[郑州]英语口语与英语演讲的教与学.ppt

1、如何培养英语语感提高英语口语水平,厦门大学英文系 纪玉华,唱外国歌,唱中国歌,演小品,语感:讲话写作的基础,那种事我有时也会做。 （英语怎么说？） 靠直觉？I sometimes do that. 靠语法知识？Sometimes I do that. 靠模仿背诵？I do that sometimes. 靠瞎猜？I do sometimes that.,语感是什么？,sense of language 或language sense.韦氏大学词典： 对语言习惯用法的敏感或对语言有效性和得体性的感觉 演讲、会话、写作时感觉是否舒服，表达是否自如、风格是否得体？,胡一虎遇到语感问题,有一次跟大陆合

2、作主持节目，其中必须用“事业单位”四个字，他怎么说也感到没有感觉，因为台湾没这词，在大陆指国家机关主办或政府资助的社会服务机构（institutional organization)。他只好不停地重复直到有了感觉。,阮次山：最自信的时事评论员,中文英文 都欠准确,中国人的英语语感,阮次山问巴基斯坦总统： Are you consider yourself to be the bridge? 阮次山问乔姆斯基： Are they listen to history? 阮次山问基辛格： Is that easier for you to do your work?,窦文涛语感很好，但是,我的时间太

3、忙了。 这场表演，对他起了很重 要的加分。 他亲眼记得，普京说：这 是苏联国土，再往前走， 我就开枪。 夫妻之间的相似性太相似了,中国人的英语语感,中央电视台国际新闻主播 刘欣 You made me curious a lot about the problem of,林语堂及其侄子,在厦大教语音、演讲、写作 大师吸引我到厦大 林疑今：中英文发言必须看稿,语感的分类,嘴感： 手感： 眼感： 耳感：,判断口头语感的标准,发音？ 流利？ 文法？ 惯用法？ 得体性？ 肢体语言？ 语言和思维的和谐度？,语感can be cultivated,（ 19岁才大胆 说话,三岁讲 流利英语,这两句话她为何怎

4、么也说不好？,My English is getting Better and better. I love listening to Grandpa Beards Stories.,从心理学看语感,Behaviorism Cognitivism Constructivism (social constructivism),Long live Behaviorism !,蔡少芬和张晋吵架 时,谁说“123”，对方 就必须说“对不起”, 已形成条件反射。 一次在餐馆吃饭，邻 桌有人喊123,他俩就同时说：“对不起。”,Long live cognitivism !,我女儿三岁：Daddy, we

5、 must lock the door, otherwise thieves may steal my toys. 两岁:你可以把它刀下来嘛. Girl: Somebodys at the door. Mom: Theres nobody at the door. Girl: Theres yesbody at the door.,Long live constructivism!,1997在电视讲儿童爱听的故事，为他们寻找、编写故事，然后共同表演，学生进步很快。,一种新的心理学理论,循环 联动 心理学,Enactionism,Key words: Operational Closure 运作

6、圈 Structural Coupling 结构匹配,Cultivate英语语感, how？,可理解性输入 有意义的输入 有趣味的输入 身心投入练习 真实交际巩固,可理解性输入：大学生,Love is the most overused word in the English language. Most of us are quite confused about the meaning of the word, whether or not we realize it. It doesnt help that you run into it wherever you go: love in

7、 pop songs, in movies, on TV.,可理解性输入：大学生,So, what is love? The most fascinating, and frustrating, aspect of that question is that there is no simple answer. Love is much more than warm attachment or strong affection. True love, I think, ought to last. But, Is love unconditional?,有意义的输入,Today is my b

8、irthday. Happy birthday to you. I am so tired. I want to go home. I wish I could speak English as fluently as I speak Chinese. (Meaningful, 跟实际相符。),有意义的输入,When I was a child, my parents always told me that I should never talk to strangers. This was part of a whole list of things I should never do: N

9、ever accept food or candy from strangers, never get in a car with strangers, and so on.,可理解有意义的输入,China is in a tricky situation with college graduates who struggle to find jobs that match their majors after they graduate. Grads are having a hard time in the job market. Many argue that the aggressiv

10、e growth in college enrollments is to blame because it produces too many graduates that society doesnt need. From my perspective, however, there are some deep-rooted problems lying behind this.,有趣味的输入,(interesting, 学生喜欢的内容和形式就是教材编写者的向导) 我崇拜周恩来、狄更斯、列宁、牛顿 你也许Michael Jackson, Lady Gaga Barrack Obama, 冯

11、小刚 、周立波,周立波爱唱英文歌,Love me tender, love me sweet. Never let me go. You have made my life complete. And I love you so. Love me tender, love me true. All my dreams fulfilled. For, my darling, I love you and I always will. Love me tender, love me long; take me to your heart. For its there that I belong,

12、and well never part.,We all have a family by the name of China, with a lot of brothers and sisters and beautiful sceneries. Staying home are two dragons: the Yangtze and Yellow River, and Mount Zhumulangma is our highest mountain. We all have a family by the name of China, with a lot of brothers and

