她把湿毛巾拧干.ppt

1、Unit 9 Telephone Calls,Part I Pre-learning,I . Aims for This Unit By the end of this lesson, students should be able to: A. Know Phone Call Etiquette. B. Learn how to make and respond a telephone call. C. Grasp the words or phrases related to telephone calls. D. Master the rules of the perfect tense

2、 of verbs,Teaching Contents,Key words: address , horrid , clamor , justifiable , canned music , indignity , accusation , time zones Phrases : devote to shut up put on hold subject to Word Study: spoil , apply , suspect , insist , spell Useful Structures: conj. + V-ing phrase Without + V-ing phrase B

3、e a must Grammar : Perfect Tense of Verbs,Key words: address , horrid , clamor , justifiable , canned music , indignity , accusation , time zones Phrases : devote to shut up put on hold subject to Word Study: spoil , apply , suspect , insist , spell Useful Structures: conj. + V-ing phras Without + V

4、-ing phrase Be a must Grammar : Perfect Tense of Verbs,Cultural Background,A. The general development of telephone Telephone comes from the Greek word “tele”, meaning from afar, and phone, meaning voice or voiced sound. Generally, a telephone is a device which conveys sound over a distance. Telephon

5、e history begins at the start of human history. Man has always wanted to communicate from afar. People have used smoke signals, mirrors, jungle drums, carrier pigeons and semaphores to get a message from one point to another.,1 On March 10, 1876, in Boston, Massachusetts, Alexander Graham Bell inven

6、ted the telephone. a crude thing made of a wooden stand, a funnel, a cup of acid, and some copper wire. 2 On April 27, 1877 Thomas Edison filed a patent application for an improved transmitter, a device that made the telephone practical. 3 On July 9, 1877 Sanders, Hubbard, and Bell formed the first

7、Bell telephone company. In December, 1877 Western Union created the American Speaking Telephone Company. 4 On January, 28 1878 The public switched telephone network was born. In late 1879 the first telephone numbers were used. Then the telephones came into a widely usage.,B. Different types of commo

8、n phones,family telephone public telephone mobile phone/cell phone IP-card public telephone “Little-Smart” cell phone,I . Key Language Points,1. wring: 1）v. to twist and press (sth.) to remove water拧,绞出,扭 e.g. She wrung the wet towel out. 她把湿毛巾拧干。 相关搭配 wring (out) wet clothe 把湿衣服拧干 2) v. to succeed

9、in getting money, information, an agreement etc from someone, but only after a lot of effort 榨取; 勒索 e.g. wring money from sb. 勒索某人的钱财 相关搭配 wring sth. from sb./out of sb. 3) v. make sb. feel very sorry for someone or sth. 使苦恼; 折磨; 使悲痛 e.g. Her sufferings wrung my heart. 她的不幸令我非常心痛。 The sad story wrun

10、g my heart. 悲惨的故事使我伤心。 4) v. twist ones hands with others紧握 e.g. He wrung his old friends hand. 他紧握他老朋友的手,2. symphony: 【音】 n. a long piece of music usually in four parts written for an orchestra 交响乐, 交响曲, 口交响音乐会; 相关搭配symphony orchestra交响乐团队 Beethovens Third Symphony,3. combination: 1）n. two or more

11、different things, qualities, substances etc that are used or put together 结联合,合并,混合； e.g. a perfect wine and food combination 酒和食物的完美结合 The farmers are forming a combination to market their goods at fair prices. 农场主结成联盟,以便用合理的价格销售货物。 The combination of the 50 states forms the United States of Americ

12、a. 五十个州结为一体组成了美利坚合众国。 相关搭配 in combination (with) 2) n. a series of numbers or letters you need to open a combination lock 密码，暗码 e.g. He had forgotten the combination of the safe. 他忘记了保险箱密码。 combination lock 暗码锁 相关词 combine v. 组合，结合,4. address: 1）n. the number of the building and the name of the stre

