Class 3 - Management theory.ppt

1、Management Theorypp. 66-,The application of theory brings about changes in actual behavior pg.66,Theory,Theory provides a sound basis for action. However, if action is to be effective, the theory must be adequate and appropriate to the task and to improved organizational performance. It must be a go

2、od theory. It must be a “good” theory.,Approaches to Management,There are many approaches to management. Each approach has many subdivisions. These approaches are sometimes referred to as “schools”. We will look at four main approaches: Classical Human relations Systems Contingency pg.67 Approach wa

3、y of looking at or doing something. Subdivision a smaller part of the main idea,The Classical Approach,Emphasis is placed on: the planning of work, the technical requirements of the organization, principles of management, the assumption of rational and logical behavior. pg.67,The Classical Approach,

4、Attention is given to: the division of work the clear definition of duties and responsibilities maintaining specialization and co-ordination hierarchy of management and formal organizational relationships,The Human Relations Approach,Recognizes the importance of the informal organization which will

5、always be present within the formal structure. Demonstrates that people go to work to satisfy a complexity of needs and not simply for monetary reward. Recognizes the work organization as a social organization and the importance of the group, and group values and norms, in influencing individual beh

6、avior at work. Norms accepted practices pg 81,Classical approach: “Organizations without people.” Human Relations approach: “People without organizations”,The Systems Approach,The systems approach encourages managers to view the organization both as a whole and as part of a larger environment. The i

7、dea is that any part of an organizations activities affects all other parts. Attempts to combine the “Classic Approach” and the “Human Relations Approach” pg.82,The Contingency Approach,Is also concerned with the importance of structure as a significant influence on organizational performance. Highl

8、ights possible means of differentiating among alternative forms of organization structures and systems of management The contingency approach implies that organization theory should not seek to suggest one best way to structure or manage organizations but should provide insights into the situational and contextual factors which influence management decisions. pg.84,Lets look at page 88!,Homework:,Maslows Hierarchy of needs Find a picture of “M