初中英语语法之一般现在时.ppt

1、一般现在时,The Simple Present Tense,get up,go to bed,go to sleep,have breakfast,have lunch,have dinner,have supper,go to school,go home,start work,start lessons,finish school,play football,wash hands,do homework,watch TV,1. 我在早上七点半起床. 2.我们在3：30回家。 3. 他们在学校吃午饭。 4. 我十二岁。,I get up at half past seven. We go

2、home at half past three. They have lunch at school. Im twelve.,一般现在时,一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。,概念,1.一般现在时表示现在的状态 1）Im twelve.(我十二岁） 2)I have three baseballs. （我有三个棒球） 2）Im in the classroom（我在教室里） 3）Jack is from china.（杰克来自中国） 4）Where is my bag?（我的包在哪儿） 5）I am a student.(我是一名学

3、生）,用法,2.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。 1）She usually gets up at six oclock. (她通常在六点钟起床） 2）He reads English every morning. 他每天早晨读英语 。,通常和时间标志词连用： often 经常， usually通常， always 总是， sometimes有时， never从不， every day每天， on weekends 在周末等 3）Lucy never takes a shower. (露西从不洗澡） 4）We sometimes play basketball after school.(

4、我们有时在放学后打篮球） 5）I always do my homework on weekends(我总是在周末做作业）,3.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。 1）She likes English.(她喜欢英语） 2）I like playing basketball ball,but dont like playing baseball. (我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球） 3）He can speak Chinese.(他能够说英语） 4）She sings well.(她唱歌很好听。）,4.普遍真理和自然规律： 1） Two and four is six. 二加四等于六。 2

5、）The moon goes around the earth. 月亮绕着地球转。,主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来 表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。 一般现在时动词变化的规则是： 当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。 当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人 称单数形式。e.g. 1. We often get up early in the morning. 2. My father often gets up early in the morning.,一般现在时表达方法,用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数” 如 he, she, it, my father, my mothe

6、r, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mike, Liu Jia, China, my book, etc.,第三人称单数,1、一般动词，在词尾加 s ; 如： work- live- play- sing- eg: She _ (live) in Ningbo. 她住在宁波。,动词第三人称单数变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。,动词三单变化规律,lives,works lives plays sings,2. 以,-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es。读作 /iz /如： eg: My mother _ (wash) the coat

7、. 我母亲洗了大衣。,washes,teach- wash- miss- pass- mix- fix- push- wish-,teaches washes misses passes mixes fixes pushes wishes,3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。 注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。 如： fly try fry copy buy enjoy play say pay,flies tries fries copies buys enjoys plays says pays,4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es,

8、读作z,go do,goes,does,5.特殊情况：,have be (am, are),has is,1. be 动词的一般现在时的句式： 肯定句：主语+be+表语(n., adj.等) e.g. He_a worker. You _ thirteen. They_ in the classroom. 否定句：主语+be+ not+表语. e.g. He_ ( not be )a worker. You _ ( not be )thirteen. They _ ( not be )in the classroom.,句式结构,is,are,are,arent,arent,isnt,一般疑问

9、句：Be+主语+表语? e.g. _ he a worker? Yes, he _./No, he _. _ you thirteen? _ they in the classroom? Yes, they _. No, they _. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语? e.g. What _ he? What colour _that bird? How old _ you? Where _ they ?,Is,Are,Are,are,arent,is,isnt,is,is,are,are,小结：be 动词的一般现在时的句式： 肯定句：主语+be+表语(n., adj.等) 否定句：主语+b

10、e+ not+表语. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?,2.实义动词的一般现在时句式： 肯定句: 主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他. 1) I _ (stay) at home on Saturdays. 2) They _ (have) sports every day. 3) My parents _(give) me ten yuan every week. 主语（三单）+v.-s/v.-es+其他. He _(stay) at home on Saturdays. Lucy_ (have) sports every day.,stay,have,give,

11、stays,has, 否定句：主语(非三单)+dont+v.原形+其他 4) I_(not stay)at home on Saturdays. 5)They_(not)have sports every day. 6) My parents _ (not) give ten yuan to me every week. 主语(三单)+doesnt+v.原形+其他 He_(not stay) at home on Saturdays. Lucy _(not have) sports every day.,do not,does +not,dont stay,dont have,dont giv

12、e,doesnt stay,doesnt have, 一般疑问句： Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+do. 否定回答：No, 主语+dont. 1) _ you_ (stay) at home on Saturdays? 2) _ they _(have) sports every day? Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他？ _ he_(stay) at home on Saturdays? _Lucy_(have) sports every day?,Do,stay,Do,have,Does,Does,stay,have,特殊疑问句： 疑问词+ do

13、/does+主语+v.原形+其他？ e.g. What _ you_ (want)? What _ she_ (want)? What time _you_ (have) lunch? What time _she_ (have) lunch? What _ you _(do)? What _ she _(do)? How _ you_ (spell) it? How _ he _(spell) it?,do,do,do,do,want,have,have,want,do,do,spell,does,does,does,does,spell,小结： (1). 如果主语是I/We/You/The

14、y及名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示： 肯定句： 主语+动词原形+其他 否定句： 主语+dont+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句： Do+主语+动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答: Yes，主语+do. 否定回答: No，主语+dont . 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 ?,(2).主语是第三人称单数， 肯定句: 主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他 否定句: 主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 : Does+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答: Yes，主语+does 否定回答: No，主语+doesnt 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 ?,1.写出下列动词的三单形

15、式 go_ catch_ brush_ wash _ do_ like_ have_ watch _ drink _ fly_ say_ learn _ eat_ read_ sing_ buy_ study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _come_plant(种植)_ teach_ buy_,练习巩固,2.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. We often_(play) in the playground. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3._you_(brush) your teeth every morning.

16、4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school? 5.Danny_(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.,6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she often_(watch) TV with his parents. 8. _Mike_(read) English every day? 9.How many lessons_your classmate _(hav

17、e) on Monday? 10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?,3.选择题 1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning. A. go B. going C. goes 2. They _books every day in the library. A.reads B. read C. reading 3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much. A.like B. likes C. liking,4. My father _to read newspaper after

18、 supper every day. A.like B. likes C. liking 5. I like watching TV, but my mother_ like it. A. dont B. doesnt C. does 6. _ your father drink milk every day? A.Do B.Are C. Does,7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow. A. dont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rain 8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west. A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets,9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music. A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen 10. Jenny_ English every