13、et and town etc. 称呼; 收信(件)人的姓名, 住址 e.g. Whats your home address? 你的家庭住址呢? I wrote the wrong address on the envelope 我在信封上写错了地址。 2）v. to write on an envelope, package etc. the name and address e.g. If you address the letter, Ill mail it for you. 如果你写好姓名地址，我会为你去寄信的。,3）n. a formal speech made to a grou

14、p of people 陈述演说; 正式讲演 e.g. The mayor gave a television address yesterday evening. 市长昨晚作了电视讲话。 3) v. speak directly to someone 称呼，致意 e.g. He addressed her as Miss Mattie. 他称呼她为玛蒂小姐。 She turned to address to the man on her left. 她转身向左边的男士致意。 4) v. make a speech to a large group of people 致辞，演讲 e.g. T

15、he meeting was addressed by Senator Howard. 会议由参议员Howard致辞。 相关搭配 an address of welcome 欢迎词 home address住址; 通讯处 address a conference/meeting/crowd,5. horrid 1) adj. very unpleasant 可怕的,令人不快的e. g .a horrid smell令人不快的气味Weve had a horrid day. 今天我们过得糟透了。2) adj. behaving in a nasty unkind way 极可厌的e. g. He

16、 is a horrid creature. 他是一个可恶的人。What a horrid nuisance! 真讨厌! 相关词 horridly adv. 可怕地,6.instrument n. 1)FOR MEASURING: a piece of equipment for measuring and showing distance, speed, temperature etc 仪器; 器械, 仪表 e.g. The dentist picked up several instruments. 那牙科医生把几把器械收拾好。 2) TOOL: a small tool used in

17、work such as science or medicine where very careful movements are necessary 工具,装置, 设备 3) MUSIC: an object such as a piano, horn, violin etc, used for producing musical sounds乐器 4) METHOD: (usually singular) a system, method, or law that is used by people in power to get a particular result 手段, 傀儡 相关

18、搭配 musical instrument 乐器 surgical instrument外科器械 act as ones instrument 做某人的工具傀儡,7. clamor 1）n. a very loud noise, often made by a large group of people or animals 喧闹,叫嚷 e.g. the clamor of factory machinery 机器的噪音 The clamor of traffic gave me a headache. 交通噪音让我头痛。 2) n. strong feeling expressed loud

19、ly by a large group of people (+for) 大声的要求，呼吁 e.g. They made a clamor for reform. 他们强烈要求改革。 3) v. to demand sth. loudly大声要求，呼吁 e.g. The audience were on their feet clamoring for more rights. 观众步行游行呼吁更多的权利。 4) v. to talk or shout loudly 吵闹 e.g. Children clamored in the playground. 孩子们在操场上吵闹. 相关词 clam

20、orous adj. 吵闹的，呼吁的,8. whiny: adj. habitually complaining 好发牢骚的, 嘀咕不停的,烦躁的 e.g. People get rude and whiny when they are exhausted. 人们在精疲力竭的时候会变得粗野, 爱发牢骚。 9. spoil: v. to have a bad effect on something so that it is no longer attractive, enjoyable, useful etc. 破坏，宠坏，腐烂 e.g. The apples spoiled. 苹果烂了。 T

21、hey spoiled their child. 他们宠坏了孩子。 The rain spoiled our picnic. 这场雨弄得我们的野餐一团糟。 Our holidays were spoilt by bad weather. 我们假日的乐趣被恶劣天气所破坏。 They spoil their children. 他们宠坏了他们的孩子们。 相关搭配 spoil a person of goods抢劫别人的货物 spoil the pleasure fun 扫兴 spoil your appetite 破坏你的胃口,10. rudely: adv. impolitely 粗鲁地 e.g

22、. Keep a civil tongue in your head! ie Dont speak rudely! 说话要文明有礼! 相关词 rude adj. speaking or behaving in a way that is not polite and is likely to offend or annoy people 粗鲁的，无礼的 相关搭配 It is rude to do sth. e.g. Its rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话是不礼貌的。,11. indefinitely: adv. 1) for a period of time for whi

