初中英语时态语态.ppt

1、中考总复习之英语时态 语态,时态,两现,三一,三过,现在进行时 现在完成时,一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时,过去进行时 过去完成时 过去将来时,看时间，定语态,I learn English every day . I learned English yesterday. I will learn English next year . I am learning English now. I was learning English just now . I have learned English for three years. I had learned English 3 yea

2、rs by the end of last month. I said I would learn English the next day.,初中常见的6种时态：,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,一般将来时,各种时态的用法,一、一般现在时,1.用法： 2.结构：主语+动词原形 / 动词单三形式 3.标志词:,1.The boy usually_(get) to school early.,gets,2.Light _(travel)faster than sound.,travels,A.现在经常性的动作或状态 B.客观事实和真理。,always,usually,

3、often, sometimes, never, every day /week/month/year/,她一到达那儿，就会给你写信。 ,一般现在时的注意点:,在when ,as soon as, until, after, before等到引导的时间状语从句和if 引导的条件状语从句中,If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go camping.,如果明天不下雨，我们将去野营。 ,She ll write to you as soon as she gets there .,用一般现在时表示将来.,主将从现,当主句是祈使句或含有情态动词时，从句用一般现在时。,Do

4、nt get off the bus until it _(stop). You may go out to play when you_(finish) your homework.,stops,finish,某些以here，there开头的句子用一般现在时表示现在进行时。,Here comes a car. There goes the bell.,二、一般过去时,1.用法： 2.结构： 2.标志词：,yesterday,the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/week/month,in the past；just now=

5、 a moment ago,过去的动作或状态。,【2010河北省卷】39. I _ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me. A. make B. made C. will make D am making,B,主语+V-ed,三、一般将来时,1.用法： 2.结构：,将来的动作或状态。,1）will + 动词原形 2）am(is,are) going to +动词原形 3）常用be doing表示将来的动词:go, come , leave , stay，start，begin等 如：We are leaving for london. 4）be abo

6、ut to+do和be to+do表示即将发生的动作 The train is about to start. She is to be married next month.,be going to与will / shall, be to do, be about to do的用法及区别： be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备； shall / will do表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。,* be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而will则能，表意愿。如： If it is fine,

7、well go fishing.(正确) If it is fine, we are going to go fishing.(错误),*,*,* be to do sth.表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止，可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 3:00 oclock this afternoon. * be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。 Autumn harvest is about to start.,3.标志词：,tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in t

8、hree days,in (the)future, next week/month/term, from now on,下面几种情况只用will/shall:,表示有礼貌地询问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时: Will you please lend me your bike？ We will help him if he asks us. 表示单纯的将来，与人的主观愿望和判断无关时: The sun will rise at 6:30 tomorrow moring.,三、现在进行时,1.用法： 2.结构: 3.标志词：,中考模拟：,-Mike, who_football in the

9、 yard? -Let me go and see. （2010顺义）,A.has playedB.will play C.was playingD.is playing,A.现刻动作：目前正在发生的动作。 B.现阶段动作：目前一个时期一直在进行的动作，此刻不一定在进行。,now,Look! Listen! this week ，these days,is/am/ are + doing,注意,A.有几个瞬间动词可以用现在进行时表将来，如：begin,start,come,go,leave。,1.-Lucy! Would you like to give me a hand? -OK. I_.

10、 A.will comeB.come C.am comingD.would come,2.-When_you_for Toronto? -Tomorrow.,A.do;leaveB.are;leaving C.will;leavingD.shall;leave,The boy _always _ us!,B.现在进行时和always连用，表示说话人较强烈的感情色彩。,You _ always _ the same mistake!,is,helping,(夸赞),are,making,(责备),四、过去进行时,1.用法： 2.结构： 3.标志词：,过去某时某段时间正在进行的动作。,at tha

11、t time,this time yesterday,then,when， last night，last year, at 9:00 yesterday；from seven to nine；yesterday, yesterday morning,was/were +doing,含有when和while引导的时间状语： 主句中的动作先于从句的动作发生，且进行时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时 The boy was walking down the street when the earthquake happened. 从句中的动作先于主句中的动作发生时，且进行的时间较长时，

12、从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时 When he was playing ，all of us sat still and listened. 若主从句动作同时进行时，从句一般用while引导 He was reading a newspaper while I was watching TV.,谁先发生谁用进行时,1.用法：,1,2,五、现在完成时,过去的动作对现在的影响。 I have finished my homework.,过去的动作持续到现在,还可能继续持续。 I have stayed here for an hour！,2.结构,have/has+done,already,

13、just, yet, ever, never, so far(till now/up to now), recently, in the past 3 years, before, since+时间点, for+时间段,3.标志词, She has learnt English for 3 years. They have lived here since 1990. 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come , go , die , join, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。,4.瞬间动词和延续性动词 若句中出现时间段，则必须使用延续性动词。瞬间动词和延续

14、性动词转换关系如下：,1.The film began 5 minutes ago. 2.They left an hour ago. 3.The man died a week ago. 4.He joined the club 3 days ago. 5.They got married 10 years ago. 6.He came here an hour ago. 7.Jack got home 2 hours ago. 8.Mum opened the door just now. 9.I borrowed the book a week ago. 10.I bought the

