专业英语08Unit Sixteen(Volume 1)a.ppt

1、授课教师：陶斌 Lecturer: Bin Tao,专业英语 建筑学与城市规划 Professional English in Architecture and Urban Planning,Review UNIT FIFTEEN Text The Architecture of Hospital Breaking the Paradigm,1. Words and Expressions,fragrance freigrns, fregrns n. 芬芳,solarium n. 日光浴室；日光浴床 solariums, solaria（庄重语或科技用语时） pl.,multi-hued 多彩

2、的,stature stt n. 重要性；名望,civic building 城市建筑 civic center 市中心 civic duties 公民的义务 civil building 民用建筑 civil law 民法 civil engineering 土木工程,boulevard 林荫大道；干路 corridor 走廊 side corridor 外廊 gallery （外）走廊；柱廊 node 交叉点 clerestory 高侧窗 sanctuary 圣所, Page 149, Para. 1, line 2 As such, the architecture of a hospi

3、tal must respond both to his emotional content of hope and tragedy and to the functional requirements of treatment and technology.,因此，医院建筑既要考虑包含期待或不幸的情感因素，又要考虑治疗和技术的功能需要。,Example 1 The car responds well to the controls.,这辆汽车操纵灵敏。,Example 2 The patient did not respond to treatment.,病人经治疗后未见起色。,她收到我的信

4、给我回了个电话。,respond to sb/sth （对人或事物）反应灵敏；易（为人或事物）控制 respond to sb/sth (with sth) 回答，回应,Example 3 She responded to my letter with a phone call.,2.Sentences, Page 149, Para. 2, line 3 Its form and materials must allow for the rapid and continual evolution of technology and science， each of which provoke

5、s constant change in program and function.,医院的建筑形式和材料必须考虑科学技术的不断高速发展，每次发展都会引起形式和功能上的连续变化。,Example 1 It will take you an hour to get to the station, allowing for traffic delays.,把路上的耽搁算进去，你要用一小时才能到车站。,Example 2 We must allow for his inexperience.,我们必须考虑到他的缺乏经验。,allow for sb/sth 计算、估计、考虑时包括某人或某事物, Pag

6、e 149, Para. 3, line 5 By analyzing political, scientific, and cultural patterns we are better able to be fully informed about the real functions of a hospital.,通过对政治、科学和文化模式的分析，我们能够更好地全面了解医院的真正功能。,Example 1 Keep me informed ( about what happens ).,有事随时通知我。,Example 2 He informed the police that some

7、 money was missing.,他向警方报案说有些钱不见了。,inform sb (of/about sth) 通知或报告某人（某事）；告诉某人, Page 149, Para. 3, line 6 Given the complexities in the relationships within and between medical departments, this knowledge helps us to manipulate spaces in both a functional and formally effective manner and allows us to

8、 move architecture beyond the role “technological skin”, even with the most demanding programs.,知道了各医疗部门内部和部门之间的复杂关系，会帮助我们以功能和形式上的有效方式利用空间，使医院建筑（即使是那些要求最苛刻的项目）不仅仅是“医疗技术的外包装”。,Example 1 Given the governments record on unemployment, their chances of winning the election look poor.,Example 2 Given her

9、interest in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.,考虑到她喜欢孩子，我可以肯定教书是最适合她的职业。,given prep. 考虑到（某事物）,鉴于政府在解决失业问题上成绩不佳，他们在选举中获胜机会似乎不大。, Page 149, Para. 4, the last line In addition, the placement of medical buildings must be considered in terms of distribution of staff, scarce and exp

10、ensive technological resources, and mobility of patients.,此外，医疗建筑的布局必须考虑医务人员的分配，稀有贵重医疗器械的分布以及病人的流动性。,Example 1 Think of it in terms of an investment.,那些数字是以百分数表示的。,in terms of 在某事物方面；以某说法来表达,从投资的角度来考虑那件事。,Example 2 The figures are expressed in terms of a percentage., Page 150, Para. 6, line 2 A pati

11、ent, like a guest in any premier hotel, must feel that the staff is available to take care of both physical and psychological needs.,一个病人，就好象一座一流宾馆的客人一样，需要感到随时有医务人员关照其身体和心理上的需要。,Example 1 You will be informed when the book becomes available.,票房有票。,这书有货时就通知你。,Example 2 Tickets are available at the bo

12、x office.,available a. 1、（指物）可用的或可得到的； 2、（指人）可会见的，可与之交谈的等。,Example 3 Im available in the afternoon.,我下午有空。,Example 4 The Prime Minister was not available for comment.,首相无暇作出评论。, Page 150, Para. 6, line 4 from the bottom Color and texture tends to be keyed to organic references, weaving together the

