高中伴随状语解析

1、副词定义1.伴随是伴随，但不需要，减去是完整的句子。副词可以修改动词(初中)。副词还可以修饰文章(高级中学)3.伴随副词还可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步和方法一、分词1.现在分词Chatting with Tom，I had a lot of fun in the pub。(原因)Not receiving any letter from him，I gave him a call。(原因)He lay on the grass，looking into the sky。(伴随)Walking along the street，I ran across my old friend。(时间

2、)现在分词副词：1)现在分词和文章主语之间有_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _关系2)现在分词在句子中可以起到时间、原因、条件、陪同等副词的作用3)现在分词作副词，前面加上when，if，unless，although等连接词，可以使句子的意思更清楚。Question1:句子的主语？谓语？副词？从句的现在分词和牙齿句的主语之间的关系？表时间：Walking down the street，I ran to Sue。Climbing to the top the mountain，we saw a magnificent view。*特别是同时发生，when/while可用：while(wh

3、en)flying over the English channel，the pilot saw the Atlantic ocean .表原因、文章开头或文章结尾：Being sick，I stayed at home。Living in the country，we had few social engagements。表格让步：although knowing all this，they still made me pay for the damage。表格结果：it rained heavily，causing severe flooding in that country。The c

4、hild fell，striking his head against the door。表格方法：He stood，leaning against the wall。(伴随)Question2:两者同时发生或时间间隔短的动作，需要很长时间的前后两个茄子动作怎么表达？*用现在分词的完成时态表示时间前后或因果关系。有些动作发生在实际谓语动作之前。having noted down our names and address，the policeman dismissed us。上述doing和having done属于现在分词中伴随副词的主动语态。因为主句的主语也是伴随副词的主语。Questio

5、n3:主语和动词之间的被动关系呢？2.科举喷射*找出以下句子的主题：1) given more attention，the trees could have grown better .2) bitten by a snake，he was taken to hospital。3) though defeated，he didnt lose heart。(让步)有些科举分词处于副词表状态，常见的是：Lost丢失，丢失Lost in deep thought陷入了沉思Absorbed in集中了注意力。Dressed in收货.泰尔德of累了.Worried about担心.基于基础/基于.Su

6、mmary3:科举分词用作副词，有时还可以在前面加上when，while，if，unless，although，once等连接词，起到更明确句子意思的作用。(when) asked what had happened，he kept silent。(if) given more time，we would be able to do it better。(although) left alone at home，the little boy didn t feel afraid at all。二、with结构With用副词或说明某种局面的原因。现在是使用分词还是使用科举分词，要看与主句主语的关

7、系是被动的还是主动的。With time passing by时间越长he sat on the chair with his eyes closed .他坐在椅子上闭上了眼睛。With的复合结构可分为以下：1.with名词形容词/副词：表处于一种状态。He often sleeps with windows open。他经常打开窗户睡觉。There is a temple with no table in .2.with名词介词短语。the teacher came into the class room with a book under his arm .3.with名词现在是分词。这种

8、结构表动作的主动和正在进行中。the old woman left her house with water running .4.with名词科举分词，这种结构表是被动完成的。the thief was taken to the police station with his hands tied to his back .5.with名词否定式，这种结构表动作的未来式。the manager has been busy these days with a lot of work to do .三、独立的主要晶格结构分析1.概念：有时名词/代词是不同的结构，在句子中用作状语相当于一个状语从句

9、或并列短语，人们通常把这种结构称为独立主格或独立结构。2.独立主格的结构1)名词/代词doingRiver rising，they had to left for safety .2)名词/代词to doMuch work to do，they had to work for extra hours。3)名词/代词doneAll the work done，they went for lunch。4)名词/代词adj./adv .He entered the room，his nose red with cold。He was lying in bed，light on .5)名词/代词开宾格

10、He walked in，cane in hand。在这种结构中，名词/代词逻辑上是后一个主语，牙齿结构只能在句子中用作副词。注：有时，在独立主格前添加介词with，以构成with复合宾语结构。示例：with the problem settled，the computer restarted。you should not speak to others with your mouth full of food .He left the bathroom，with the water running。第四，形容词短语伴随状语。形容词短语在伴随状语的时候通常表示表状态。例如：1.full of

11、apologies，the manager approached us。老板走近我们，嘴里不停地说着对不起的话。2.he was too excited，unable to say a word.他太激动了，一句话也说不出来。3.he stared at the footprint，full of fear.他看着脚印，充满了恐惧。一个形容词说伴随语也表示状态，不表示动作。例如：1.he sat there，silent.他一声不响地坐在那里。2.breathless，she rushed in through the back door.经过后门，他气喘吁吁地跑了进来。3.he went t

12、o bed，cold and hungry.他又冷又饿，上床睡觉了。4.confident of the victory，the players are fighting hard。选手们对比赛胜利充满信心，奋力作战。Question4:什么时候可以省略？如何省略？在包含副词子句的复合语句中，子句的顺序等于it或主子句的主语，谓语包含be时，经常省略子句的主语和be。副词出现的条件。一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语在两个茄子状态下，或同一个主语做一个动作时，又伴随一个茄子状态。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般应该是整篇文章的主语，状语和谓语动词表示的动作或状态同时发生。副词可以用以下方法表示：第一，使用

13、分词the dog entered the room，following his master。The master entered the room，followed by his dog(主人进了家，跟着他的狗)。第二，with复合结构the little girls were playing with snow with their hands frozen red。The workers went out of work，talking and laughing all the way。第三，last year I came here by climbing over the wall

14、，sword in hand .the little boy goes to school，the little dog accompanying him状语是指状语从句的动作和主句一起发生，其表现的动作或状态以文章谓语动词的动作一起发生或存在为特征。例如：He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper。他坐在扶手椅上读报纸。All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem。他整夜躺在床上睡不着，想着那个问题。伴随副词的判断The dog entered the room，following his master。副词的特点如下：它表达的动作或状态与文章谓语动词的动作一起发生或存在1)现在分词和科举分词作为状语的差异。现在分词和科举分词作为副词的最大区别是两者和修饰主语的主动和被动关系的差异。2)现在分词用作副词时，现在分词的动作是文章主语的