13、不求甚解

1、不求甚解,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

2、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

3、元成才路,马南邨（19121966），福建闽侯人，本名_，_作家。代表作有文论集_，杂文集燕山夜话三家村札记等。,作者名片,邓拓,当代,论中国历史的几个问题,不求甚解选自燕山夜话。20世纪60年代初，邓拓应北京晚报之约，撰写燕山夜话专栏杂文。这个专栏的杂文从古人读书治学、科学研究、生产活动等方面为我们总结和介绍了一些可以借鉴的历史经验；还对现实中的各种不良现象和错误的思想方法、工作作风提出了批评，对青年的,背景链接,学习给予了指导。一篇篇短小精悍、妙趣横生的文章，蕴含着深刻的寓意和哲理，引人深思，发人深省，对当时的杂文创作产生了积极的影响。本文就是针对有些人对陶渊明“不求甚解”的曲解而写的一篇

4、驳论文。,杂文：杂文，在中国大百科全书中解释为“现代散文中的议论为主而又具有文学意味的一种文体”，可见“议论为主”又具有“文学意味”，是杂文最主要、最基本的两个要素。,文体知识,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

5、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

6、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,【咬文嚼字】形容过分地斟酌字句。多指死抠字眼 而不领会精神实质。 【因小失大】为了小的利益，造成大的损失。 【豁然贯通】指一下子弄通了某个道理。 【开卷有益】打开书本，总有益处。常用以勉励人 们勤奋读书。,词语解释,快速阅读课文，理清课文的层次结构？,整体感知,第一部分（1）：摆出错误观点，树立起批驳的靶子。,第三部分（9）：总结全文，强调重要的书要反复阅读。,第二部分（2-8）：通过摆事实、讲道理具体阐述“不 求甚解

7、”的真正含义。,树靶子（对方的观点）,对任何问题不求甚解都是不好的。,盲目地反对不求甚解的态度同样没有充分的理由。,课文讲解,1.读课文第一自然段，说说这一自然段交代了什么。,2.作者是怎样反驳的？运用了怎样的论证方法？,以“不求甚解”的出处入手，说明人们曲解了“不求甚解”的意思。,（1）引出处,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

8、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

9、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,不求甚解,讨论：“好读书” 和“不求甚解” 有什么关系？,首先，要养成“好读书”这个习惯。只有“好读书”，才能谈到“求甚解”这个问题。其次，读书的要诀全在于“会意”，而“会意”十分不易。所以陶渊明每有“会意”，就十分高兴。因为“会意”不易，所以陶渊明只好说“不求甚解”。,（2）释新意陶渊明的读书观,读

10、书态度：虚心，别骄傲自负,因为书不一定都能读懂，就承认“不求甚解”。,读书方法：不咬文嚼字，前后贯通,不要固执一点，咬文嚼字，而要前后贯通，了解大意。,讨论：肯定“不求甚解”的方法为什么要反对马马虎虎的态度？,“不求甚解”只是不死抠一字一句，不因某一局部而放弃了整体。所以“不求甚解”不是马马虎虎，很不认真。因此，要反对马马虎虎的态度。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

11、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

12、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,（3）举例子,从态度上说明,从方法上说明,列宁批评普列汉诺夫,诸葛亮的读书方法,引陆象山的话,进一步证明,三处例证、引证，或外或中，或古或今，或正或误，信手拈来，自由骋笔，又恰到好处。选例典型，论说周到。,3.根据文章第段，谈谈什么是“死读”？什么是 “活读”？

13、,“死读”,“活读”,这句话再次阐明了“理解经典著作的精神实质”才是正确的“不求甚解”的读书态度。,是指读书时死抠一字一句，不顾作品的精神实质，不能从整体上理解大意。,是指灵活地、融会贯通地理解作品的精神实质。,4.作者认为怎样才能达到“活”读书，理解“精神 实质”呢？,书必须反复阅读，每读一次都会觉得开卷有益。强调重要的书要反复阅读。,虚心 读活 多读 勤读,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

14、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,板书设计,把握实质 不拘表象,不求甚解,树靶子：对任何问题不求甚解都是不好的,亮观点：重要的书必须常常反复阅读,驳论,作分析,树靶子,引出处,释新义,援例子,引语录,结上文,举例论证,道理论证,对比论证,课堂