动词不定式的被动语态38850.ppt

1、Unit 2 Robots Grammar,动词不定式的被动语态,一、复习各种时态的被动语态 被动语态的基本结构: be+ done （以 the book , publish 为例） 一般现在/过去时： The book _. 一般/过去将来时: The book _. The book _. 现在/过去进行时： The book _. 现在/过去完成时: The book _. 情态动词： The book _.,is/ was published,will/would be published,is/was going to be published,is/was being publi

2、shed,has/had been published,can/could/may/mightbe published,二、动词不定式的被动语态 1. 动词不定式的被动语态有两种形式： 1）一般式 （not/never ）to be done 2）完成式 （not/ never） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前）,2. 动词不定式的被动语态在句子中的作用 1) 做主语（常用it做形式主语） 被邀请参加这个亚运会开幕式，是一大荣幸。 2) 做表语 The party is to be held next Saturday evening.,It is a

3、great honor to be invited to attend the opening ceremony of Asian Games.,It is ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.,3) 做宾语 She didnt like to be treated as a child. 这位职员不希望被她的顾客嘲笑。,The clerk wouldnt like to be laughed at by her customers,4) 做宾语补足语 Tony expected the house to be completely tra

4、nsformed. 这个残疾的孩子希望由这个主建筑师来设计这座 电影院。,The disabled child expected the cinema to be designed by the chief architect.,5）做定语 What a victory to be envied by those women! 英国人对即将在伦敦举行的奥运会感到骄傲。,The English are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in London.,练一练 一、根据括号里的提示将句子补充完整。 1.It is the fist project _

5、 (designe) by Chinese engineers. 2.She didnt want her son_ (take) away. 3.He hurried to the station only_ (tell) that the train had left.,to be designed to be taken to be told,二、用方框里动词的不定式的被动语态完成句子 1.The companys new car is going _ _in the coming months. 2.Since Claire had become attached to Tony, t

6、he robot needed _. 3.Tim refused_ by his father when he went for a haircut. 4.The desire _ a great writer inspires many young authors. 5.He felt it was absurd _hatred for someone he had never met.,to be designed to be rebuilded to be accompanied to be known as to be filled with,6.The new product is

7、available _ by interested customers. 7.She was very beautiful but she did not like _ by so many people. 8.Since these aprons are such poor quality, they need _ and taken back to the shop.,to be tested out to be envied to be set aside,用动词不定式的被动语态改写句子。 1.I did not expect that I would be interviewed -

8、I did not expect _. 2.Nobody is allowed to take the magazines out of the reading room. The magazines _ _. 3.Her classmates laugh at her and she hates- She hates _.,to be interviewed by the general manager are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room to be laughed at by her classmates,4.Someti

9、mes the guests would interrupt his writing. He doesnt want _. 5.Everybody must obey these rules as they are for- These rules _ _. 6.These are the issues that we will discuss -. These are the issues _. 7.The boss shouldnt make him work all night. He is too tired. It is wrong for him _,his writing to

10、be interrupted must be obeyed by everybody as they are for the good of whole school to be discussed tomorrow to be made to work all night.,三、用被动语态完成句子 1.The dishes need _. 2.The mail needs _. 3.The singer refused _. 4.The house is _.,to be washed to be sent to be photographed to be sold,3. 在下列情况中用不定

11、式的主动形式表示被动意思。 1) 不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词或代词构成 逻辑上的动宾关系，但又与该句主语（或另一名 词/代词）构成逻辑上的主谓关系时, He has nothing to eat. 分析： eat 动nothing宾 / he 主eat 谓 I will give you a book to read . 分析： _ 动_宾/ _主_谓 这个优雅的女人有事情要宣布。,read,a book,you,read,The elegant lady had something to declare., 比较： I have a lot of letters to type . (

12、我有很多信件要打印：I will type the letter) I have a lot of letters to be typed. (意思为： I get sb. to type the letter) 1) Ill go to New York. Have you anything _(take) to your wife there? 2) Have you any clothes _(wash), sir?” asked the maid 3) I cannot go out now as I have a lot of clothes _(wash),to be taken,

13、to be washed,to wash, 注意：若句子的主语并非不定式的逻辑主语时， 不定式则必须用被动式。,3. 在下列情况中用不定式的主动形式表示被动意思。 2) 在“主语+表语（形容词）to do” 中， 主语也是 不定式的逻辑宾语,即不定式动词和主语之间是 动宾关系。 This question is easy to answer. （分析：answer (动)-this question （宾） 注意： 如果动词为不及物动词，则要注意介词的搭配。 John is difficult to deal with. （分析：_(动)-_(宾)） 如：这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。 这题目很难算出

