高中英语Unit9WheelsPeriodSix课件北师大版.pptx

1、Period Six ,Grammar & Writing,语法专题 现在完成进行时&现在完成时与现在完成进行时,写作专题 如何写调查报告,栏目索引,语法专题 现在完成进行时&现在完成时与现在完成进行时,一、现在完成进行时 1.结构由“have(has) been动词的现在分词”构成，表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在继续进行。 We have been looking for you for an hour. 我们找了你一个小时。(动作刚停止) She has been teaching English since she graduated. 她毕业后一直在教

2、英语。(动作还在继续进行) We have been going over maths these days. 我们这些天一直在复习数学。(动作还在继续进行),2.有时现在完成进行时不是指某动作一直在不停地进行，而是表示一直到说话为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作，常带有感情色彩。 Shes been saying that twenty times. 那话她已经说了20遍了。 He has been calling on her several times this week. 他这个星期来看她好几次。 Weve been having a lot of rain recently. 我们这里最

3、近雨水很多。,3.有时现在完成进行时表示“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，也可表示直到说话时为止的一段时间内发生的动作，这一动作到说话时已经结束，而且一般不再继续下去；这种用法主要表示某一动作所产生的结果或对现在的影响。 Hes been working too hard. 他工作太辛苦了。 The girl has been playing with toys. 那个女孩一直在玩玩具。 You have been cleaning the classroom，I think. 我想你刚才在打扫教室。,答案,.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.Dashan，who (learn) crosstalk，

4、the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.(2016江苏) 2.Marty (work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.(2015陕西) 3.Since the time humankind started gardening，we (try) to make our environment more beautiful.(2014湖南

5、) 4.Tony，why are your eyes red? I (cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.(2014江西),高考链接1,has been learning,has been working,have been trying,have been cutting,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014辽宁，短文改错) _ 2.My teach

6、ers have been telling me how great my writing was.(2010全国I，短文改错) _,havehas,havehad,答案,二、现在完成时与现在完成进行时 现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”的动作，有时两者可换用。这两种时态的主要差别有两个：,1.多数情况下两种时态不可换用 在表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”这个概念时，现在完成时多用于口语。如果侧重动作的结果，多用现在完成时；如果侧重动作的延续性或者动作仍然继续下去时，由于现在完成进行时还带有进行时的持续性、暂时性和未完成性，这时宜采用现在完成进行时，而且不能与现在完

7、成时交换使用。 I have read this book. 我读过这本书。(动作已经完成) Ive been reading this book. 我一直在读这本书。(动作还将继续下去),2.状态动词、知觉动词或情感动词，例如：see，feel，know，love等，不可用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。 I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 不可说成：I have been knowing him for years.,3.某些动词，例如：learn，lie，live，rain，sit，sleep，stand，study，wait，work等

8、本身就有持续性，故常用于带有since或for的完成进行时，以及how long开头的疑问句中。 Ive been sleeping for at least 8 hours，yet I still feel tired. 我已经睡了至少8个小时了，可还是觉得累。 How long have you been waiting here? 你在这儿等多久了。 以上的两个句子也可以使用现在完成时，可以说Ive slept和have you waited。唯一的区别是，进行时形式更强调动作的持续性。,注意：(1)在强调指出动作还未结束，还要进行下去时，不能用现在完成时，而要用现在完成进行时，以避免使

9、人误认为动作已经全部完成。 Ive been writing the composition for two hours，but I havent finished it yet. 这篇作文我写了两个小时，但还没写完。(强调动作没有结束，还要继续写下去) I have been wanting to meet you for a long time. 和你见面是我盼望已久的事。,(2)有些动词，如live，play，rain，teach，study，wait等用于现在完成时并不表示动作已经完成，所以它们既可用于现在完成时，也可用于现在完成进行时，但如果强调动作延续时间的长久或带有感情色彩时，用

10、现在完成进行时更好一些。 We have been playing football for nearly 3 hours. 我们已经踢了近三个小时的足球了。 Lisa has always been studying hard. 莉莎学习总是非常努力。(赞许的感情色彩),(3)现在完成进行时有时也用来表示一种从以前到现在这个阶段反复发生的事。 I have always been thinking of her but I cant see her. 虽然我一直在想着她，但是我不能见她。,答案,.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1.I (read) half of the English nove

11、l，and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.(2016北京) 2.In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat (cut).(2015重庆) 3.Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere. He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.(2015福建),高考链接2,have read,ha

12、s been cut,has been writing,答案,4.Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement _ (reach) so far by the two sides.(2015天津) 5.In the last few years，China (make) great achievements in environmental protection.(2015北京) 6.How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? Well，

13、the media (cover) it in a variety of forms.(2014江苏) 7.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody (see) them since.(2014大纲全国),has been reached,has made,have covered,has seen,答案,.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误) 1.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全国I，短

14、文改错) _ 2.Hard work have made him very ill.(2013辽宁，短文改错) _ 3.I have been missing you very much after I went to college a year ago.(2012重庆，短文改错) _,删除been,havehas,aftersince,答案,4.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket.(2009全国，短文改错) _,删除been,.用所

