新概念第二册Lesson28.ppt

1、Lesson 28,No parking,2,No smoking,No swimming,4,No photos,Where cant we park the cars?,汽车驾驶人停车时，有 下列情形之一者，处一百元以上四百元以下罚款： 一、在禁止临时停车处所停车者。 二、在弯道、陡坡、狭路或道路修理地段停车者。 三、在机场、车站、码头、学校、医院、娱乐、展览、竞技、市场或其 他公共 场所出、入口或消防栓之前停车者。 四、在设有禁止停车标志、标线之处所停车者。 五、在显有妨碍他车通行之处所停车者。 六、不依顺行方向，或紧靠道路右侧，或单行道不紧靠路边停车者。 七、於路边划有停车放车辆线之处

2、所停车营业者。 八、自用汽车招呼停车者。 九、停车时间、位置、方式、车种不依规定者。 十、在路边设有计费停车表，或其他计费停车之处所停车，不依规定缴费者。 前项情形，执行勤务警察於必要，并得令汽车驾驶人将车移置适当处所；如汽 车驾驶人不予移置或不在车内时，由该执行勤务警察为之，并得收取移置费。 第一项第十款及第二项之欠费追缴之。,New words,rare ancient myth trouble effect Medusa Gorgon,罕见的 古代的，古老的 神话故事 麻烦 结果，效果 美杜莎 （古希腊神话中的）3为蛇发女怪之一,rare a.,1. 罕见的 rare animal 稀有

3、动物；rare bird 珍稀鸟类； rare illness 疑难杂症 on rare occasions 难得，不常见 近义词： scarce adj. 缺乏的，不足的， 稀有的，不充足的（少有的，表示某个时间段或 某个地方少有） 2. adj. 几乎是生的,rare:几乎 生的 well done : 全熟的 medium : 半生半熟的,bare （空的） care (Who cares?) 关心 dare (how dare you?) 敢 fare (bus fare) 车票，车费 ware (glass ware) 制品，器皿,trouble,n. 麻烦 ask/look for

4、 trouble自寻烦恼/遇到麻烦 be in trouble 有麻烦 have trouble with sb 和某人相处有麻烦 have trouble in doing sth. 某事有麻烦 但自从搬进去以后他就和汽车和车主们发生了摩擦。 Ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners. v. trouble sb 麻烦某人 What is troubling you? 你为何事烦恼?,effect n.结果，效果,1 have an effect on sb/sth对.有效果 2 have a

5、good/ bad effect on sb/sth对.有好（坏）效果 3 be of no effect 无效 4 come/ go into effect 开始生效 5 take effect 见效，生效 6 bring/carry/putinto effect 实行，实施 7 in effect 在实施中 Jasper曾把几块“禁止停车”的牌子挂在大门外边，但没有任何效果。 Japer has put up No Parking signs outside his gate, but these have not had any effect.,ancient adj. 古代的, 古老的

6、 古埃及 ancient Egypt 古代中国/印度/希腊 ancient history/city/Chinese n. 古代史, 家喻户晓的故事,myth mi n.神话, 虚构的故事 fairy stories/tales,Do you know the story of Medusa,MythMedusa (神话故事),Gorgon Medusa Gorgon n. 三位蛇发女妖之一,美杜莎曾是一位美丽的少女，一头乌黑的头发使她容光照人。 但是她胆敢跟战争女神雅典娜比美，女神将她的鬈发变成嘶嘶作响的毒蛇。 她变成了一头面目可憎的怪物，任何有生命的东西只要看到她就立刻变成石头。,另两位是

7、： 丝西娜和尤瑞艾莉,Medusa n. 美杜莎(古希腊神话中3位蛇发女怪之一) Gorgon (古希腊神话中的)3位蛇发女怪之一(凡见其貌者都会变成石头) 另两位是： 丝西娜和尤瑞艾莉,Gorgon-Medusa,Questions,1.what does Jasper White believe in? 1. What has he put up outside his gate? 2. Why has he put the stone head of Medusa over his gate?,He believe in ancient myths.,He has put up “No

8、parking” signs outside gate.,He hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.,Todays story,Main character: Jasper White Belief: Ancient myth Possessions: A new house, a car,Jasper White,Text.,1、Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths.,one of +名词/代词 其中之一（of后面的

9、名词必须是复数，但与这个结构连用的动词必须是单数） One of your friends is waiting for you now. 如果在定语从句中出现了one of作为先行词, 它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在one of前面还有一修饰词 (the) only,那么后边的关系代词将指代one这个词, 才作单数看 He is the only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths. one of 直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的 One of the answers is ture. One of

10、 those people is good.,I， who_ (be) your close friend, will try my best to help you out. He who_ (do) not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreigners who _ (be) working in China. Mr. smith is the only one of the those foreigners who _ (be) working in China.,主谓一致,1.从句中

11、谓语要注意和先行词保持数和时态上的一致 2. one of 复数 the (only) one of 单数,am,does,are,is,Jasper White is one of those rare people who believe in ancient myths,believe vt. 相信，认为 Do you believe that cats eat grass? believe in 信任，信赖（人格、力量等）；信仰；相信的存在，相信的价值 I believe in God. 我信仰上帝。 Ive never believed in John.,2、He has just