23、ch no definite end has been arranged 无限地,无穷地 e.g. You can borrow the book indefinitely. 你可以无限期借用这本书。 2) without giving clear or exact details 含糊地，不明确地 e.g. She expressed herself rather indefinitely. 她颇为含糊地表达了自己的想法。 相关词 indefinite adj. 无限的，不明确的 indefiniteness n. 无限，不明确，含糊， 反义词 definitely adv. 有限地，明确地

24、,12. subject: 1) v. to force somebody or something to experience something very unpleasant or difficult especially over a long time 使遭受（痛苦，困难） e. g .Peasants used to be subject to the local landowner. 农民过去受地主的压迫。 相关搭配 subject sb./sth. to sth. be subjected to e.g. All our products are subjected to ri

25、gorous testing. 我们所有的产品都要受到严格的检测。 2）n. A. the thing you are talking about or considering in a conversation, discussion, book, film etc. 题目; 问题; 主题 e.g. Paul has strong opinions on most subjects. 保尔对大多数问题都有强烈的主见。,B. an area of knowledge that you study at a school or university 学科, 科目 e.g. Physics and

26、 maths are my favorite subjects. 物理和数学都是我喜欢的科目。 the main subject in our school curriculum 我们学校课程中的主要科目 C. someone who was born in a country that has a king or queen, or someone who has a right to live there (君主国的) 国民, 臣民 e.g. a British subject 一位英国国民 D. a person or animal that is used in a test 实验对象

27、 e.g. the subject of an experiment 实验对象,We need some male subjects for a psychology experiment. 我们需要几个男子作心理学实验对象。 3）adj. likely to be affected by something, especially something unpleasant 服从的,易患的 e.g. We are subject to the law of the land. 我们须遵守当地的法律。 Trains are subject to delay(s) after the heavy

28、snowfalls. 一下大雪火车就往往误点。 Are you subject to colds? 你常患感冒吗? 相关搭配 a subject for complaint 抱怨的理由 a serious subject 重大问题 a subject for laughter 笑柄 a subject of conversation 谈话的主题 subject and object 主体和客体, 主观意识和客观事物,13. indignity: n. a situation that makes you feel very ashamed, unimportant, and not respe

29、cted 侮辱,羞辱 e.g. inflict an indignity on someone 对某人加以侮辱 They inflicted all kinds of indignities on their captives. 他们对俘虏百般侮辱。 She was subjected to indignity and humiliation. 她受到侮辱和羞辱。,14. handle: 1) n. A .the part of a door, drawer, window etc that you use for opening it 柄, 把手 B .the part of an obje

30、ct that you use for holding it 把柄, 可乘之机, 口实 e.g. I turned the handle and opened the door. 我转了转拉手,把门打开。 Dont let your conduct give any handle for gossip. 别让你的行为成为人家说三道四的话柄。 2) v. to deal with a difficult situation or problem 处理，对付 e.g .I didnt know how to handle these people. 我不知道如何对付这些人。 She asked m

31、e to handle the business for her. 她叫我替她做生意。,15.phantom: n. a frightening and unclear image, especially of a dead person. 幻象影, 觉, 鬼 怪; something that exists only in your imagination影子, 有名无实的人物 相关搭配 phantom of a dream 梦中的幻象 the phantom of things past 往事的影子 a phantom of delight 快乐的化身 e.g. He is only a

32、phantom of a king. 他只是有名无实的国王。 16. lurk: 1) vi. to exist unseen 暗藏，潜伏 e.g. Danger lurks in that quiet river. 那条平静的河里潜伏着危险。 Doubts are lurking in my mind. 我的脑海中存在着疑问。 2) vi. to move or wait quietly and secretly, as if intending to do something wrong and not wanting to be seen 潜行，埋伏 e.g. Theres someon

33、e lurking about outside. 有人埋伏在外面。,16. ignore: vt. to take no notice of ;refuse to pay attention to 不顾，不理，忽视 e. g .My advice was completely ignored. 我的建议被完全忽视了。 相关词 ignorance n. (of) lack of knowledge, information, or esp. something one ought to know about 无知，愚昧 e.g. Ignorance of the law is no excuse

34、. 对法律的无知是不能成为借口的。 ignorant adj. lack of knowledge, information, or something one ought to know about. e. g.He is ignorant even of the simplest fact. 他即使对最简单的事实都很无知,17. tax: 1) n. an amount of money that you must pay to the government according to your income, property, goods etc that is used to pay