13、 sisters and beautiful sceneries. Can you see the Great Wall flying through the clouds? Can you see the Tibet Plateau wider than the sky？ Our great China, what a big family! You have experienced lots of wind and rain. Our great Chins, what a big family! Forever and forever, Ill forever stay with you

14、. China, Ill forever bless you from the bottom of my heart. China, Ill forever bless you with my love and devotion.,纪玉华爱中文歌曲英文唱,可理解、有意义、有趣味,Love will die if held too tightly. Love will fly if held too lightly. Friendship often ends in love, But love in friendship - never. You may be one person to th

15、e world. You may be the world to one person. To love is nothing. To be loved is sth. To love and be loved is everything.,可理解但毫无趣味的输入,For these systems it is necessarily the case that: (a) they may undergo only interactions that either perturb them by triggering in them structural changes that lead t

16、o changes of state or disintegrate them by triggering in them structural changes that lead to their loss of identity; (b) the changes of state they undergo as a result of perturbing interactions are not specified by the properties of the perturbing entities, which only trigger them; (c) the structur

17、al changes they undergo as a result of disintegrating interactions are not specified by the properties of the disintegrating entity, which only trigger them; and (d) their structure, by specifying which relations must arise between their components as a result of their interactions in order to initi

18、ate their triggered changes of state, specifies the configuration of properties that an entity must have in order to interact with them and operate either as a perturbing or as a disintegrating agent.,身心投入练习,University of Maryland teaches Chinese to American students. The teacher sings 两只老虎 while wa

19、ving all the time her right arm only.（三种教法：1.无动作；2.有无意义动作；3.有形象生动的模仿动作） 两只老虎，两只老虎，跑得快，跑得快，一只没有眼睛，一只没有耳朵，真奇怪，真奇怪 。,身心投入练习,两只老虎，两只老虎，跑得快，跑得快，一只没有眼睛，一只没有耳朵，真奇怪，真奇怪 。 There are two tigers. There are two tigers. Running fast, running Fast. One without eyes, the other without ears. Very strange, very stra

20、nge.,身心投入练习,In front of my bed shone the moonlight. I thought it was frost on the floor. Looking up I saw the bright moon. Looking down I missed my hometown. 床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。,身心投入练习,Last week, I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting, but I did not enjoy i

21、t. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors.,身心投入练习,I turned round and looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end I could not bear it. I turned round again. “I cant hear a wo

22、rd,” I said angrily. “Its none of your business,” the young man said rudely, “This is a private conversation. ”,身心投入练习,Tomorrow is Mothers Day, a special moment to express the gratitude, respect and love that we feel all year round. Our mothers give us life; they offer us unconditional love, strong

23、guidance and the sense that we can grow up to do anything we can dream of.,身心投入练习,From our first moments, mothers are our best teachers and most selfless friends. And, like my own mother, whom I miss very much, especially on Mothers Day, they rarely ask for thanks. A mothers main wish is to see her

24、children grow up healthy and happy.,身心投入练习,Mothers hold a special place in our hearts. In return, we owe them the respect and love theyve given us. On Mothers Day, we do so with cards, flowers and gifts, but today and every other day we should also do everything in our power to give our mothers the

25、peace of mind they deeply deserve.,真实交际巩固,英语角，笔友通信，做口译，编写AV故事，写英语日记等） 讲故事表演 参加演讲赛（竞选,提建议）,一切靠基础, 但要有技巧,隐喻法：音是工人，你是老板 老板必须知道每一个人的脾气、个性、优缺点。 你必须知道每一个音的音质、特点、发音要领.,语流教学-隐喻疏导法,学习语流的人就是老板 音就是人,就是手下员工 使运营顺利老板须懂得: 果断, 自控, 团结, 灵活,语流教学-隐喻疏导法,果断：开除坏蛋图省心 自控：控制自己莫发火 团结：联合起来效率高 灵活：善于应变都省事,果断:开除坏蛋图省心,只要/ t, d /的前

26、后都是辅音，就把它们开除掉。 Next month, last Sunday, send them out, recommend them, behind the door 如果后面跟着半元音，也可以开除。 Last week, next year, want you to go 某些短语中，即使前面没有辅音也可以开除 That was, it was, what was the matter?,自控:控制自己莫发火,六个爆破音的后面只要有辅音，千万别发火 例外：词内的/tl,tr,dl,dr,pl,pr,br,bl,kl, gl, kr, gr/ 不要控制。例如 class, cry, gl

27、ad, grass, play, prey, brick, black, tree, dream, little, middle He slept soundly last night. I looked at the man. Workshop, lipstick, meatball, canned food, cab driver, dog food, a big wolf, a white cat,团结:联合起来效率高,只要意义相关，统统把它们联合起来 I am afraid of speaking in front of a large audience. The aim of a hotel is to create a home away from home. 但是，若要强调，千万别连读 I did not enjoy the party. I got angry. He said angrily.,灵活:善于应变都省事,被开除的两个家伙变乖了，又被心软的老板收留了。不过，他们未免也太乖了，完全没有了个性。后面跟着谁他们就像谁。 Creditk card, footbball, a goodg girl, a goodk cook, a goodb man, tenm boys, tenng girls, a thinng girl, r