15、car a year ago.,The film_ _ _ for 5 minutes. They_ _ _for an hour. The man_ _ _ for a week. He_ _ _the club for 3 days. They_ _ _for 10 years. He_ _ here since an hour ago. Jack_ _home for 2 hours. The door_ _open for a while. I_ _the book for a week. I_ _the car since a year ago.,has been on,have b

16、een away,has been dead,has been in,have been married,has been,has been,has been,have kept,have had,have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地,说话时此人很 可能不在那里,已经回来。侧重指经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。,短暂性动词与延续性动词,将暂短性动词改为相应的延续性动词或短语和一段时间连用， 其常用的方法有： a.

17、用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有： buy have borrow keep catch/get a cold have a cold get to know know join the Party be a Party member,leave be away (from) die be dead begin be on come here be here fall asleep be asleep join the Army be in the Army,come to work / live work / live begin to study/ teach study/teach,B.

18、把误句中表示一段时间的状语改为 表示过去时间的状语，原动词的完成时改为过去时 He came here three months ago. C.用 “It is/ has been +一段时间 +since (一般过去时)”结构。 It is/ has been three months since he came here.,D. 用“多长时间+has passed + since(一般过去时)” Three months has passed since he came here.,(4)暂短性动词的肯定式的完成时不能和how long连用。如： 误：How long have you b

19、orrow the book? 正：How long have you kept the book? 正：When did you borrow the book?,动词的时态结构歌谣,一般现在时，动词用原型；,一般时,单数三人称，动词加“s” 。,一般过去时，动词加“ed”。,I work.,He works.,I worked.,现在进行时,进行时,过去进行时,am,is,are,-ing。,was,were,-ing。,将来时,一般将来时，,will加原型。,完成时,现在完成时，,have/has加过分。,Exercise,1.The volleyball match will be p

20、ut off if it . A . will rain B. rains C .rained D. is raining,2.-Do you want to see the film “Harry Potter ”? -The film “Harry Potter ”? I _ it . Its very wonderful. (2008黄岗中考) A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has seen,3.The boy _(not swim) in the river yet.,hasnt swum,5.-Where is Liu Mei? - She_(go

21、) home.,4.- Where is your father?- He _ (watch) TV in the room.,7.He asked what time they_(do) at eight last night.,were doing,8.I know that he _(join) the army in1985.,joined,6.We dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic.,is watching,will rain,rains,has go

22、ne,9 .Hes not hungry. He_ just_ (have) lunch.,11.-_the Blacks _(visit) the Great Wall before? -Yes , they_. -When _they _(visit) it? -Only a month ago.,10. Im sure he _(work) it out in one hour.,has,will work,Have,had,visited,have,did,visit,时态综合试题,1.Sorry,I_to help you at ten.I was busy at the momen

23、t. A.wont come B.cant come C.didnt come D.shouldnt come 2.He_this pen for five years.He_it in 1997. A.has bought,bought. B.bought,bought C.has kept,has bought D.has had,bought 3.She_the flowers in the garden when I_to see her yesterday. A.watered，went B.was watering， went C.watered，was going D.was w

24、atering，was going 4.I don t know if my friend_.If he _,Ill let you know. A.comes,comes B.comes, will come C.will come,comes D.will come,will come,5.It_10 years since I_here. A.is,come B.is,have come C.was,came D.is,came 6.His brother_from home for a long time. A.has left B.has been away C.left D.wil

25、l leave 7.-Lucy,_you_your ticket? -Not yet. (2003河北省) A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find 8.-I dont know if his uncle_ -I think he_if it doesnt rain. A.will come; comes B.will come; will come C.comes; comesD.comes; will come,9.-Hurry up! Its time to leave. -OK,_.(2003江西) A.Im comingB.Ill come

26、C.Ive comeD.I come 10. I must return the camera to Li Lei, I_it for two weeks. A.keepB.borrowedC.have keptD.have lent (2003辽宁) 11.-When_ this kind of computer_? -Last year.(2002天津) A.did; useB.was; usedC.is; usedD.are; used 12.-Jerry,_you_your lost book? -Not yet. A.did;findB.have;foundC.has; foundD

27、.do;find 13.Do you know if_back next week? If he_back,please let me know.(2002黑龙江) A.he comes, will comeB.will he come; comes C.he will come; comesD.will he come, will come,be + done,被动语态的基本结构:,有各种时态的变化,考点一:,一般现在时的被动语态： am / is / are + done,一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + done,一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + done b

28、e going to + be + done,现在完成时的被动语态： have / has + been + done,含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + done,考点二:,被动语态中的特殊情况:, Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth. A. tastes B. is tasted C. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells,感官动词, 和sell,write,wash，read，open，burn等动词用主动语态表被动.,Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. died,happen, die,fit,take place, come true，belong to等动词不使用被动.,主动:被动:,see / hear sb. do sth be seen / heard to do sth make sb.do sth. be made to do st