现在完成时态.ppt

1、现在完成时态,have /has + 过去分词,Present perfect tense The structure of the Present Perfect Tense is:,通常使用现在完成时的几种情况：,1 表示发生在过去对现在仍有影响的动作。 We have already cleaned the classroom . The disappearance of Justin has made Kelly very unhappy. I have already read the book. The boy has come back.,2. 表示一个刚刚完成的动作,They

2、have just returned from France.,3 表示过去发生反复多次的动作。 The city is very familiar to me because I have visited it twice. You dont need to describe her, for I have met her several times. This month I have been to Beijing for 5 times.,常与twice,three times等连用,4 表示过去开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在 表示动作只能用于某些带有延续意义的动词。 She has

3、taught here since ten years ago. Since 1949, Chinese people have lived a better life. We have been in this school for 3 months. We have learned English for 10 years. 瞬间动作要用否定式才能延续 I havent seen her for 3 years. I havent seen her since last year.,since +时间点 for +时间段 these days recently so far in the

4、past few years lately by now,延续性与非延续性动词：,判断正误： 延续性动词常与for, how long, since 等引导的表示一段时间的状语或状语从句连用。 一些非延续性动词如come, go, leave, die, join, marry 等用于现在完成时，一般不可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，此时应改为意义相近的延续性动词来表达。 1 He has died for 3 years. 2 He has been dead for 3 years. 3 He died 3 years ago. 4 It has been 3 years since h

5、e died. 5 How long have you borrowed it?,F,T,T,T,F,kept,注意 非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 判断正误： （）I have received his letter for a month. （）I received this letter a month ago. （）I havent received his letter for almost a month.,错,对,对,1. Ill give you the book as soon as I _ (finish) it. 2.

6、 If you _ ( see) the film, you will like it. 3.Ill go to the party as soon as(or when )I _ (finish)my homework.,have finished,have seen,5. 在时间或条件从句中表示在将来某个时间前要完成某个动作,have finished,1 We _ (study) English for about five years. 2 They _ (live) in the south since their daughter was born. 3 I _ (read) yo

7、ur article three times. Its well written. 4 The student _ (finish) her homework already. 5 The police _ (just finish) searching the area.,have studied,have lived,have read,has finished,have just finished,现在完成时的时间标志 1不表示具体或确定时间的 一些状语往往可成为现在完成时的标志。 （1）already和yet already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 （2）ev

8、er和never 多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未”等。 Have you ever seen any aliens by yourself? I have never seen any aliens. (3) 表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just，before，up to now，the past few years等。 He has been taken away by aliens before and he still has nightmares of that now.,(4) 包括“现在”在内的时间状语。如：now,today,this morning/month/

9、year/term等。 Have you met him this term? No,I havent. 2.带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语。 I havent seen my mother for two years and I miss her very much.,关于现在完成时的几点补充： （1）现在完成时常与since连用，表示“自以来”,一直进行或者未进行某项活动，在since分句中，通常用非持续性动词的一般过去时，主句中的动词常用现在完成时，如果主句为表示时间长度的it be句型，动词可用一般现在时代替现在完成时。 It is three months since

10、 he wrote to me. It is three months since he wrote to me. It is three months since he wrote to me.,2)在It/ That/ This is the first time +(that)从句中,当主句谓语为is/will be时,that从句中的动词用现在完成时. It is the first time that Ive been here. 当主句动词为was时,that从句中的动词通常用过去完成时. It was the first time this year that he hadnt

11、worked on Saturday.,这是我第一次上网冲浪,This is the first time that I have surfed the Internet.,【 】1. -Do you know our town at all?-No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming,B,【 】2. -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, came B. eve

12、n, am coming C. ever, come D. ever, have come,D,3)先行词是最高级形式或被最高级形容词修饰时,定语从句常用现在完成时.,This is the best film that Ive seen.,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：,一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作，和现在无关； 现在完成时则强调某一发生在过去的动作与现在的关系，如对现在产生的结果或影响等。 He _ (work) in the city for ten years.,worked,has worked,I _(see) this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发） I _

13、 (see) this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了） He _ (be) in the League for three years. （他仍然是一名团员) He _ (join) the League three years ago. （强调加入的动作发生在过去）,saw,have seen,has been,joined,challenge,现在完成时与一般过去时常用的时间状语：,一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用， 而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语： yesterday, last week，ago, in1980, in

14、 October, in the past等，皆为具体的时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语： for, since, already, yet, so far, up to now, ever, never, recently, lately, just, in the past years,等，皆为不确定的时间状语。,一般过去时还是现在完成时？,1 They _ (move) to the south in 1990 and _ (live) there since then. 2 Eric _ (leave) home last year and _ (just come) back. 3

15、Justin _ (be) away from home for several days. He_ (disappear) last Friday. 4 They _(buy) this house three years ago and they _ (live) here since then.,moved,have lived,left,has just come,has been,disappeared,bought,have lived,My friend Jack has just sent me an e-mail, telling me about his travels a

16、round the world. He_(just be) to Qomolangma Base Camp and _(see) a Yeti there. He is still very excited about it. He _( visit) the great Pyramid in Egypt too. He says that he _(love) Egypt but he _( not visit) all the pyramids yet. He _( swim) in Loch Ness, but luckily he _( never meet) the Loch Ness Monster! He _(dive) in the India Ocean many times looking for