35、for public services 税, 租税 /美(会社, 团体等的)会费; (酒菜馆等的)收费 /只用单负担, 压力(on, upon) e.g. Every citizen must pay taxes. 每个公民都必须纳税。 impose lay a heavy tax upon wines 对酒类课重税 相关搭配 a tax on ones health 健康上的负担 free of tax 免税 2) v. to charge a tax on something 收税 e.g. Cigarettes are heavily taxed in Britain. 3) v. to

36、 tell someone they have done something wrong, or blame them for it 指责 相关搭配 tax sb. with sth. e.g. He was taxed with neglecting the safety regulations. 他忽视安全操作规程而受到责备。 She was taxed with negligence/with having been negligent. 她被指控疏忽职守。,18accusation: n. (a statement ) accusing someone of doing wrong o

37、r of breaking the law 指责，控告，告发 e.g. You shouldnt make wild accusations without any evidence. 没有证据你不能随便控告别人。 He brought an accusation of theft against the man. 他指控该男子犯有偷窃罪。 相关搭配 a false accusation 诬告,19. oblique: adj. 1) not expressed in a direct way 转弯抹角的,间接的 e.g. She made an oblique reference to he

38、r own affairs. 她转弯抹角地提起她自身的事。 oblique dealings 欺诈的交易 make oblique accusations 指桑骂槐 2) not looking or pointing directly at something 斜的, 倾斜的 e.g. He drew an oblique line on paper. 他在纸上划了一条斜线。 a slanted or oblique surface 斜面一个倾的或倾斜的平面,20. connection: n. the jointing together of two or more things；a wi

39、re or piece of metal jointing two parts of a machine or electrical system 关联，联系，连接点 e.g. She apparently has no connection to the case. 很明显她和此事无关。 The radio got a loose connection. 这个收音机接线很松。 相关搭配 in connection with e.g. The police are interviewing two men in connection with the robbery. 警察正在盘问两个与抢劫案

40、相关的人,21. consideration: 1）n. careful thought and attention 斟酌，考虑 相关搭配 under consideration 在考虑之中 due/long consideration 充分考虑 give sth. your fullest consideration仔细考虑 take sth. into consideration考虑到某事 e.g. There are several amendments under consideration. 正在考虑一些修正。 After due consideration, I have deci

41、ded to tender my resignation. 经过充分的考虑，我决定小心处理我辞职的事情。,2）n. the quality of thinking about other peoples feelings and taking care not to upset them 体谅，体贴 相关搭配 out of consideration for为着想 show consideration for 体谅 e.g. The murdered womans name has not been released, out of consideration for her parents.

42、 为了她的父母着想，被害女的名字没有被透露。 Nancy never shows any consideration for her mothers feelings. 南希从来都不体谅她妈妈的心情。,22. confront: vt. to face bravely or threateningly 勇敢地面对，正视，对抗 e.g. They have confronted the problem of terrorism with great determination. 他们坚定地面对恐怖主义带来的问题。 相关搭配 confront sb. /sth. with sth. 使不得不面对，

43、使不得不承认 e.g. Students are confronted with too much information in one lesson. 学生们在一节课里面要面对太多的信息。 相关词 confrontation n. (with) 对抗，对峙 confrontational adj. 对抗的，对峙,23. surrender: 1) v. to say officially that you want to stop fighting because you realize that you cannot win 投降，屈服 e.g. After 3 days, the hij

44、ackers surrendered themselves to the police. 三天以后，黑客们向警察自首了。 相关搭配 surrender to sth./sb. 向某事/某人屈服 2) v. to give up under pressure or from necessity 交出 e.g. You will have to surrender your passport at the hotel desk. 在宾馆服务台，你必须交出你的护照。 相关搭配 surrender sth. to sb. 向某人交出某物 3) n. giving up or giving in und