15、给动词的正确形式填空 1.You should go to bed.You (watch) TV for 5 hours. 2.Molly went to Japan last year.And I (not，hear) from her ever since. 3.I (look) for him everywhere.Where can he be? 4.They (help) us since five oclock this morning. 5.I _(work) in this school since I graduated from college.Now I am still

16、 working here.,答案,have been watching,havent heard,have been looking,have been helping,have been working,当堂达标 检测巩固,答案,6.Look！Somebody (clean) the sofa. Well，it wasnt me.I didnt do it. 7.My sister (stay) in Beijing for three months last year. 8.The little boy is dirty all over because he _ (play) in t

17、he mud all the morning. 9.He (read) in the library since it opened this morning. 10.Here he is！We (wait) anxiously for him since last night.,has cleaned,stayed,has been playing/has played,has been reading,have been waiting,.完成句子 1.一周来我一直盼着你的来信。 I your letter for a whole week. 2.我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没来。 I a

18、n hour and he still . 3.只要你把所有的窗户擦完，你就可以玩了。 As long as you all the windows，you are allowed to play. 4.史密斯先生刚到香港。 Mr. Smith in Hong Kong. 5.整整一年你都在说要出国学习。 You for a year that you will study abroad.,have been looking forward to,have been waiting for,hasnt turned up,have cleaned,has just arrived,have b

19、een saying,答案,返回,答案,本单元讲的调查报告属于应用文的范畴，旨在将调查结果真实、详细、有条理地呈现出来。有关调查报告的英文书面表达题目多以图表作文的形式呈现。题目往往要求我们根据要求将图表信息以文字的形式呈现出来。,写作专题 如何写调查报告,基础点拨,【文体指导】,1.结构安排 根据所给图表的数目及题目所要求呈现的信息的种类等确定段落结构。如“典题示例”要求对图1的信息进行描述，针对图2中的一个数据所反映的情况分析原因并发表个人看法，那么我们可以把段落确定为23个。以两段为例，第一段描述图1的信息，第二段针对图2中的一个数据进行具体分析，并发表个人看法。 2.开篇 开篇要明确地

20、指出所做调查的目的，这样也就明确了调查报告所要传达的是哪方面的信息。,3.主体段落 主体段落是呈现调查信息的段落，对于图表类调查报告而言，主体段落是最终实现图文转换的段落。写主体段落时要注意以下几个方面： (1)圈定所要转换的信息时，要在题目的具体要求下提取信息，并对信息进行明确的分类。 (2)重组信息时，要注意根据题目要求去确定信息表述的详略，重要的信息要明确、详细地说明；一般的了解性信息一笔带过即可。 (3)对所给信息的转述要使用不同的表达方法，反映在文章中也就是要使用不同的词、词组、句型等。,4.末段 末段通常用于对调查结果进行总结，也就是根据调查结果推出一个结论，或是针对调查结果发表个

21、人的看法。写此段时要注意结论的客观性、看法的合理性，不可妄加评断。,1.We have made a survey about. 2.In order to work out/find out/.we made a survey. 3.The survey we made recently shows that. 4.It can be concluded that. 5.We can make a conclusion that. 6.In conclusion. 7.In my opinion.,【常用句式】,下面是某高中对150名高三学生睡眠时间不足及其原因所做调查的结果。请根据图1提供

22、的信息描述高三学生的睡眠情况，并针对图2中任何一个数据所反映的情况分析原因，并提出你的看法，词数100左右。 参考词汇：图表chart,佳作构建,【写作任务】,第一步明确要求 本写作是一篇有关问题的调查报告，故以 时态为主；人称以 人称为主；写自己看法时应该合理，合乎逻辑。 第二步确定段落 本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手： Para.1： Para.2：,【审题谋篇】,答案,一般现在时,第三,首先开门见山阐述调查的目的，然后对图表1进行描述并分 析原因；,简要描述图表2，分析原因，阐述自己的看法。,第三步词汇热身 1.做调查 2.有足够睡眠 3.熬夜学习 4.感到更清醒 5.充分利用白天时间

23、6.用更有效的方式,答案,make a survey,have enough sleep,stay up late studying hard,feel more refreshed,make the best of daytime,in an effective way,第四步扩点成句 1.62%的学生每天睡觉少于7小时，37%的学生能睡七到八个小时。 (一般表达)Sixty-two percent of the students sleep for just less than seven hours each day.Thirty-seven percent of them can sl

24、eep for seven to eight hours. (高级表达)The result shows sixty-two percent of the students sleep for just less than seven hours each day， thirty-seven percent of them can sleep for seven to eight hours.,答案,that,while,2.我们可以得出结论大部分高三学生睡眠不足。 (一般表达)We can conclude that most of Senior 3 students dont have e

25、nough sleep. (高级表达)We can most of Senior 3 students dont have enough sleep. 3.从图2我们了解到大部分高三学生没有足够睡眠的原因。 (一般表达)From Chart 2，we learn why most Senior 3 students dont have enough sleep. (高级表达)From Chart 2，we learn most Senior 3 students dont have enough sleep.,答案,draw a conclusion that,the reasons why,【连句成篇】 We have made a survey recently about how much time Senior 3 students can sleep e