”社会的根本特征是什么？请找出相关语句，并作讲解。,政权属于社会的全体成员,社会的管理者应由品德高尚的人 和能干的人担任,社会成员间应当建立起良好的关系,2.本文是从哪几个方面来说明“大同”社会的基本特征的？,3.从“谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作”中，你感受到了当时社会怎样的状况？,“谋闭而不兴，盗窃乱贼而不作”是大同社会安定、和谐的状况的反映，其中折射出现实社会的黑暗、阴险，这正是人们迫切追求理想社会的原因。,本文通过对理想中的社会特征的描述，阐明了儒家理想中的“大同”社会的基本特征，表达了作者对这个理想社会的向往，同时，也反映了我国古代劳

10、动人民对美好生活的追求。,1.结构严谨，说理透彻。,文章第一层首先对“大同”社会进行纲领性说明，然后从三个方面阐述“大同”社会的基本特征，最后总括并定名为“大同”。全面具体地展现了古人关于人类美好社会的构想。,2.阐述道理，条理清晰。,文章在阐明“大同”社会政治纲领的内容时，按逻辑关系，由政权归属谈到政权所属的条件，最后谈到在德才兼备的领导者的管理下，所呈现的和谐、平等的人际关系。在阐明之后，,很自然地阐述了在这些纲领维护下的“大同”社会的基本特征，分三个方面展开，从物质生活谈到了理想观念。既全面又有条理，清晰地反映了作者的思路。,孔子名言：,1.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 2.知之为知之，

11、不知为不知，是知也。 3.三人行，必有我师焉；择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成