翻译第十七讲(得字句译法).ppt

1、Translation(17),“得”字句的译法,“得”字概述,汉语的结构助词“得”有两种基本用法。 一种是置于动词之后，连接补语，表示能力或可能性，如：“我拿得动”。（I can carry it.） 另一种是置于动词或形容词之后，连接补语，表示结果或程度，如“天热得我睡不着觉。”（It is so hot that I cannot sleep.） “得”字句的补语，类别较多，英译时也较复杂。本讲举例说明汉语“得”字句的几种译法。,一、表示能力或可能性的“得”字句,1.利用英语的情态动词“can（could）”或“to be able to” a.这个礼堂能坐得下1500人吗？ Can t

2、his auditorium hold 1500 people? b.他看得出两者的区别。 He was able to see the difference between the two. c.论唱歌谁能比得上他？ Who can match him in singing?,2.利用带后缀“-able”,“-bile”的形容词 a.这些星星是肉眼能看得见的。 There stars are visible to the naked eye. b.这消息靠得住吗？ Is the information reliable? c.我们都认为他是可以信得过的。 We all think him c

3、redible.,3.利用“to be capable of” a.他们什么事情都干得出来。 They are capable of anything. b.他能搬得动这块石头吗？ Is he capable of moving this rock? c.他能担得起大事。 He is capable of great things.,二、表示结果或程度的“得”字句,1.利用“sothat” a.他高兴得睡不着觉。 He was so excited that he could not fall asleep. b.他说得太快，我们几乎全听不出来他说些什么。 He spoke so fast t

4、hat few of us could catch what he said. c.地板霉烂得有许多地方不能再洗刷了。 The floors were in so rotten a condition that many of them could not be scrubbed.,2.利用 “soas to” a.我们动身得早，午前就赶到那里了。 We started so early as to get there before noon. b.他常常高兴得什么都忘了。 He is often so happy as to forget everything. c.他壮实得像个年轻人似的。

5、 He is so strong as to look like a young man.,3.利用“suchthat” a.天气热得大家喘不过气来。 It was such a hot weather that people were out of breath. b.我们喊得声音很大，人们立刻前来救援。 We raised such a cry that help came at once. c.差别大得人人都能看得出来。 It is such a great difference that all will perceive it.,4.利用 “tooto” a.他气得说不出话来。 He

6、 was too angry to speak. b.恐怕事情已经闹得不可收拾了！ Im afraid things have gone too far to be set right. c.我详细地解释过，可他就是糊涂得不懂这个理儿。 I have explained it in detail, but he is too stupid to understand such a truth.,5.利用 “enough to”“enough for” a.天气暖和得可以游泳了。 Its warm enough to swim now. b.他身体壮得可以干这件重活。 He is strong

7、enough for this heavy work. c.这孩子的年龄已够得上学了。 The child is old enough to start school.,6.利用英语“连系动词或含有变得 意义的动词+形容词表语”的结构 a.他今年19岁了，虽然个子不大，可是长得很结实。 He was nineteen, slim, but quite strong. b.于是他突然变得严肃了。 Then he suddenly fell grave.,7.利用英语“动词+后置状语”的结构 a.他样样工作都做得很不错。 He does all his work very well. b.日程安排得很合适。 The schedule was arranged in a practical way. c.她英语说得很流利。 She speaks English quite fluently.,8.利用英语“till（until）+状语从句”的结构 a.这个孩子被打得青一块紫一块。 The boy was beaten until he was black and blue.