14、来。,deal with,John,The armchair is comfortable to sit in,The question is difficult to work out,4. There be 结构中，用不定式的主动和被 动式来修饰主语，区别不大。 There is a lot of work to do / to be done. (多用主动形式) 没有什么可担心的。,There is nothing to worry about.,1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it re

15、mains_ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen,Exercise,B,2. I hurried to the meeting hall, only_ that the meeting had been put off. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told,B,3. Do let your mother know all the truth, she appears_ everything. A. to tell B. to be told

16、 C. to be telling D. to have been told,D,4. Little Tom should love_ to the theater this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking,A,5. It is said that plastics can be used to_ many things. Now people are used to_ plastics products. A. make; using B. making; using C. making; use D.

17、make; use,A,6. With a lot of problems_, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled,C,7. He_ and was made to repeat it. A. didnt understand B. didnt be understood C. wasnt understand D. wasnt understood,D,8. The pupils here_ all kinds of ex

18、ercises every day in the past four weeks. A. kept busy doing B. keep on doing C. have kept busy doing D. have been kept busy doing,D,9. Visitors_ not to touch the exhibits. A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested,D,10. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. i

19、s serving B. is served C. serves D. served,B,1. It will take several weeks for your computer to _ (repair). 2. I knew him _ (catch) by the police. 3. A vote is required _(take) in our company at once. 4. When some money went missing from the bank, Thomas was believed _ (steal) it.,be repaired,to hav

20、e been caught,to be taken,to have stolen,练习,7. I hope _(admit) to Zhongshan University. 8.The book is said to _ (translate) into several languages. 9.I feel greatly honored _ (welcome) into their society . 10.Come on! It is an easy sentence _ (translate). 11.When I came in, he pretended to _.(read)

21、13.Mrs Smith warned her daughter _(not drive) after drinking.,to translate,to be welcomed,have been translated,to be admitted,be reading,not to drive,14.I dont know whether you happen _(hear), but Im going to study in the U.S.A this September. 15.He seems _（punish) by his teacher yesterday.,to have

22、heard,to have been punished,16.The school ordered all the classroom _( clean ). 17.My grandmother seems to have a lot _ (worry) about. 18.I am going to the post office. Do you have any letter _(post)? 19.You are lucky enough _ (not catch) in the rain.,to be cleaned,to worry,to be posted,not to have

23、been caught,二、翻译练习 1.据说这会议已经被取消了. 2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。 3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。 4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。 5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸. 6.她假装没有听懂我说的话. 7.我希望被中山大学录取。 8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。,1.据说这会议已经被取消了 The meeting is said to have been cancelled. 2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。 The student seems to have lost interest in politics. 3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。

24、The disabled dont like to be laughed at. 4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。 There is no time to waste/ be wasted 5.能被邀请进这个英语俱乐部，是一大荣幸 It is a great honor to be invited to the English Club.,6.她假装没有听懂我说的话。 She pretended not to understand what I had said. 7.我希望被中山大学录取。 I hope /expect to be admitted into Zhangshan Univers

25、ity 8.抱歉，我忘记了你的电话号码了。 I am sorry to have forgotten your telephone number.,Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 14:,to be designed to be rebuilt to be accompanied to be known as to be filled with to be tested out to be envied to be set aside,were listed be divided be organized to be accompanied were con

26、nected be surrounded was attached,Answer key for Exercise 3 on page 15:,Using structures,Answer key for exercise 1 on page 56:,I did not expect to be interviewed by the general manager. The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room (by anybody). She hates to be laughed at by her

27、classmates.,He doesnt want his writing to be interrupted (by the guests). / He doesnt want to be interrupted while writing. These rules must be obeyed by everybody as they are for the good of the whole school. These are the issues to be discussed tomorrow. It is wrong for him to be made to work all

28、night.,Answer key for exercise 2 on page 56:,The dishes need to be washed. The mail needs to be sent right away. The singer refused to be photographed. The house is to be sold.,Answer key for exercise 3 on page 56:,那本关于圣经的书需要在这周末之前还给图书馆。 下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将有一个沙发代替。 不要着急，你有足够的时间把那个传真发到你的公司。 你同妻子离婚的决定必须要得到她的同意。,That book on the Holy Bible needs to be returned to the library by/before the end of the we