《高中英语教学资料》解题样板-阅读理解(一)介绍说明类

1、多媒体语篇精读课,阅读理解解题样板（一）,山东天成书业有限公司,02科技发明类,阅读理解解题样板,03文学与艺术类,01介绍说明类,05饮食与健康类,12个人情感与人际关系类,06人物故事类,07学校生活类,04逸闻趣事类,08社会文化类,09新闻广告类,10个人情况和日常活动类,11生态环保类,阅读理解解题样板（一） 介绍说明类,01精读语篇,1 The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can

2、move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers an

3、d focuses its attentions on “mother” the real mother or the mother-substitute (母亲替代物) 2 During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological (心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered thi

4、s fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth mod

5、el was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.,01精读语篇,3 Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called c

6、ontact (接触) comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically

7、 rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesnt “rub” as well as does soft cloth. Prolonged (长时间的)“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk. 4 According to the Harlows, the basic qu

8、ality of a babys love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, th

9、e baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is sti

10、ll there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its “mother.”,题目试做,50Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life? AWarmth.B

11、Milk. CContact. DTrust. 51After the first two weeks of their life, baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is _. Alarger in size Bcloser to them Cless frightening and less disturbing Dmore comfortable to rub against 52What does the baby monkey probably gain from pr

12、olonged “contact comfort”? AAttention. BSoftness. CConfidence. DInterest.,题目试做,53It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure, _. Ait frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys Bit spends more time screaming to get rewards Cit is less attracted to the toys though

13、they are interesting Dit cares less about whether its mother is still around 54The main purpose of the passage is to _. Agive the reasons for the experiment Bpresent the findings of the experiment Cintroduce the method of the experiment Ddescribe the process of the experiment,02读文样板,这是一篇说明文。作者在文章中主要

14、向读者阐述了一个关于幼猴的研究发现。作者通过一系列的例子告诉读者实验中幼猴对妈妈的依赖。,一. 理清文章脉络,1 The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto

15、almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother” the real mother or the mother-substitute (母亲替代物),介绍猴子刚一出生时与一周后对猴妈妈和妈妈的替代物的情感变化。,02

16、读文样板,一. 理清文章脉络,2 During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological (心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substit

17、utes one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picke

18、d the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother.,介绍幼猴对猴妈妈和妈妈的替代物在不同条件下的心理和行为变化。,02读文样板,一. 理清文章脉络,3 Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact (接触) comfort seems to b

19、e the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs

20、 itself against her body. Wire doesnt “rub” as well as does soft cloth. Prolonged (长时间的)“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.,分析实验结果，得出“舒适接触”是幼猴对猴妈妈和妈妈的替代物的心理依赖原因。,02读文样板,一. 理清文章脉络,4 According to

21、the Harlows, the basic quality of a babys love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball. If its cloth mother is now introdu

22、ced into the playroom, the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make su

23、re that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its “mother.”,分析实验结果，得出“幼猴对猴妈妈有最基本的爱”。,02读文样板,二. 破解阅读障碍,(一)怎样破解生僻词汇,1. psychologist n心理学家,破解方法,利用构词法

24、,psycholoy (心理学)ist(人),psychologist,02读文样板,二. 破解阅读障碍,(一)怎样破解生僻词汇,2. curl vi. 蜷曲；蜷缩,破解方法,利用语境法,根据上文“恐惧”和下文“成为一个毛绒绒的小球”可知是幼猴吓的蜷缩起来。,02读文样板,二. 破解阅读障碍,(二)怎样破解长难句,宾语,谓语,译文：然后，幼猴从妈妈替代物那里爬下来并且开始玩玩具，但是它又常跑回去深深地拥抱一下它，好像是要确定一下它的妈妈仍然在那里，确定一切都还好。,主语,状语,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins t

25、o explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,并列谓语,并列谓语,as if引导的省略it is的状语从句,that引导的宾语从句作make sure的宾语,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a

26、 deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then clim

27、bs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep emb

28、race (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then climbs down f

29、rom the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱)

30、 as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well.,03解题样板,分析选A从文章第一段中的“During the first few days of its life . onto almost any large, warm, and soft object .”和第二段的倒数第二句可知，幼猴刚出生的前两周最需要的是温暖，所以选A项。,第一段第三句,合理推断,第一段第三句,曲解文意,第三段第一句,曲解文意,第三段最后一句,曲解文意,03解题样板,分析选D根据第三段内容可推知，幼猴选择“布妈妈”而不是

31、“金属丝妈妈”的原因在于相对于“金属丝妈妈”而言，“布妈妈”蹭起来更舒服。故选D项。,第一段第三句,曲解文意,第三段第三句,曲解文意,第三段第四句,颠倒是非,第三段倒数第二句,合理推断,03解题样板,分析选C由第三段中的“Prolonged (长时间的) contact comfort with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence”可知，长时间与“布妈妈”接触，增强了幼猴的自信心。,第一段最后一句,曲解文意,第一段第三句,曲解文意,第三段最后一句,合理推断,第四段第二句,曲解文意,03解题样板,分析选D从最后一段中的内容尤其是该段的最后一句话可推知，当幼猴看到“布妈妈”后，它会有一种安全感，从而在行为上放松起来，因此会越来越喜欢玩玩具，而减少与“母亲”接触的时间，所以D项正确。,第四段第六句,曲解文意,第四段最后一句,混淆视听,第四段最后一句,曲解文意,第四段,合理推断,03解题样板,分析选B通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于幼猴的研究发现，因此作者写这篇文章是要将研究发现呈现给读者。,全篇,曲解文意,全篇,合理推断,全篇,曲解文意,全篇,曲解文意,04阅读积累,一. 考纲重点词汇复现,1. a