在职研究生英语词汇复习ppt课件.ppt

1、English Lexicology(II),1,当代研究生英语 张燕华 英语专业教研室 ,English Lexicology(II),2,词汇常考题型,English Lexicology(II),3,词汇测试的目的主要是测试对词语的掌握程度，运用能力及辨析能力。词汇部分特别注重对基础词汇的测试， 或是词的辨析和比较， 或是固定搭配， 或是常用的词组。 学习掌握一些英语构词法 注意比较同义词和近义词的区别。 熟记固定词组搭配。 充分利用题干中的逻辑关系进行推理。 题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因果关系等。,English Lexicology(II),4,一、同义词与近义词 指含

2、义基本相同或相近的词，但考生需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不同用法及其基本搭配。,English Lexicology(II),5,The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope. A. eternal B. infinite C. ceaseless D. everlasting eternal: 永恒的 infinite：无限的 ceaseless: 不停的，继续的 everlasting:永久的,无休止的,English Lexicology

3、(II),6,2. Although he has become rich, he is still very _ of his money. A. economic B. thrifty C. frugal D. careful economic: 经济的，不浪费的 thrifty: 节约的，不乱花钱的 thrifty of frugal: 节约的，不乱花钱的，frugal with careful 小心的,English Lexicology(II),7,二、形似词 指同根词， 即词根相同， 但词义、用法有差异的词； 以及同缀词， 即词前缀或后缀相同， 但词义、用法不同的词。,Englis

4、h Lexicology(II),8,3. The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field. A. respectable B. respectful C. respective D. respecting respectable: 令人尊敬的， 可敬的 respectful: 恭敬的，有礼貌的 respective: 各自的，分别的 respecting: 关于,English Lexicology(II),9,4. Your advice would be_ valuable to him, who is now at

5、a loss as to what to do. A. exceedingly B. excessively C. extensively D. exclusively exceedingly: 及其，非常 excessively: 过多，过分 extensively: 广泛地，大量地 exclusively: 专有地，单独地,English Lexicology(II),10,三、基本搭配和固定短语 注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。,English Lexicology(II),11,5. You must let me have the annual report without _ by

6、ten oclock tomorrow morning. A. failure B. hesitation C. trouble D. fail without failure 为固定用法，表示“一定， 必定”,English Lexicology(II),12,6. I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him. A. chance B. heart C. sight D. experience by chance: 偶然的，意外的 by heart: 用心记住 by sight: 面熟 by experience: 从经验中

7、,English Lexicology(II),13,7. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _. A. on view B. at a glance C. on the scene D. in sight on view: 展览， 陈列 at a glance: 看一眼就 on the scene: 出现， 到场 in sight: 在视野中， 看得见,English Lexicology(II),

8、14,四、 常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语 8. She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit （押金）. A. hand in B. hand out C. hand down D. hand over hand in: 提交 hand out: 分发， 散发 hand down: 往下传， 传给（后代） hand over: 移交， 交出,English Lexicology(II),15,9. The old couple will never _ the loss of thei

9、r son. A. get over B. get away C. get off D. get across get over: 克服，忘却，从中恢复过来 get away: 离开， 逃脱 get off: 下车，动身，起飞 get across: 被理解，（使）通过,English Lexicology(II),16,词汇构词法,English Lexicology(II),17,1. Affixation 加缀法 prefixation: supermarket suffixation: development 2. Conversion:转换法 She is patient with

10、the patient. 3. Compounding: 合成法 earthquake 4. Shortening 截短法 plane: aeroplane exam: examination flu: influenza,English Lexicology(II),18,Prefix,English Lexicology(II),19,Negative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),20,Reversative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),21,Pejorative prefixes,English Lexicology

11、(II),22,Prefixes of degree or size,English Lexicology(II),23,Prefixes of degree or size,English Lexicology(II),24,Prefixes of attitude,English Lexicology(II),25,Locative prefixes,English Lexicology(II),26,Prefixes of time and order,English Lexicology(II),27,Number prefixes,English Lexicology(II),28,

12、Suffix,English Lexicology(II),29,Noun suffixes,English Lexicology(II),30,Noun suffixes,English Lexicology(II),31,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),32,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),33,Adjective Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),34,Adverb Suffixes,English Lexicology(II),35,词汇练习,Engli

13、sh Lexicology(II),36,Im in a position to think about my future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens. A. used to B. unwilling to C. able to D. glad to,English Lexicology(II),37,The Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes. A. fur

14、thered B. showed C. replaced D. excluded,English Lexicology(II),38,Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands. A. generation B. kindness C. faculty D. readiness,English Lexicology(II),39,Green plants take in carbon dioxide and

15、 give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis. A. donate B. check C. withhold D. release,English Lexicology(II),40,The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors and other people because of the traditionally high value of gold. A. searchers B. inspecto

16、rs C. protectors D. instructors,English Lexicology(II),41,Even our Mitsubishi four-wheel-drive truck gets altitude sickness once in a while, so we like to give her a rest whenever we can. A. sometimes B. usually C. often D. seldom,English Lexicology(II),42,Working where there is no running water causes a lot of suffering. Fortunately we have a cold spring a short distance from our house. A. Forgivably B. Steadily C. Constantly D. Luckily,