13、themes of growth and integration within a larger system.,颜色和质感常构成有机的联系，在一个更大的系统中编织出欣欣向荣并融为一体的旋律。,Example 1 She keyed her mood to that of the other guests.,农场按当地人的需要做了调整。,她控制住情绪使之与其他客人一致。,Example 2 The farm was keyed to the need of the local people.,key sth to sth 1、使某事与其他事物相似 2、使某事与其他事物相适应,生产率必须配合购买

14、水平。,Example 3 The rate of production must be keyed to the level of buying.,UNIT SIXTEEN Text The Practice of Architecture ( ),1. Words and Expressions,schematic design（方案设计）preliminary design（初步设计） working drawing，construction drawing（施工图）supervision（监督，监理）,consultation 咨询 in consultation with 与磋商,b

15、udget 预算 blueprint 蓝图,commission 委托,lobby porch, entrance-hall or ante-room 门厅；（入口的）厅堂；前厅,make ones bid 投标,licensed architect structural engineer electrical engineer mechanical engineer, plant engineer (water supply and sewerage, heating and ventilating),2. Sentences, Page 159, Para. 1, line1 In a p

16、eriod of rapidly accelerating change in every area of human activity economic, industrial, scientific, professional, sexual, artistic, and so on it would be foolhardy to pretend that any description could hold true for more than the moment.,在人类活动如经济、工业、科学、职业、性别、艺术等各个方面正在飞速变化的时代，妄称任何描述都适用于长久而非短暂的时期，显

17、然是不慎重的。,hold true ( for ) ；hold good 适用（于）；有效,和平共处五项原则对所有国家都适用。,Example 1 The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence hold true for all countries.,同一论点并非对所有情况都适用。,Example 2 The same argument doesnt hold good in all cases.,因此，我们将要分两部分来讨论建筑实践这一问题：第一 ，建筑设计的业务实践目前是怎样的，或者确切地说，它是怎样发展到目前状况的；第二，它将怎样变化并且大概向什

18、么方向变化。, Page 159, Para. 1, line 3 We will therefore deal with the matter of architectural practice in two sections: how it is, or rather has been up till now, and second, how it appears to be changing and in what probable directions.,他得走着应该说是跑着去上班。,Example 1 He had to walk or rather run to the offic

19、e.,我担任秘书工作，说得准确些是打字员。,Example 2 I work as a secretary, or rather, a typist.,or rather 更确切地,他昨晚回家很晚，或确切地说，已是今天凌晨。,Example 3 He came home very late last night, or rather very early this morning., Page 159, Para. 2, line10 For large buildings, apartment houses, office buildings, and so on, where the co

20、st may run into millions, the fees are much lower percentagewise, since the architectural work involved in designing a forty-story building is not much greater than for a twenty-story one, so many of the floor plans being duplicates.,-wise 后缀，与名词结合构成形容词或副词 以某方式、方法或沿某方向：clockwise, anti-clockwise, len

21、gthwise, likewise; b. 在某方面：profitwise, businesswise, weatherwise.,顺时针方向转动钥匙,Example 1 turn the key clockwise,菜好极了，酒也是。,Example 2 The food was excellent, (and) likewise the wine.,对于造价可达几百万的大型建筑物、公寓楼、写字楼等，报酬的百分比会低很多，因为楼面设计是重复的，所以设计一个高40层的楼不比设计一个20层楼花的工夫多多少。, Page 159, Para. 4, line 5 When the client i

22、s happy he instructs the architect to go ahead, and pays 10 to 15 percent of the fee, according to their agreement ( in the case of the $50000 house above, involving a total fee of $5000, the amount due at this point is $500-750 ).,如果甲方满意的话，他就会通知建筑师继续干，并按协议付给建筑师酬金的1015（在上述例子提到的万美元的工程中，总报酬为千美元，到这一阶段，

23、应支付给建筑师的数目是500750美元）。,他们是否已得到了应得的钱？,Example 1 Have they been paid the money due to them?,我还应有十五天假期。,Example 2 Im still due fifteen days holiday.,due a. 应支付的, Page 160, Para. 6, line10 The sealed bids are due on a certain day, and on that day they are opened by the client and architect and one is accepted not necessarily the lowest, for the lowest may be not quite as desirable, as, say, the next lowest, or, as sometimes happens, all the bids are rejected, and the project either scrapped or sent back to the drawing boards for revision.,在预定的某一天封标，到了这一天，甲方和建筑师启封并接受其中的一