12、bought a new house in the city, but ever since he moved in, he has had trouble with cars and their owners.,ever since =since 从那以后一直（ever since的语气比since强，主句一般用完成时） Ive been interested in flying ever since I was a boy. He left the village last year and has never returned ever since. have trouble doing

13、 做有麻烦 have trouble with sb. 和某人相处有麻烦 I have trouble with my roommate.,because 和 because of:,because 只能做连词用， 后面接从句 because of 由于，介词短语，后面不可以跟从句， 只能跟名词，代词或动词“-ing”,e.g. _ it was raining, he came back home late. _ the rain, he came back home late.,Because,Because of,3、Because of this, he has not been ab

14、le to get his own car into his garage even once.,Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.,be able to 的主语一般都是人, 表示有能力去做； What are you able to do? can表示天生的或学到的能力时，主语可以是人也可以是物.只能用于现在时和过去时（could），而不可用于将来时。将来时中表示能力时必须用be able to。在现在时和过去时中，can/could与be able to一般可

15、以互换，在完成时中一般用be able to。 Tom is only 9 months old and he is already able to stand up. Ill be able to pass my driving test after Ive had a few lessons.,Because of this, he has not been able to get his own car into his garage even once.,get sth. into 把弄进 get his car into his garage drive the car into 把

16、车子撞上 I drove the car into the wall /tree. even once 甚至一次（even 起强调）,4、It is one of the ugliest faces I have ever seen.,“I have ever seen” 做定语从句, 修饰前边的faces 如果关系词在从句中做宾语, 关系词可以省略, 所以 I 前的which被省略 This is the most difficult thing I have ever done. This is the most terrible news I have ever heard. 有两个结构

17、一定用最高级： of+范围 of all the students in+地点 He is the tallest in the room.,5、Jasper hopes that she will turn cars and their owners to stone.,hope 的后面加that从句 turn sth. to 把前者变成后者 turn the prince to a frog 把王子变成青蛙 He was turned to a frog. They have turned the famous beauty spot to/into an ugly place.,6、Bu

18、t none of them has been turned to stone yet!,none of，neither of做主语时做单数看待,none of them 他们当中没有一个人,1. none of 之后的名词前一定要接the, this, my, your 等修饰限定成份， None of the students could answer the questions. He did none of his homework.,2. 接名词复数时，谓语动词通常视为复数来使用，但作较 正式的表达时,则视为单数。 None of us have/has ever been abro

19、ad.,3. None of 指三者或三者以上 Neither of 两者,现在完成时,概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果 过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态 。 句型：基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done) 肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主 语+过去分词+其他）,用法,（1）现在完成时用来表示过去发生过或完成的动作或状态,对现在还有影响。 I have spent all

20、of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) （2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情 况,常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998.,3. 现在完成时常常与一些时间状语连用， 如just, ever, never, already, yet, so far, up to(till) now, lately等:,定：限定，修饰 修饰名词的成分

21、定语 a brave boy a boy with glasses,定语从句,什么是定语从句呢？,修饰前面某一名词或代词的句子,可译为“的”。 I like the man who speaks English very well.,结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 从句 先行词：被修饰的成分 关系词：引导定语从句的词,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the book (that) I borrowed in the library. He is the man (whom) I saw y

22、esterday. The man who is standing there is my boyfriend. The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.,1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句， 其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词， 所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系 代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等； 关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：引

23、导定语从句。代替先行词。 在定语从句中担当一个成分。注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。 3.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词 起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用的表示。 主要由形容词担任。此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词， 不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语 从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作定语后置。4、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。,定语从句,表示人的关系代词：who，whom，that，whose 表示事物和动物的关系代词：which，that

24、关系代词可以有四个概念 : 代人的, 做主语或宾语who，只做宾语的whom 代物的, 做主语或宾语 which 代人的也可以代物的 做主语或宾语 that whose其代表的东西由其在句子中的成分决定(不一定指人) 关系代词后面要加从句，先行词放在定语从句前面, 而且是两 句话共同含有的词, 还是被定语从句修饰的词 I have a book that/which he likes. ( “book” 为先行词 ,“that/which” 为关系代词),关系代词的用法,关系代词有两个功能 : 一是承上, 一是启下(如上句中的 “book” 作从句 的宾语) The boy who is st

25、anding at the door is my brother. I can do anything that I can do. 我愿意做我力所能及的事情来帮助你 The boat whose name is. I have a house whose windows are broken. 我有一个房子, 房子的窗户都 破了. 关系代词在关系从句中作宾语时往往可以省略，作主语时则不可以。 The millionaire whose son ran away from home a week ago is not a kind father. whose 后面一定要加一个名词, 然后这个部

26、分共同做主语或宾语 The boy whose sister is standing at the door is my brother. 妹妹站在门口的男孩是我弟弟 The pilot whose plane landed in a field was not hurt. 把飞机降落在田里的飞行员没有受伤 He is the right person I am looking for.,The Attributive Clause 定语从句,1.定义：attributive clause is clause to modify a nun or pron in a complex sentence.,2.关键词：先行词， 关系词(关系代词和关系副词),eg.This is the car which he bought last year.,先行词,定语从句,关系代词,先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。,关系词(relative pron) :关系代词&关系副词,关系代词: who whom that which whose,指人： who whom wh