45、er pressure or from necessity 投降，屈服，让步 e.g. unconditional surrender无条件投降 a surrender to the forces of evil 向恶势力屈服,24. party: n. a person who is concerned in some action or activity 一方，当事人 e.g. party A 甲方 party B 乙方 the two parties in the quarrel 吵架双方 a party to the agreement 协议的一方 25. offense: n. hu

46、rting of ones feelings 冒犯，伤害 e.g. I hope you wont take offense, if I ask you not to smoke. 如果我要你不要抽烟，我希望你不要见怪。 相关搭配 to give/cause offense to sb. e.g. Dont be upset. I dont mean to cause offense to you. 别伤心，我不是故意冒犯你的。 26. bother: vt. to cause trouble, worry, or annoyance to 打扰，烦扰 e.g. Will it bother

47、you if I turn on the radio? 我打开收音机的话会打扰你么？ Dont bother me with such funny actions.不要用这种搞笑的动作来打扰我,27. response: 1) n. something that is done as a reaction to something that has happened or been said 回应 e.g. Our call for new suggestion evoked very little response. 我们要求得到建议的呼吁几乎没有得到反响。 He opened the do

48、or in response to the knock. 听到敲门声，他打开了门。 2) n. something that is said or written as a reply 回答 e.g. His question failed to get a response from any of the students. 他的问题没有得到任何一名学生的回答。 相关词respond v. 回答，回复 responsible adj. 负责的 responsibly adv. 负责地 responsibility n. 责任,Structure of Reading I,Part I (Pa

49、ragraph 1-5) Introduction: Telephone becomes a necessary but annoying instrument. People meet some indignities when making or receiving a phone call. Part II (Paragraph 6-18) How to handle the most common telephone problems? 1.What is the proper number of rings a caller could wait before hanging up?

50、 (Paragraph7-8) 2.If a friend calls and eats something during the conversation. What should one do? (Paragraph 9-10),3.What do you think about people who ask you, “Who is calling?” before telling you if the person you asked for is there? (Paragraph 11-12) 4.What should one do upon reaching a telepho

51、ne-answering machine? (Paragraph 13-14) 5.What should one do with rude response,” who is this?” when answering the telephone? (Paragraph 15-16) 6.How to respond to “I am sorry, I have the wrong number?” (Paragraph 17-18 ),Word Study,1spoil 基本用法 1) vi. to have a bad effect on something so that it is

52、no longer attractive, enjoyable, useful etc. 破坏 e.g. The rain spoiled our picnic. 这场雨弄得我们的野餐一团糟 Our holidays were spoilt by bad weather. 我们假日的乐趣被恶劣天气所破坏。 相关搭配spoil /ruin your appetite破坏你的胃口 spoil a person of goods抢劫别人的货物 spoil the pleasure fun 扫兴,2）vi. to make a child selfish by too much generosity

53、or giving too much attention or praise 宠坏 e.g. They spoiled their child. 他们宠坏了孩子。 相关搭配spoil sb. with sth. e.g. Jimmys grandmother spoils him with toys and candy. 3) vi. to start to decay 腐烂 e.g. The apples spoiled. 苹果烂了。 4) n. the things that someone gets by being successful 战利品 e.g. They tried to t

54、ake more than a fair share of the spoils. 【谚语】Too many cooks spoils the broth. 人多手杂,厨师多了烧坏汤。 Spare the rod, spoil the child. 孩子不打不成才。,2apply 基本用法 v. （to /for）to ask formally, for something such as a job, a place in a university, or permission to do something（正式）申请 相关搭配：apply to +申请机构 apply for+申请目标，

55、内容 e.g. Mary wants to apply for the post of the secretary. 玛丽想要申请秘书这个职位。 I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them. 我向4所大学提出申请，都被接受了。 vt. to bring or put into use or operation 使用，应用，运用 e.g. Apply as much force as is necessary.有必要的话尽量用力。 相关搭配：apply sth. to把运用于 apply oneself to 致力于专心于 e.g. New technology is being applied to almost every industrial process. 几乎每个工业程序上都要使用新技术。 He applied himself to scientific research. 他专心致志于科学研究。,3) vt. to put or spread on a surface 敷，涂 e.g. Apply the paint evenly to the wall. 把漆